Prominent Civilizations Of The World Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes
We have provided here Prominent Civilizations Of The World Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes by our Experienced Teacher. This Extra Questions and Answers Notes consists of MCQ Questions and Answers; Very Short Type Questions and Answer & Short Type Questions and Answers.
Mcqs
1.) What river was crucial to the development of the Egyptian civilization?
a) Nile
b) Euphrates
c) Tigris
d) Ganges
Answer: a)
2.) Which civilization is associated with the invention of hieroglyphics?
a) Indus Valley Civilization
b) Mesopotamian Civilization
c) Chinese Civilization
d) Egyptian Civilization
Answer: d)
3.) Which river valley is known as the “Land between the rivers”?
a) Nile
b) Ganges
c) Euphrates and Tigris
d) Yangtze
Answer: c)
4.) What famous gardens are sometimes referred to as one of the seven wonders of the Old World?
a) Hanging Gardens of Babylon
b) Gardens of Versailles
c) Gardens of Eden
d) Gardens of Delphi
Answer: a)
5.) Who was the leader of the slave rebellion against the Roman Republic?
a) Julius Caesar
b) Spartacus
c) Augustus
d) Pompey
Answer: b)
6.) Which language and literature were developed during the Roman Empire?
a) Greek
b) Sanskrit
c) Latin
d) Aramaic
Answer: c)
7.) Which ancient American civilization is known for its hieroglyphic writing and advanced architecture?
a) Inca
b) Aztec
c) Maya
d) Olmec
Answer: c)
8.) What city was the capital of the Aztec civilization?
a) Tikal
b) Tenochtitlan
c) Cuzco
d) Machu Picchu
Answer: b)
9.) In which South American regions did the Inca civilization flourish?
a) Brazil and Argentina
b) Mexico and Honduras
c) Peru, Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina
d) Colombia and Venezuela
Answer: c)
10.) Which deity was most important to the Inca civilization?
a) Moon God
b) Sun God
c) Rain God
d) Earth Goddess
Answer: b)
One liner questions
1.) What is the name of the river associated with the Egyptian civilization?
– Nile
2.) What is the name of the legendary gardens created in Babylonia?
– Hanging Gardens
3.) Who led a slave rebellion against the Romans around 60,000 strong?
– Spartacus
4.) What is the language associated with ancient Rome?
– Latin
5.) What is the name of the lake on which the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan was built?
– Texcoco
6.) Which tribe was the first to evolve a system of writing in Mesopotamia?
– Sumerians
7.) What is the language of the Maya civilization?
– Yucutec
8.) Which empire flourished in Peru, Ecuador, Chile, and Argentina during the 15th and 16th centuries?
– Inca
9.) What was the title assumed by Julius Caesar’s nephew, Octavius?
– Augustus
10.) Who are the descendants of the original inhabitants of Italy, including North Africa, Spain, and France?
– Italians
Short answer type
1.) Who were the first to evolve a system of writing in Mesopotamia, and what was their script called?
– The Sumerians were the first to develop a system of writing in Mesopotamia, known as Cuneiform.
2.) What was the significance of the Nile River in the Egyptian civilization?
– The Nile River played a crucial role in the Egyptian civilization as it provided fertile soil for agriculture and served as a life-giving water source.
3.) Who built the legendary Hanging Gardens, and what was their purpose?
– The Hanging Gardens were attributed to King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon. They were created to console his wife, who missed the lush environment of her homeland.
4.) What were the major social classes in ancient Rome?
– Ancient Rome had two major social classes: the Patricians, who were the elite landowners, and the Plebeians, who were the common people.
5.) Why did the Mayas engage in human sacrifice as part of their religious practices?
– The Mayas believed that human sacrifice was a way to please their gods and maintain the balance of nature.
6.) What was the role of the Sun God in Inca civilization, and how did they worship natural phenomena?
– The Sun God was highly revered in Inca civilization, and they had Sun Temples in various centers. They also worshipped natural phenomena like the Moon, Stars, and lightning.
7.) What were the main achievements of the Romans during their reign?
– The Romans made significant contributions to language and literature, architecture, sculpture, and established the foundations of Roman law.
8.) How did the Spanish conquest impact the Aztec civilization, particularly their city of Tenochtitlan?
– The Spanish conquest led to the downfall of the Aztec civilization, and their capital city of Tenochtitlan was conquered and dismantled by the Spanish.
9.) Why did the Egyptians preserve the bodies of the deceased in a process known as mummification?
– Egyptians believed in the afterlife and mummified bodies to ensure preservation for the journey to the next life. They thought the body had special powers.
10.) What were the key characteristics of the Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization, and how did it contribute to Indian history?
– The Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization was characterized by advanced town planning, an organized drainage system, and achievements in art and trade. Its history provides valuable insights into ancient India.
Long answer type:
1.) Address: What were the major accomplishments of the Roman civilization, and how did it move from a republic to an empire?
Answer: The Roman civilization made critical commitments to dialect, design, and culture. Latin, the Roman dialect, played a pivotal part within the advancement of numerous modern languages. Architectural ponders just like the Pantheon and the Colosseum still stand as confirmations to their designing abilities. Roman form, affected by the Greeks, captured the quintessence of life.
The move from a republic to an realm was checked by the rise of capable commanders like Julius Caesar and Augustus. Julius Caesar’s death driven to a control battle, in the long run coming about in Augustus getting to be the primary Roman Head. This checked the conclusion of the Roman Republic and the starting of the Roman Domain. Augustus, moreover known as Octavius, presented changes, solidified control, and ruled for 44 a long time, building up a framework of heads that persevered for centuries.
2.) Address: How did the Maya civilization recognize itself among old American civilizations, and what can we learn from its ruins?
Answer: The Maya civilization stood out among antiquated American civilizations due to its headways in different areas. The Maya were talented modelers and cosmologists, making noteworthy cities with stone pyramids, royal residences, and observatories. Their hieroglyphic composing framework, protected in engravings, codices, and stelae, may be a interesting achievement.
Maya ruins, found in modern-day Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras, offer priceless bits of knowledge into their complex society. These ruins showcase their progressive structure, ceremonial centers with pyramids, and elaborate carvings on stone columns. Furthermore, the Maya’s fastidious record-keeping through composing and calendars uncovers their numerical and cosmic prowess.
3.) Address: Depict the way of life and social hones of the Aztecs, counting their devout convictions and the noteworthiness of Tenochtitlan.
Answer: The Aztecs were a Mesoamerican civilization known for their one of a kind way of life and social hones. They built their capital, Tenochtitlan, on an island in Lake Texcoco, a shocking city highlighting wide streets and resplendent temples.
Central to Aztec culture was their complex religion. They revered different divine beings and practiced human give up to conciliate them, accepting it fundamental for the survival of their domain. When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in 1519, they experienced this devout practice.
Tenochtitlan was the heart of the Aztec civilization and symbolized their riches and control. It had three fundamental streets driving to noteworthy areas: the royal residence, the sanctuary, and the pyramids. Shockingly, the entry of the Spanish stamped the ruin of Tenochtitlan and the Aztec empire.
4.) Address: What were the major accomplishments and characteristics of the Inca civilization, and how did they worship their gods?
Answer: The Inca civilization, which flourished in South America amid the 15th and 16th centuries, was characterized by amazing organizational aptitudes instead of imaginative endeavors. They built remarkable structures just like the royal residence on the island in Lake Titicaca and the Moon Temple.
One of the Inca’s most critical accomplishments was their progressed strategies of making earthenware, materials, and metalwork, especially gold gems created in North Peru. They exceeded expectations in farming and designing, making an broad arrange of streets and terraced fields.
The Inca essentially adored the Sun God, Inti, as their most imperative divinity. Sun Sanctuaries were prevalent in Inca centers. They too worshiped common components just like the Moon, stars, and lightning. Their devout hones regularly included ceremonies and offerings to conciliate these gods, guaranteeing agreement and prosperity.
5.) Address: How did the Chinese civilization create along the Yellow Waterway (Hwang Ho), and what were a few of its surprising commitments to dialect, culture, and technology?
Answer: The Chinese civilization developed along the Yellow Stream (Hwang Ho) in old times. Despite the river’s unusual flooding, the ripe lands it given played a significant part within the civilization’s growth.
Chinese commitments to dialect, culture, and innovation are surprising. The advancement of composed dialect, evolving from pictures to an ideographic script, permitted for communication and record-keeping. The Silk Street encouraged social trades, spreading Chinese culture over Asia.
In innovation, the Chinese excelled in numerous fields. They aced water system systems, enabling agriculture to flourish. Silk production was a critical industry, and porcelain making come to tall levels of modernity. The Extraordinary Divider, a amazing structural deed, served both as a protective structure and a image of Chinese civilization.
The Chinese culture’s persevering commitments incorporate Confucianism, Daoism, and their wealthy convention of craftsmanship, reasoning, and writing.