SEBA Board Solution Class 10 History Chapter 1 Partition of Bengal (1905-1911 A.D.) and Swadeshi Movement
SEBA Board Solution Class 10 History Chapter 1 Partition of Bengal (1905-1911 A.D.) and Swadeshi Movement full exercise Solution by Computer Sir. Here in this page we have provided SEBA – The Board Of Secondary Education, Assam Class 10 History Chapter 1 all Question Answer Solution.
SEBA Board Solution Class 10 History Chapter 1: Overview
Board |
SEBA / Assam State Board |
Class |
10 |
Subject |
History |
Chapter Number |
1 |
Chapter Name |
Partition of Bengal (1905-1911 A.D.) and Swadeshi Movement |
Topic |
Solution |
Very short answer questions :
1.) In which Viceroy’s time did the partition of Bengal take place?
Answer – Partition of Bengal took place under the Viceroy Lord Curzon
2.) On which date in 1905 did the partition of Bengal come into force?
Answer – The partition of Bengal was to be implemented on the 16th October 1905.
3.) In which meeting was the proposal of giving up foreign commodities accepted?
Answer- On 20th July 1905, in a protest meeting held at Dinajpur, proposal of giving up foreign commodities was accepted.
4.) Who was the editor of the journal Jugaantar published in the time of Swadeshi movement?
Answer – Bhupendra Nath Dutta was the editor of Jugantar published in the time of Swadeshi movement.
5.) When was the institution named National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) established in Bengal?
Answer – 11th March 1906, was the date when the institutuion named Jatiya Shiksha Parisad or National Education Council was established.
- Who was the main introducer of the industry named Bengal Chemicals?
Answer – Acharya Prafulla Chandra Roy introduced the industry Bengal Chemicals.
7.) Under whose presidentship did the Conference of Indian National Congress accept the proposal of swaraj for Indians?
Answer – Under Dada Bhai Naoroji, as the president, the Indian National Congress accepted the proposal of Swaraj for Indians.
8.) When did the unification of Bengal take place?
Answer – Unification of Bengal took place on 12th December 1911
Short/ long answer type questions :
1.) Mention three main geographical regions of Bengal which were annexed to the province West Bengal and Assam created after the partition of Bengal.
Answer – Dhaka, Chattagram and Rajshahi are the three major geographical regions of Bengal annexed to the province West Bengal and Assam created after the partition of Bengal.
2.) Write briefly about what were the intentions of the partition of Bengal.
Answer – Divide and rule was the main motive of the British. Bengal had played a crucial role in the freedom struggle and the Hindu Muslim unity among all the classes in the society was very much noticed by the British, which needed to be destroyed by division or partition as that would seem. This in turn was to be followed in the entire country, starting from Bengal.
3.) Why was the anti partition of Bengal movement named as Swadeshi movement? Discuss briefly.
Answer – The anti partition of Bengal movement was named as Swadeshi movement because, in the beginning it was confined to boycotting foreign goods and using home made or indigenous ones. It was publicly called upon by the leaders to every individual to give up foreign goods irrespective of caste, creed, occupation or religion. The response from the people of Bengal was immense as boycotting the foreign goods had meant patriotism which consequently meant to be economic loss to the British.
4.) Discuss the contributions of Swadeshi movement towards national education.
Answer – Swadeshi movement had a huge influence on the national education system that was present at that time. A national institution named ‘ Dawn Society’ was started by Satish Chandra Mukherjee with co-operation from Raindra Nath Tagore and Charu Das Banerjee. This institution was against the Curzon’s University Law (1904) and Carlyle’s Circular (1905). Consequently a number of students started leaving government schools and many national schools started establishing themselves throughout Bengal. Around 62 secondary schools and 3000 primary schools became functional during the Swadeshi movement.
Rashbihari Bose founded the National Edducational Council (Jatiya Shiksha Parisad ) on 11th March 1906. Bengal National College came into existence on 15th August 1906 with Arabinda Ghosh as the Principal. The college was later promoted to a University.
5.) How did the national industries develop during Swadeshi movement? Explain in short.
Answer – Swadeshi movement had laid the foundation and created a mind set of using locally made and indigenous goods among the people of Bengal and this in turn gave rise to an increase in demand of the indigenous products, consequently there seemed to be a favourable and congenial atmosphere for the growth of national industries. As demand of local and indigenous goods grew higher, various small scale industries and even large ones came into existence. Gradually, spinning mills, small and medium handlooms, factories producing mustard oil, soap, sugar, match box, biscuits, came up. National banks and insurance companies also came found scope and started coming up.
Swadeshi Bhandar, founded by Rabindranath Tagore became a textile firm. Indian Stores, founded by Yogesh Ch Choudhury and Krishna Bihari Sen at Bou Bazar, Kolkata sold all kinds of Indian products. Heavy industries like Bengal chemicals had come up under the leadership of Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray on 25th July 1906. Jamsedji Tata established iron factory in 1907. Banga Lakshmi Cotton Mill was initiated by Nilratan Sarkar on 1stAugust 1906. Therefore, Swadeshi movement had a great impact on industrialisation and imported goods gradually came to be very low in India with time.
6.) What were the anti-movement measures taken by the British to dominate Swadeshi movement?
Answer – The British expected support from the moderate leaders of Congress against the Swadesh Movement and in favour of the Partition of Bengal. Lord Curzon offered them various titles, medals, posts, appointed them as judges in high courts, as members in Viceroy’s council and even in British parliament.
7.) Mention three results of Swadeshi movement.
Answer – Three main results of the Swadeshi Movement are : –
- The Swadeshi Movement had a big influence on the then education system in Bengal. A number of primary and secondary educational institutions came up and gradually students started leaving government schools to study in the national institutions. National colleges and Universities also came up during this period in Bengal
- Swadeshi Movement had a very positive impact on people across the society to start using local, indigenous products thereby increasing the demand and local small and large scale industries ranging from spinning mills, small to medium handlooms, factories producing mustard oil, soaps, sugar, match box, biscuits came up, leading to rapid industrialisation and development of business.
- Women also took part in all the activities equally during the Swadeshi Movement in Bengal. Their active participation and role later played an important part in the national freedom struggle, in the years to come.
8.) Mention three contributions of Swadeshi movement.
Answer – Three main contributions of the Swadeshi Movement are as follows : –
- Swadeshi Movement had become a mass movement and its effects were felt by the British. It was therefore a movement that had taught the Indian politicians that with a common cause, success against the British government was achievable.
- Values of nationalism and patriotism among the common masses had been inculcated by the Swadeshi movement and this led to the Indian National Congress to take the proposal of demanding Swaraj at the Calcutta session in 1906 under presidentship of Dada Bhai Naoraji.
- Swadesh movement also resulted in armed movement as a section of the activists had resorted to armed methods by violent means.
Write short notes on :
1.) Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore
Answer – Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore was India’s one of the greatest writer, poet, and freedom fighter who had a big role to play in the Swadeshi movement and India’s freedom struggle. He was also the poet who had composed the National Anthem of both India and Bangladesh. He has motivated the youth of the nation through his poems, speeches and writings. On 16th October 1905 (the day of implementation of partition of Bengal), on the call of Rabindra nath Tagore, people of Bengal observed Rakhibandhan. People gathered at Maszids at Kalutola and Chitpur and tied rakhis to Muslims and Moulabis. He established the Swadeshi Bhandar during the Swadeshi movement. He was awarded the Nobel prize for Literature in 1913 for “Gitanjalli”, which was a compilation of his peoems, translated from Bengali.
2.) Margaret Elizabeth Noble (Bhagini Nivedita)
Answer – Margaret Elizabeth Noble or better known as Bhagini Nibedita was born in the Yr 1864 in ireland. She was known for her prominent role in the Swadeshi Movement for her contribution of creating national awareness among the youth. She stayed in Calcutta and was associated with Vivekananda Society, Dawn society, Youngman’s Hindu Union and also Anusilan Sammitee and is known for her role in encouraging the woman folk to be independent and involve in the swadeshi movement, indigenous industries. She died in 1911
3.) Nawab Salimullah
Answer – Nawab Samiullah Khan led the Creation of All India Muslim League, with aims and objectives that supported Lord Curzon’s proposal of partition of Bengal. He played a major role in the British propaganda propagation among the Muslims against the Hindus and therefore paved the path that was suited to the British to divide and rule. As such many muslims welcomed the move of the British and were in favour of the Partition. Lord Curzon had lent Rs. 14 Lacs to Nawab with minimum rate of interest. He died in the year 1905.
Solution by Another Teacher:
Very short answer questions :
1.) In which Viceroy’s time did the partition of Bengal take place?
Lord Curzon was the Viceroy during the time of partition of Bengal.
2.) On which date in 1905 did the partition of Bengal come into force?
On 16th October 1905 the partition of Bengal came into force officially.
3.) In which meeting was the proposal of giving up foreign commodities accepted?
On 20th July 1905, during the second meeting held at Dinajpur, the proposal to boycott the British goods was accepted.
4.) Who was the editor of the journal Jugaantar published in the time of Swadeshi movement?
The editor of the journal “Yugantar” published in the time of the Swadeshi movement was Bhupendra Nath Dutta.
5) When was the institution named National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parisad) established in Bengal?
The institution named the National Education Council (Jatiya Siksha Parishad) was established in Bengal on 11th March 1906 at town hall Calcutta.
6.) Who was the main introducer of the industry named Bengal Chemicals?
The main introducer of the industry named Bengal Chemicals introduced on 25th July 1906 was Acharya Prafulla Ray.
7) Under whose presidentship did the Conference of Indian National Congress accept the proposal of swaraj for Indians?
Under the presidentship of Dada Bhai Naoroji in 1906, the Conference of Indian National Congress to accepted the proposal of Swaraj for Indians.
8) When did the unification of Bengal take place?
The unification of Bengal took place on 12th December ,1911 as per the royal proclamation of Delhi.
Short/ long answer type questions :
1.) Mention three main geographical regions of Bengal which were annexed to the province West Bengal and Assam created after the partition of Bengal.
The three main geographical regions of Bengal and Assam which were annexed to the province West Bengal and Assam created after the partition were Dhaka, Chattagram and Rajshahi, total of 15 districts.
2.) Write briefly about what were the intentions of the partition of Bengal.
The unity of Hindus and Muslims farmers and labourers were threat to the administration of British and they believed that breaking this unity was only way to strengthen their stronghold on the region. The intention of the partition of Bengal was to damage the unity of the Hindu and Muslim community and for this reason the communal feelings were spread among the people.
3.) Why was the anti partition of Bengal movement named as Swadeshi movement? Discuss briefly.
The anti-partition movement of the Bengal movement was named as Swadeshi Movement because the leaders like Surendra Nath Banerjee, Bipin Chandra Paul, Arabinda Ghosh etc understood the conspiracy of the British and they created awareness among the people. They boycotted foreign goods and advocated the use of home-made goods made by Indians. All Indians of all religion, caste joined this Swadeshi movement.
4.) Discuss the contributions of Swadeshi movement towards national education.
The Swadeshi movement made a great influence on the educational system which was prevalent during that period. The students were motivated by the Swadeshi movement and took part in the rallies and protest marches. A vast student rally was organized under the presidentship of Rabindra Nath Tagore at Pataldanga Malikbari on 4th Nov 1905. Prominent leaders like Bipin Chandra Paul, Rabindranath Tagore, Abdul Rasul etc motivated the students to leave government institutions. Satish Ch. Mukherjee started a national institution named ‘Dawn Society’ with cooperation of Rabindranath Tagore and Charu Das Banerjee and spread patriotic feeling among the students. The ‘Dawn Society’ agitated against the Curzon’s University law (1904) and Carlyle’s circular (1905) and started movement for uprising the national education. Rabindranath Tagore established the Banga Jatiya Vidyalaya was established at Calcutta and Rangpur. The number of students leaving government schools increased and around 62 secondary schools and 3000 national primary schools were established. Bengal Technical Institute was established with the financial help from reputed barrister Taraknath Palit. Bihar Vidyapeeth, Patna, Samarth Vidyalaya, Maharashtra and Gujarat Vidyalay were established in the style of National University.
5.) How did the national industries develop during Swadeshi movement? Explain in short.
During the Swadeshi movement the feeling of nationality grew and a mentality of self- development also increased in Bengal and this helped in increasing the number of national industries. The demand of locally made goods grew higher and many large- and small-scale industries were developed. The boycott of foreign goods increased. Spinning machine, small and medium scale handloom industries, industries for producing mustard oil, soap, sugar, match box etc and many biscuit factories were established. Thus, the Swadeshi movement influenced in the development of many national industries.
6.) What were the anti-movement measures taken by the British to dominate Swadeshi movement?
The Swadeshi movement was a huge success in the country and encouraged many developments in the fields of education and industries. It also enhanced a feeling of national integrity and unity among the people of the country. People from all sections of the society joined in this movement. The movement was supported by almost all-important leaders. The British government was facing problems from all these developments and planned to gain support from the moderate group leaders of Congress on the issue of partition of Bengal. Lord Curzon offered the members number of posts, tittles medals etc. They were also offered the post of judges in high court, member of British parliament, member in Viceroy’s Council etc.
7.) Mention three results of Swadeshi movement.
The Swadeshi movement started during the period of partition of Bengal as a protest against it. Initially the movement was restricted to the boycotting of foreign goods and use of indigenous goods but slowly the movement made larger impact on every aspect of the country. The Swadeshi movement spread to almost all parts of the country like Maharashtra, South India, North -East India. The movement affected literature, education, economy and society of the country.The Swadeshi movement made a great influence on the educational system which was prevalent during that period. The students were motivated by the Swadeshi movement and took part in the rallies and protest marches.The number of students leaving government schools increased and around 62 secondary schools and 3000 national primary schools were established.The demand of locally made goods grew higher and many large- and small-scale industries were developed. The boycott of foreign goods increased. Spinning machine, small and medium scale handloom industries, industries for producing mustard oil, soap, sugar, match box etc and many biscuit factories were established. Middle class urban women also took part in the movement and their participation took the movement to a higher level. Women like Sarala Devi Chaudhurini, Sister Nibedita contributed in the creation of national feeling among the common women and encouraged them to independent and self -reliant.
8.) Mention three contributions of Swadeshi movement.
There were many contributions of the Swadeshi movement: –
i.) The Swadeshi movement was helpful in providing the Indians knowledge about the political scenario of the country, the common man understood that if majority of the people come forward for a common reason, then a mass movement can take place which can change the attitude of the government.
ii.) The Indian National Congress always took a peaceful approach towards the British government for their demands for the development of their country. The partition of Bengal came as a blow to their faith and their outlook changed. The Indian National Congress understood that a mass movement like Swadeshi movement was necessary for the changes needed.
iii.) The Swadeshi movement brought out the feeling of nationality in the hearts of the people of the nation. The Indian National Congress under the presidentship of Dada Bhai Naoraji, was compelled to propose for Swaraj in its Calcutta session in 1906. The Swadeshi movement also emancipated women and they joined themovement fiercely. Thousands of women came out to join the movement.
Write short notes on :
1.) Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore
2.) Margaret Elizabeth Noble (Bhagini Nivedita)
3.) Nawab Salimullah
Answer:
1.) Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore- Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore was a great Indian author, poet, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He became the first Indian lyricist to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. He was an active participant in the Swadeshi movement. He along-with other important leaders launched anti-partition movement against the British when they planned the partition of Bengal. On the 16th October 1905 when the partition of Bengal was implemented, he inspired the people to maintain peace and harmony and observed Rakhibandhan. Rabindranath Tagore also influenced people to boycott the foreign goods. He established the Swadeshi Bhander which became a reputed textile firm.
2.) Margaret Elizabeth Noble (Bhagini Nivedita)- Many women contributed in forming national awareness among the youths and women. One of these women was Sister Nivedita. She was born in Ireland and her name was Margaret Elizabeth Noble. She was a very strong lady and during her stay in Calcutta was associated with the Dawn Society, Youngman’s Hindu Union, Vivekananda Society and Anusilan Sammitee. She encouraged many youths and women to be independent and self-reliant and join in indigenous industries.
3.) Nawab Salimullah- The British Government always wanted to divide India in terms of language, religion, caste and region in order to keep their imperialism intact. The partition of Bengal was an important weapon and Lord Curzon campaigned in favour of the partition in places like Dhaka, Maimonsing, Chattagram etc and inspired the Islamic people for standing against the Hindus. With the help of Nawab Salimullah Khan, Lord Curzon approach of Bengal, He lent the Nawab Rs. 14 lacs with very little interest. Many Muslims favored the partition. Nawab Salimullah Khan was instrumental in the formation of the Muslim League in 1906 also. The Muslim League became a strong force against the Indian National Congress.
See Also : Partition of Bengal (1905-1911 A.D.) and Swadeshi Movement Extra Questions
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