NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 27 Solution – Metals and Non metals
NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Solution Chapter 27 Metals and Nonmetals. NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 27 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 10 Science Notes.
NIOS Class 10 Science & Technology Chapter 27 Solution
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
10th (Secondary) |
Subject |
Science and Technology (212) |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT QUESTIONS 27.1
1) Which properties of gold allows it to make ornaments?
Ans: – As we all know that gold is most ductile mater so for this property gold is used in making of ornaments.
2) Name a few metals which are found in free state?
Ans: –The metals which found in free state is gold, silver and platinum.
3) Metals are generally very hard. Name the metal which is soft like wax?
Ans: – The metal which is soft like wax is sodium.
4) Name a non-metal which is a good conductor of electricity.
Ans: – The nonmetal which is good conductors of electricity is graphite.
5) Name two metals which show malleability and ductility.
Ans: – The metal which shows malleability and ductility is gold and Aluminium.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 27.2
1)Under what conditions there are more chances for iron to be rusted?
Ans: – The condition which is preferable for the rust of the iron is moisture in the air.
2) Why metals are electropositive but non-metals are electronegative in nature?
Ans: – As the metal has a tendency to lose electron than the nonmetal. So, for this reason the metallic elements are known as electropositive.
3) Name a metal oxide which reacts with an acid as well as with a bases?
Ans: – The metal oxide Aluminium Trioxide reacts with the acid and the base as well.
4) When zinc reacts with sodium hydroxide what is the product? Write the equation.
Ans: – Zn + 2NaOH —> Na2ZnO2.
Then the product is sodium zincate.
5) Write the formula of rust.
Ans: – The formula of rust is Fe2O3.xH2O.
INTEXT QUESTIONS 27.3
1) What will happen if you keep a solution of copper (II) sulphate in an ironvessel? Explain the observation and give suitable explanation.
Ans: – Iron when react with copper (II) sulphate a hole will be in the vessel formed. Reaction is-
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) ⎯⎯→ FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
2)What will happen if you keep a solution of silver nitrate in a copper vessel?Explain the observation.
Ans: – Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq) ⎯⎯→ 2Ag(s) + Cu(NO3)2(aq).
So, cupric nitrate will be formed after the reaction with the silver nitrate.
3)An element reacts with oxygen to form an oxide which dissolves in water to form a solution that turns red litmus blue. The oxide dissolves in dil. HCI. Identify the element as metal or non-metal.
Ans: – From the upper description we can say that the element is metal.
4)Give an example of a metal which
(a) is a liquid at room temperature.
Ans: – Mercury is liquid in room temperature.
(b) can be easily cut with a knife.
Ans: – Sodium can be easily cut through knife.
(c) is the best conductor of electricity.
Ans: – Silver is the best conductors of electricity.
(d) poorest conductor of electricity.
Ans: – Iron is the poorest conductors of electricity.
5)Write the formula of the oxide of magnesium formed on burning ofmagnesium ribbon in oxygen?
Ans: – The reaction is,
2Mg + O2 —> 2MgO.
6)Name the hydroxide of magnesium formed when magnesium oxide reactswith hot water?
Ans: – Magnesium hydroxide will be formed when the magnesium oxide reacts with water.
MgO + H2O —> Mg (OH)2.
7) What happens when sodium metal reacts with water in cold? Write thereaction for the same?
Ans: – When sodium metal react with the water in cold makes the sodium hydroxide.
2Na + H2O —> 2NaOH
8)Define activity series of metals? Write a reaction when zinc granules areadded to copper sulphate solution?
Ans: –If we arrange a metal series with the decreasing order then we can say that this series is a activity series.
Zn + CuSO4 —> ZnSO4 + Cu.
So, the upper reaction Zn after reacting with the copper sulphate produces the zinc sulphate.
9) What is the difference between ‘mineral’ and ‘ore’?
Ans: – The mineral is the substance in which metals ore are mixed with the impurities. Whereas in a ore a metal is deducted from that.
TERMINAL EXERCISES
1)Name two precious metals used in making ornaments and write names oftwo important properties of these metals.
Ans: – The precious metals which used in making the ornaments is gold and platinum.
These metals are ductile and mailable in nature.
2) Name two non-metals which are commonly available and name their two important properties.
Ans: – The nonmetals are carbon and oxygen.
The oxygen gas helped in combustion process.
There are so many allotropes of carbon in nature.
3)Write four physical properties of metals.
Ans: – The physical properties of metals are-
- They are hard in nature.
- They are reactive.
- They form oxide after reaction with oxygen.
- Some of the metals are soft in normal temperature.
4)Write four physical properties of non-metals.
Ans: – The properties of nonmetal-
- They are not as reactivate as metals.
- They are present in oxide states in nature most.
5)How would you differentiate between a metal and a non-metal.
Ans: – A metal is hard in nature as compared to the non-metal. And the metal also more reactivates as compared to nonmetals.
6)Write reaction of metals with the following:
(a) water (b) air or oxygen (c) acids.
Ans: – (a) Na + H2O —> NaOH;
(b) 2Zn + O2 —> 2ZnO;
(c) Zn + H2SO4 —> ZnSO4;
7)What are three types of oxides of metals?
Ans: – The three types of oxides of metals aremonoxide, dioxide, trioxide.
8) Name four uses of metals.
Ans: – The metals are used for the making of structure of different car, for the steel in making building, for making ornaments etc.
9)Write four uses of non-metals.
Ans: – The nonmetals used in preparing rubber, in insulator, in gun powder.
10) Define the following:
(a) Brittleness (b) Sonorous nature.
Ans: – Brittleness is used in measuring tensile strength.
The musical instruments are hard in nature and produces the sound sonorous nature.
11) Name two metals which are most malleable and ductile. Also define:
(a) Malleability (b) Ductility
(c) brittleness (d) Tensile nature.
Ans: – The metals which are ductile and malleable is Gold and Aluminium.
Malleable: – The properties of unbroken.
Ductile: – The properties of gaining different stages by changing its size.
Brittleness: – The measurements of tensile strength.
Tensile nature: – The strength of metal is examined.
12) Write uses of the following metals:
(a) Pt (b) Au (c) Na
(d) Ag (e) Ni.
Ans: – Pt is used in making ornaments and in catalyst.
Au is used in making ornaments.
Na for the making of table salt.
Ag is used as conductors in electrical transmission.
Ni is used as catalyst.
13)What is corrosion? How will you prevent it?
Ans: – Corrosion: – Corrosion is the layer in the upper surface in iron after reacting with the moisture in air.
For the preventing or the corrosion we must amalgam it.
14) You are provided atomic number of metal X, Y and Z (not real names) in the following table. Based on electronic configuration predict whether they fall inthe category of metal or non-metal.
Atomic number Metal Metal or non-metal
9 X ………….
12 Y ………….
16 Z ………….
Ans: –
Atomic number |
Metal | Metal or Non metal |
9 | X |
Non metal |
12 |
Y | metal |
16 | Z |
Non metal |
15) Complete and balance the following reactions:
(i) Mg(s) + H2SO4(aq) ⎯⎯ —> …….MgSO4…….. + …….H2……..
(ii) 2Fe(s) + 3H2O (steam) –> …. Fe2O3……….. + …….3H2……..
(iii) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) ⎯⎯ –> ….2NaOH……… + ……H2………
16) Write names and formulas of different oxides of nitrogen.
Ans: – The different formula of oxides of nitrogen is NO2, N2O, N2O5.
17) Which one of the following oxides is not acidic?
(a) CO (b) CO2 (c) SO2 (d) SO3.
Ans: –CO.
18)Write at least one important use of the following chemicals
(a) H3PO4 (b) H2SO4 (c) NH3 (d) Water gas.
Ans: – (a) H3PO4 is used in making dental elements.
(b)H2SO4 is used in detergent.
(c)NH3 is used as in removing grease.
(d) Water gas is used for the controlling of carbon monoxide gas.
19) Identify the non-metal from the following which is used for fungus controlin agriculture:
(a) Phosphorus (b) Sulphur (c) Iodine.
Ans: – Phosphorus.
20)Which of the following metals is not used in making cell/battery?
(a) Zn (b) Pb (c) Hg (d) Na.
Ans: – Sodium.
21)Which of the following non-metals is a liquid at room temperature
(a) Bromine (b) Phosphorous (c) Sulphur (d) .
Ans: – Bromine.
22) Complete the following reactions
(i) Al2O3(s) + ….2NaOH…….. ⎯⎯ –> 2NaAlO2 + H2O(l)
(Sodium aluminate)
(ii) CaO(s) + ……H2O……. ⎯⎯–> Ca(OH)2
(iii) Sn(s) + ………….+ H2O(l) ⎯⎯–> Na2SnO3
(Sodium stannite)
23) Define Roasting and Calcination.
Ans: – Roasting: – The roasting is the process of getting metal from sulphide ores.
Calcination: – It is the process of purification of carbonate ores.