Gujarat Board Class 10 Solution Social Science Chapter 18 Price Rise and Consumer Awareness Exercise Solution here in this Post.
Board |
GSEB Gujarat State |
Textbook |
10 Class |
Medium |
English |
Subject |
Social Science |
Chapter |
18 |
Chapter Name |
Price Rise and Consumer Awareness |
Gujarat Board Class 10 Social Science Chapter 18 Price Rise and Consumer Awareness Solution:
(1) Answer the following questions in detail.
(i) Discuss the reason for price rise in detail.
Ans: Reason of price Rise –
(a) Increase in monetary supply : When there is increase in many, income of people, purchasing power, effective demand of commodities and services increases but total supply does not increase according to it. In order of fulfill plan and unplan expenditures, government increase supply of money by generating, government increase supply of many by generating new money.
(b) Population Growth : Population increases at a rate of 1.9% in India. Total population of India was 121 crore in 2011.
(c) Increase in export : Increase in demand of Indian goods in foreign market, government has encouraged increase in export as a result of which availability of commodities decreases in local or internal market.
(d) Availability of raw material at high cost : Shortage of raw material leads to increase in production cost, price of commodities increases.
(e) Usage of non-registered currency (Black money) : In order to save tax, many economical dealings are not mentioned in accounting book. Many people hide their high income unregistered income is called black money.
(ii) Discuss main two measures for controlling price rise.
Ans: (1) Monetary Measures:
(a) Bank the reserve bank of India reduces the money circulation in the economy.
(b) RBI increase rate of interest through lending policy. Loan or credit becomes expensive which stops unnecessary capital investment, due to lack of funds betting, speculation, hoarding are stopped and profiteering is controlled.
(c) Increase in bank rate, commercial banks have to increase lending rate
(d) Due to increase in reserve funds of banks, branch of commercial banks are controlled.
(e) Decrease in supply of money in the hands of people, consumable, expenditure reduces, resulting in control of price rise.
(2) Fiscal Measures : Fiscal policy means Government’s strategy with respect to public expenditure and rising revenue taxation and public loan policy .
(a) Government decreases supply of money by reducing its own expenditure as much as possible along with reduction in total expenditure of the country. Under taxation policy government increases taxes when price rise occurs that there is reduction in the supply of spending money among people. Income tax, property tax are raised.
(b) Public loan policy government try to limit total expenditure of society by issuing loan, bringing schemes compulsory saving plan will decrease and finally prices will reduce.
(iii) Explain detail ‘Rights and duties of the consumer’ (six points).
Ans: Rights of consumer :
(a) Right to safety : consumer has the right to be protect if the commodity is dangerous or harmful for health. He has the right to get protection for the maintenance of physical environment and quality of life.
(b) Consumer commits mistake in selection of right commodity due to lack of information regarding different types of commodities available in the market could not get proper incentives on money spent by him. His money is waste.
Duties of the consumer :
(a) It is the duty of consumer that his conduct or behavior towards seller should be gentle and bonafide.
(b) A consumer should insist on having original bill or original receipt of items purchase by him.
(c) Consumer should make verbal or written complaint to the officer of related department without fail. They should also take co-operation of consumer organizations and different non-profitable institutions in order to prevent complaints related to wide interest tf consumer.
(d) While purchasing product they should not make any compromise with quality of product or its safety.
(e) If consumer find product is duplicate or fake should immediately bring to the notice of trader.
(f) Consumer purchase sufficient quantity product.
(iv) Which precautions should be undertaken while purchasing ?
Ans: (a) While purchasing a commodity or consumer should make the correct choice.
(b) Purchase good quality product.
(c) Purchasing reasonable price, guarantee or warranty product.
(d) Purchase good standard signs like BIS, ISI or Agmark.
(e) While choosing product they should have all information.
(f) Check label and information given.
(g) Original bill of items purchase by him.
(h) Warranty card fill, signature of seller should be there along with stamp.
(i) Consumer should not make any compromise with quality of product or its safety.
(j) Check packing, rate, date of manufacturing batch no. weight, expiry date, name of product etc.
(v) Describe national and international institutions for quality standard.
Ans: (a) The Government of India established ISI Indian standard of Institute in 1947 to regulate quality. 1986 it is known as BIS, The goods that meet the standard and quality to use ISI mark.
(b) Agriculture product are given mark of AG mark.
(c) Gold ornaments are given BIS mark with purity number 916 which means quality and purity of Gold. It is 22 carat gold. It called Hallmark.
(d) Mark of FPO used for Jam, fruit juice, fruits and vegetable pack in tin.
(e) ECO given for soap, detergent, paper lubricating oil, color chemical, wood, plastic product by ISI.
(f) (i) ISO headquarter is IN Geneva. It was established in 1947. It provide certification of standard e.g. series of ISO – 9000 is given for environment management system by international organization.
(g) (ii) Codex Allimelatrius commission- This organization was set up to certify edible product. It is international commission for food.
(2) Answer the following questions in short.
(i) Why has it become necessary to control price rise.
Ans: (a) Continuous price rise causes massive, for reaching and adverse effects on economy and social life of people.
(b) Lives of poor and middle class people becomes miserable.
(c) Rate of savings and capital generation decreases due to price rise.
(d) New business, industries, employment stops.
(e) Foreign investment decreases.
(f) Production of necessary goods decreases so scarcity is created.
(g) Living standard of poor class deteriorates because of price rise.
(h) Inflationary price rise in hindrance for economy, so there is a desperate need to control price rise.
(ii) Black money is one of the reason for price rise. Explain.
Ans: (a) Save tax many economical dealings are not mentioned in according book.
(b) Many people hide their high income.
(c) Unregistered income is called black money.
(d) Because of fear of being caught for paying income tax or service tax, staring money, people try to use it as possible and purchase unwanted things.
(e) Thus black money has been supportive for price rise.
(iii) Clarify the role of public distribution system in controlling price rise.
Ans: (a) One of the step to control price rise in public distribution system implemented in India since 1947.
(b) People living below poverty line and people of low income group with essential commodities at reasonable price from fair price shop it is provide objective.
(c) Price at these shops are less in comparison to the prices in the open market.
(d) Government pays the difference between the original price and rate of items at fair price shop. This amount is called subsidy.
(e) The public distribution system has become a maintaining the living standard of poor people in the situation of artificial scarcity.
(iv) Describe the reasons of consumer exploitation.
Ans : (a) Consumer is himself/herself responsible : Traders, producers, organizers take undue advantage of consumers by exploiting them in different ways because of ignorance, lack of awareness, illiteracy, lack of tendency to become organized and oppose, lack of preparation against exploitation.
(b) Limited information : The producers and sellers are free to produce of sell any commodity in any quantity. There are no specific rules regarding their pricing and quality. Limited information make mistake.
(c) Limited supply : When supply of product is not in accordance with demand, artificial scarcity is created. In this situation traders take on due advantage by over pricing.
(d) Limited competition : When a single producer or group of producer have their monopoly in the production and sale of a commodity then due to lack of other alternative producer exploits the consumer is different ways.
(v) Who can file a complaint ? Describe the information included in complaint.
Ans: (a) Consumer himself (b) Central Government, State government (c) Consumer society (d) Any member of the family of person who has purchase the product. (e) A victim may file complaint in simple and clear language, either type or hand written or through mail. (f) Write detailed description of complaint and give the reason for complaining clearly. (g) Never give original evidence. (h) Enclose bill, receipt of payments. (i) Enclose copy of conditions mention by seller copy of advertisement, pamphlet, prospectus. (j) Consumer may lodge a complaint with in 2 years of emergence of reason of complaint.
(vi) Clarify the role of consumer societies in providing consumer protection.
Ans: (a) Government recognized consumer societies have been established at Taluka, district, state or national level. (b) The consumer societies are non-political, non-commercial, voluntary organization set up by consumers. (c) It is bring awareness about consumer rights and encourage them to help Government to protect from time to time. (d) It gives suggestions to the Government regarding need to change legislative provisions. (e) These consumer societies provide consumer education through consumer awareness program which provides guidance on main subject like right of consumer. (f) They are helpful in elimination of complaints of consumers.
(3) Answer the following question in short.
(i) Why has it become necessary to control price rise?
Ans: Continuous price rise causes massive, far reaching and adverse effects on economy and social life of people. To avoid these effects the need of price control has arisen we will understand the effects of price rise.
(ii) Describe the effects of price rise on capital investment.
Ans: Capital investment unuseful and luxury items reduce, license or permit system is implemented and government encourages capital investment in which the productive form of Agriculture and industrial products increase. Production of essential goods increases.
(iii) What is the role of price mechanism system in price regulation.
Ans: To prevent hoarding and to maintain the prices of essential goods at reasonable level and to ensure their easy availability, the government fixes the prices of the commodities. It asks the traders to sell the goods at fixed prices.
(iv) Who is consumer?
Ans: The person who pays the value of product either in the form of installments or hire purchase system or hires a services either receives a service is called consumer.
(v) Give information about ISI, ECO, FPO, AGMARG.
Ans: ISI – The goods that meet the standard and quality are to use ISI mark.
ECO – It is given to soap, detergent, paper lubricating oil, power coating, cosmetic.
FPO – It is used on Jam, fruit juice, fruits or vegetables packed in tin.
AGMARK – Agriculture product like forest products, horticulture and animal product use mark of AGMARK.
(4) Choose the correct alternative and answer the following questions.
(i) Government decides the prices of which products ?
Ans: Petrol-Diesel
(ii) Increase by government in supply of what leads to price rise.
Ans: Money
(iii) Due to prediction that prices are going to rise in future what do the people do ?
Ans: Hoarding
(iv) 15th march is celebrated as which day in India.
Ans: World consumer day
(v) Which organization has been set up by central Government for consumer related laws.
Ans: Consumer protection commission
(vi) Which periodical is published for consumer education and awareness ?
Ans: Insight
(vii) Which is the voluntary organization regulating the quality of edible items ?
Ans: CAC