Gujarat Board Class 10 Solution Social Science Chapter 5 India’s Heritage of Science and Technology Exercise Solution here in this Post.
Board |
GSEB Gujarat State |
Textbook |
10 Class |
Medium |
English |
Subject |
Social Science |
Chapter |
5 |
Chapter Name |
India’s Heritage of Science and Technology |
Gujarat Board Class 10 Social Science Chapter 5 India’s Heritage of Science and Technology Solution:
(1) Answer the following questions in detail:
(i) Write about the contribution made by ancient India in Metallurgy.
Ans: In ancient time people of India use metallurgy in their practical life. Ancient India made extraordinary progress in the field of metallurgy. Metallic idol of female dancer discover from Indus valley civilization statues of Buddha belonging to the Kushan period have been found at Takshishila. In south India, during the chola period metal idols were made. The statue of Natraj is a masterpiece is it famous all over the world. It is preserved in a museum at Chennai. Another metal idol Rum-The archer, can be seen birds, animals best example of metallic art all of them have important place in the history of India.
(ii) Write about the development in chemistry achieved by ancient India.
Ans: Chemistry is a experimental science. This science is very useful for minerals, plants, seeds for agriculture, making of various metals or bring changes in them chemistry is also useful for making medicine. Acharya Nagarjun learn Buddhist university of Nalanda it called Acharya field of chemistry. He had written books like ‘Rasaratnakar’ and Arogyamanjari. He is advocated to use of Alopathy with herbal medicines. It is believed that the use of mercury ash as medicine was initiated by him. Nalanda university is school of chemistry and funace for study and research. Main descriptions of rasa, uprasa, ten types of poisions, various types of salts and ash of minerals is seen n chemistry. The copper statues of Buddha reflect an expert knowledge and skill in the field of chemistry Nalanda is the best example of alchemical lore of India.
(iii) Discuss ancient India’s progress in Medical science and surgery.
Ans: India attained unprecedented achievement in the field of medicine and surgery. In ancient period maharshi charak, Maharshi sushrut and Vagbhatta pioneered the Indian medicine science and surgery through their intense researches and reached to the greatest high. Maharshi charak write book charak samhita in which he has mentioned over 2000 medicinal herbs. Maharshi sushrut mention instruments used in surgery. Vagbhatta write book vagbhatta samhita is very important work. Study of charak samhita, shushrut samhita and vagbhatta samhita is very useful for every doctor. Hindu herbal science of ancient time is enriched collection of minerals and medicines from plants and animals. This has details of complicated process of making medicines their classification and their usage. They skill fully operate on abdomen, Kidney, cataract, hernia, stone, piles and bladder. They recognize symptoms and diagnose the disease. They had knowledge of plastic surgery and joining nose and ears. They conducted risky operations during delivery. They were expert gunaecologists and paediatricians. Vaterinary science also developed in ancient India.
(iv) Write about the scientific heritage of ancient India.
Ans: Ancient India have gifted invaluable heritage of science to the world. They have mad contribution in the field of metallurgy. Chemistry, Science of medicine, surgery, mathematics, Astronomy, Astrology, Vastushashtra and Physics. It is matter of great pride for us. India has contributed in the field of science and technology. India has scientific attitude along with religious outlook.
(2) Answer the following questions point wise.
(i) Write about the progress made by ancient India in Mathematics.
Ans: The gifts of India to the world are discovery of zero, decimal systems, Algebra, theorem of Boddhayan, Geometry and Arithmetic Aryabhatta discovered the zero. The process of writing zero after figure was discovered by the sage name ‘Grutsamad. The ancient Indian mathematicians have decided the names of the numbers made up by placing 53 zero after one. Decimal system have seen for measuring and wishing instruments. Which found in ‘Horappa’ and Moha-Jo-Daro. Bhaskaracharya discovered signs of addition (+) and subtraction (-). They are discovered theorem cringle policy. Aryabhatta had mention the value of π (Pie) is 22/7 (3.14) in his book ‘Aryabhattiyam. Multiplication, addition, subtraction, square root, cube root, Ashtang method introduced by Aryabhatta. Asyathatta is known as the father of mathematics. He found solution of fundamentals of mathematic, Arithmetic and Geometry.
(ii) Write a short note on Astronomy of ancient India.
Ans : Astronomy is the most ancient science. Many Grantha related to Astronomy had been written in India. Aryabhatta make a remarkable contribution in the field of Astronomy the first Indian satellite was name ‘Aryabhatta’ on his name. He declare that the earth rotates on its own axis and he proved that the basic reason. Brahmagupta popularized are laws of gravitation in his book ‘Brahmasiddhant’. Varahmihir was the great astrologer and Astronomer. He divided Astrology into 3 sections like Tantra, Hora and samhita. His Grantha name ‘Brihadsamhito’ gives information about effects of planets on man’s future, his characteristics, classes of Animals, time of marriage, ponds, wells, gardens we all feel proud that our ancestors were experts in the sciences.
(iii) Write contribution of India in the field of astrology.
Ans: Varahmihir was the great Astrologer and Astronomer. Varahmihir was divided astrology into 3 sections – Tantra, Hora, samhita. His Grantha name ‘Brihadsamhita’ give information about effects of planets on man’s future his characteristic, classes of Animals, time of marriage, ponds, wells, gardens and good omen for sawing. We feel proud that our ancestors were experts in the sciences.
(iv) Which information are included in Vastushastra?
Ans: There is contribution of Ancient India in the field of Vastushashtra. It is inseparable part of Astrology. Brahma, Narad, Bruhspate, Bhrugu, Vashishtha and Vishwakarma have made unique contribution in Vatushastra. Principles of construction for dwellings, temple, palace, ashwashala, forts, town planning description of vastushashtra mention in ‘Brihat samhita’. Vishwakarma divided vastushashtra into eight sections information of vastishashtra like selection of place, shapes, structure, proper planning of things, temples, Bhramsthan, dining room, bedroom are mention. As the time passes by changes are taking place regarding the principles and understanding of Vastushashtra. It is practical knowledge which is rarely seen in the other countries of world.
(3) Answer the following questions in short :
(i) What is meant by science and technology?
Ans: Science means systematic ‘knowledge’ and technology means the practical utility of systematic knowledge. Science and technology are linked to each other.
(ii) Write about the contribution of Nagarjuna in the field of chemistry.
Ans: Acharya Nagarjuna learned Buddhist of Nalanda university is known as Acharya in the field of chemistry. He had write books like ‘Rasaratnakar’ and Arogyamanjari. He advocated the use of Alopathy along with herbal medicines.
(iii) Write a note on discoveries made by Aryabhatta in mathematics.
Ans: Aryabhatta discovered zero the process of writing zero after figures was discovered by the sage named ‘Grutsamad’. Multiplication, addition, subtraction, square root, cube root introduced by Aryabhatta in his work Aryabhatta known as ‘Father of Mathematics’.
(iv) Into how many sections is astrology divided ?
Ans: There are 3 sections astrology divided Tantra, Hora and Samhita.
(v) Name the pioneers of Vastushastra ?
Ans: The pioneers of the vastushatra are Brahma, Narad, Bruhspati, Bhrugu, Vashishtha and Vishwakarma.
(4) Choose the correct option from the following to answer the following question.
(i) Which sculpture has international significance from the art point of view?
(A) Buddha
(B) Nataraja
(C) Bodhigaya
(D) Ram-the archer.
Ans: (B) Nataraja
(ii) Which is not correct statement from the following ?
(A) Nagarjuna is considered as a Acharya of chemistry.
(B) The use of mercury ash a medicine has been initiated by Nagarjuna.
(C) Chemistry is not a science of experiment.
(D) Description of metallic ashes is seen in the works (Book) of chemistry.
Ans: (C) Chemistry is not a science of experiment.
(iii) Maharshi charak : charak samhita, maharshi shushrut …..
(A) Shushrut samhita
(B) Charak shastra
(C) Vagbhatta samhita
(D) Shushrut shastra
Ans: (A) Shushrut samhita
(iv) In the class of a school various students discuss about mathematics which one is true among them?
Shreya : Bhaskaracharya had written book named ‘Lilawati Ganiti and Bij Ganit’.
Yash : Boddhayan discovered decimal system.
Mansi : Aryabhatta is acknowledge as a father of mathematics.
Harda : India discovered zero (0)
(A) Yash
(B) Harda
(C) Shreya
(D) Shreya, Mansi, Harda
Ans: (C) Shreya
(v) Book written by Brahmbhava Panchal is …..
(A) Chikitsasongraha
(B) Prajonan shastra
(C) Kamasutra
(D) Yantra Sarvaswa
Ans: (B) Prajonan shastra
(vi) In ancient India, who wrote ‘Brahmsidhant’ which declares the law of gravitation ?
(A) Brahmgupta
(B) Vastshayan
(C) Grutsamad
(D) Maharshi Patanjali
Ans: (A) Brahmgupta
(vii) Which science from the following suggest about the principle of direction while constructing temples, palaces, ashwashala, fort etc ?
(A) Mathematics
(B) Chemistry
(C) Science of Medicine
(D) Vastushastra
Ans: (D) Vastushastra