Chhattisgarh State Board Class 10 Social Science Chapter 16 Democracy and Social Movements Exercise Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blanks, Questions and Answers here.
Chhattisgarh State Class 10 Social Science Chapter 16 Solution
Multiple choice type questions
1.) 2
2.) 3
3.) 4
4.) 4
5.) 3
6.) 1
7.) 4
8.) 4
9.) 3
10.) 4
Fill in the blanks.
1.) women
2.) Nuclear Disarmament Day
3.) Aldermaston
4.) Bauxite
5.) Nevada
6.) PESA Act
7.) 2005
8.) England
9.) Japan
Answer the following questions.
1.) Committee of 100 was established by Bertrand Russel, a well-known philosopher. It was an anti-war group who staged protests the nuclear establishments of England. It was not a successful movement because it had no leadership hierarchy neither a formal membership. People in the group were also not aware about the clear objectives of the movements because of which many misconceptions grew which led to the failure of the movement.
2.) Peace movement of disarmament started in Japan because Japan faced massive destruction in the end of the second world war when America dropped two nuclear bombs on it. Because of this strong anti-nuclear weapons protest found strong grounds here. They established a unified ‘Japanese Council against Atomic and Hydrogen Bombs’ and it was the first large scale anti-nuclear weapons campaign.
3.) Peace movements are large scale campaigns which are organised to stop the spread of war, violence etc. It is aimed at establishing peace and to stop arms build up across the countries. The main objectives of the peace movements are prohibiting the use of nuclear weapons, encouragement of disarmament and bring an end to war. They undertake various activities like establishing peace camps, support anti-war candidate in elections, carry out critical studies and analysing the security and disarmament policies of different governments.
4.) Right to information Act was implemented in the entire country in 2005. It increases the public disclosure of the government and ensures transparency in the democratic system. It helps people to get aware about the happening of the country and performance of the government on various fronts like social, economic, and political. Under this any individual can take any information from the government and check the documents if needed. It is also helpful in providing the correct information to the public.
5.) Jan sunwai or public hearing is the method of the public participation in the democratic processes. A public hearing is conducted by organising a public gathering and looking into the demands and problems of the people through discussing with them. In Kot Kirana Public Hearing it was highlighted that many government projects undertook by the government were not implemented and because of the nexus between panchayat members and government officials’ money was taken from the government which has never reached the common people.
6.) In 2013 Supreme Court passed a judgement under which it said that according to the provisions of PESA Act the 12 village panchayats would decide whether they would permit mining operations by the Vedanta group in the Niyamgiri area or not. These panchayats voted against the mining operations unanimously. This protest helped them to protect their traditional rights over the natural resources of the region.
7.) Niyamgiri Hills are in Odisha, and it is a mineral rich region. It contains abundant ores of bauxite. Many tribes live here like Dongria Kondh, Kutia Kondh, Niyam Dongar etc.
8.) In 2013 Supreme Court passed a judgement under which it said that according to the provisions of PESA Act the 12 village panchayats would decide whether they would permit mining operations by the Vedanta group in the Niyamgiri area or not.
9.) The small farmers and agricultural labourers of the drought prone regions like Ajmer, Bhilwara, Pali and Rajsamand of Rajasthan are dependent upon the government’s famine relief programmes. Government implements various drought relief programs which are aimed at providing livelihood to the people affected by droughts. It is mostly planned and implemented by the panchayats.
10.) Muster roll is an official record in which daily work done is mentioned. It is maintained by the government to maintain day to day records of the work done. In the demand for Right to Information, farmers started demanding the records of muster roll from which they came to know about the corrupt practices which were adopted like excess payment for less amount of work, fraudulent payments etc.
11.) Ajmer, Bhilwara, Pali, Rajsamand, Jaipur, Udaipur etc are the districts of Rajasthan. Ajmer, Bhilwara, Pali and Rajsamand are the drought prone districts of Rajasthan, and the small farmers and agricultural labourers of the region are dependent upon the drought relief programmes of the government for the relief efforts.
12.) Nuclear bombs create widespread deaths and destructions. Some of its important harmful effects are-
- Large scale deaths and exposure to nuclear radiations causes prolonged diseases and disabilities. It releases large amount of heat and radiations.
- Release of large-scale nuclear radiations causes changes in human genetic material which results lethal changes in future generations and expose them to various diseases.
- It causes large scale loss to infrastructure and other facilities.
- Air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution etc is observed after the nuclear radiations.
- It causes problems like lung injuries, ear damage, internal bleeding etc.
13.) Disarmament means abandoning the heavy weapons and artilleries and working towards peace efforts. It also includes abandoning nuclear weapons. For example, The Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament in England which advocated to abstain from any attempt to produce or experiment nuclear weapons and abolishing all types of nuclear weapons. America observes June 20, 1983, as Nuclear Disarmament Day. It also saw a peaceful movement to abolish nuclear weapons.
Additional questions and Answers:
Mcq
1.) Niyamgiri Hills are found in the state of
a.) Odisha
b.) Jharkhand
c.) Chhattisgarh
d.) Rajasthan
2.) Which company got the mining rights in Niyamgiri Hills?
a.) Tata group
b.) Vedanta group
c.) Adani group
d.) Aditya Birla group
3.) Which one of the following is not a tribe living in Niyamgiri Hill areas?
a.) Dongria Kondh
b.) Kutia Kondh
c.) Munda
d.) None of the above
4.) The Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan was established in which year?
a.) 1980
b.) 1990
c.) 1970
d.) 2000
5.) The Right to Information Act was passed in which year?
a.) 2001
b.) 2002
c.) 2003
d.) 2005
6.) The Aldermaston march was conducted for.
a.) Against nuclear weapons
b.) Against civil war
c.)) Against capitalist economy
d.) Against socialist economy
7.) Where did the first large scale anti-nuclear weapons protest take place?
a.) England
b.) America
c.) Japan
d.) India
8.) Women Strike for peace took place in which country?
a.) England
b.) America
c.) Japan
d.) India
9.) Nevada is located in.
a.) England
b.) America
c.) Japan
d.) India
10.) Which act gives special powers to village areas having Adivasi population?
a.) RTI Act
b.) PESA Act
c.) PSEA Act
d.) None of the above
Very short
1.) Niyamgiri Hills are famous for production of which ore?
Bauxite ore
2.) The committee of 100, an anti-war group was established by whom?
Bertrand Russell
3.) The campaign of nuclear disarmament started in which country?
England
4.) Which Day was celebrated as nuclear disarmament day?
June 20, 1983
5.) What was the aim of Campaign of Nuclear Disarmament?
It demanded that England should abstain from development of nuclear weapons and should abolish all type of nuclear weapons.
6.) What are peace movements?
Peace movements are organised movements which aim to stop wars, stop acts of violence, and stop arms build up in countries.
7.) Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan was formed under the leadership of whom?
Various civil society organisations
8.) What were the demands of Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan?
They demanded for right to information and due wages of labourers.
9.) Adivasis depend on which resources for their livelihood?
They depend on forests, wildlife, rivers, streams, forest produce etc for their livelihood.
10.) What is the full form of PESA Act?
Panchayat (Extension to Schedule Areas) Act
Short
1.) What are social movements? Give an example.
Social movements are the collective movement of people of an area or a social group to fight for their demands. For example, Dongria Kondh movement in Niyamgiri against the Vedanta group to stop the mining and environmentally exploiting activities.
2.) Name two active organizations which played a significant role in abolishing nuclear weapons?
Green Party was active in western countries, and the Canadian Green Peace Research Association were active in peace campaigning and led the initiative for abolishing nuclear weapons.
3.) Why was Japan facing strong anti-nuclear movement?
Japan was witnessing a strong anti-nuclear weapons movement because it has a horrifying history of nuclear destruction when America dropped two nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945.
4.) Aldermaston march took place where?
The Aldermaston march took place in England, and it was a march demanding the abolishing of nuclear weapons. In this thousand of activists gathered and took a march from London to the Atomic Weapons Research Establishment in Aldermaston in Berkshire.
5.) What are the purposes of public hearing?
Public hearing is a method of public participation in the democratic setup. It ensures public accountability and participation in the functioning of the government. It is also known as jan sunwai.
6.) What was the role of the Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan in the Right to Information campaign?
The Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan (MKSS) led an agitation demanding for the right to information. It staged a protest in Jaipur where people from different regions participated.
7.) What is the role of panchayats in providing drought relief?
The farmers of drought prone regions of Rajasthan are dependent on the government for their relief projects. These relief projects are planned and implemented by the Panchayat government.
8.) What was the first large scale anti-nuclear weapons campaign?
The first large scale anti-nuclear weapons campaign took place in Japan. In 1954, the Japanses people established a unified ‘Japanese Council against Atomic and Hydrogen bombs’ which led the strong anti-nuclear weapons campaign.
9.) Who was Bertrand Russell?
Bertrand Russell was a well-known philosopher who served as the president of CND. He started a committee known as ‘Committee of 100’ to stage protests about the nuclear weapons development in England.
10.) How did the anti-nuclear weapons protest take place in America?
Anti-nuclear weapons protests took place in America at the peak of Cold War. Here the American women launched the ‘Women strike for peace’ movement by marching around the 60 US cities.
Long
1.) What was the main reason behind the movement in Niyamgiri Hills?
Niymagiri Hills lie in the Odisha state, and they are rich in bauxite reserves. So, the Odisha government allowed the open cast bauxite mining in the area by the Vedanta group. The local inhabitants of the Niyamgiri Hill area opposed this project because they found it environmentally degrading, and they lost their livelihood because of the mining activities. So, the Dongria Kondh, Kutia Kondh etc. tribes of the area staged a protests about this.
2.) Explain the importance of forests for the tribal population of Odisha.
Forests are the source of livelihood for the tribal population of Odisha. They depend on forests for natural resources like food, fuel, fodder etc. They depend on forests, wildlife, rivers, streams, forest produce etc for their livelihood. Forests are also of religious importance to the tribal population because the Niyam Dongar gets its name from the Niyam Raja Penu who along with Darini Penu and other gods, is worshipped by the Adivasi population of the region.
3.) How did the demand of the right to information gain national momentum?
Earlier the right to information was only demanded for the payment of wages and the prevalent corruption in Panchayat. But with the disclosure of more and more corruption cases public hearings started and people started demanding all the information about work records free and effectively. While Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan realized that the government officers would not provide these details easily, so they staged a strong protest in Jaipur regarding the same. Slowly the wave of right to information spread to other regions also and it led to enactment of Right to Information Act in 2005.
4.) How did the anti-nuclear weapons movement take place in Japan?
Japan faced the massive destruction because of the nuclear weapons when America dropped two nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945. The Japanese people established a ‘Japanese council against Atomic and Hydrogen bombs. They also staged protests in some of the nuclear weapons testing facilities in the Pacific Ocean and started a signature campaign, which collected around 35 lakh signatures to show resentment against the development of nuclear weapons.
5.) What are peace movements and what are different kinds of peace movements?
Peace movements are the movements aimed at world peace. They are instrumental in managing wars and establishing peace. It is usually associated with campaigns and organized attempts to stop wars, stop acts of violence during wars and to stop arms build up by countries. It aims to establish global peace by halting the use of nuclear weapons and encouraging disarmament and bringing an end to war. If takes place in various forms like peace march, rallies, protests, signature movement, campaigns etc.
Chapter 12 |
The Making of the Indian Constitution |
Chapter 13 |
The Constitution, Government System and their Social Concerns |
Chapter 14 |
Democracy In Independent India and the Working of Political Institution |
Chapter 15 |