Chhattisgarh State Board Class 10 Social Science Chapter 13 The Constitution, Government System and their Social Concerns Exercise Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blanks, Questions and Answers here.
Chhattisgarh State Class 10 Social Science Chapter 13 Solution
Exercise
1.) Decentralisation of powers is necessary in democracy in order to ensure the maximum participation of the citizens. Democracy becomes stronger when it is decentralised. The more the power is decentralised to the lowest more is the participation of the people. At the time of independence power was decentralised at two levels- the central level and the state level. With the passage of the 73rd amendment Act in 1993 the constitution decentralised its powers to the third level, i.e., the village panchayats.
2.) Constitution of India provides some judicial role to the Parliament of India like debates on the proposal of removal of President, Vice President, removal of any High Court or Supreme Court judge from their post, removal of speaker of Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha etc. This role is given to the Parliament and not to the Supreme Court because they hold a constitutional position which directly gains its powers from the People of India. To make them more accountable the power of their removal is also laid to the Parliament.
3.) No, directly electing the Prime Minister and the Council of Ministers would cause excessive concentration of powers in India, which is detrimental for overall growth of the nation. Parliament performs various functions like making laws after due debate and passage by both the houses of the Parliament, it controls the executive and keeps them accountable to the lower house of the Parliament, it prevents the executive to carry out arbitrary expenses, and it acts as the main forum for the debate on national issues and gives representations to every section of the society.
4.)
a.) I absolutely disagree with this statement. The Upper house of Parliament, also known as Rajya Sabha is an important house in the Parliament as it provides representation to the states and to the nominated members from the different fields like art, literature etc. It provides expert opinion and acts as the second house of debate and prevents hasty legislations.
b.) Yes, I agree with this statements. Experts are needed to be nominated in Rajya Sabha because it might always not be possible for them to get elected by the normal process i.e., to win an election. This helps the upper house to have expert opinion and any proposed law to be debated twice.
c.) I disagree with this statement. The upper house of the Parliament is not only the representative of states or provinces it serves other purposes like- it has experts which provide their valued opinion in legislative process, it prevents hasty legislations and provides a second house for debates on the proposed laws etc.
5.) Lok Sabha is the lower house of Parliament, and it performs various functions like-
- It provides representation to the various section of society and provide a platform to voice their opinions.
- It controls the legislative functions, and any bill becomes a law only when it is passed by a required majority of the house.
- It controls the financial expenses of the government.
- It is also a forum of debate, and any significant bill undergoes detailed scrutiny before becoming a law.
Thus, it not only acts as a body to exercise the control over the executive but also as a forum to express the aspirations and feelings of the people.
6.)
a.) Yes, Parliament should work for longer hours and should give due time to debate upon the bills and other national and state issues. If it would work for longer hours, it would give more progressive results and more detailed discussions on any bill would be done.
b.) Yes, a certain percentage of attendance should be made mandatory in the Parliament. As any Member of Parliament represents a designated constituency in the Parliament and because of his absence his/her constituency remains unrepresented. This is against the democratic principle as the citizens of that constituency elected him/her for the same purpose. On the other hand, more the attendance would be in the house, more debates and discussions would be constructive.
c.) Yes, to ensure the sanctity and proper functioning of the house the chairperson should have the right to punish the members who are involved in creating obstacles in the functioning of the house.
7.) Although most of the bills are brought by the ministers, and majority party ensures that bill, but it can become law only after the due discussions and if is passed by the required majority of the house i.e., simple majority or special majority. Bills can also be brought by other members also and all the members are involved in discussions and voting. Many parliamentary committees are also involved in scrutinising the bills and they are made from the members of parliament itself.
8.) D
9.) I do not agree with both the statements because President appoints the leader of the majority party as the Prime Minister of India. But he cannot remove it because the Prime Minister represents the confidence of the people, and he can only be removed when he loses the confidence of the representatives of people. Whereas in the second statement, President is an important part of the executive in India. He is the executive head of the country, and any decisions are taken on his name only. He also has emergency powers, power to issue ordinances, summons and prorogue sessions of the Parliament etc.
10.) Dr APJ Abdul Kalam returned the Parliament (prevention of disqualification) Amendment Bill, 2006 to the Parliament for reconsideration along with his suggestions which were to be specifically addressed for sound implementation of disqualification proceedings and the rationale for office of Profit. This provision was also used during the time of emergency when he returned the bill for reconsideration of the implementation of national emergency. Although that bill was another time, and it was implemented.
11.) Prime Minister is the key functionary in the parliamentary democracy. He is the leader of the majority party which has won the elections. Although constitution of India has put forward many measures which ensure the accountability on the Prime Minister like-
- Prime Minister and his council of ministers are collectively responsible to the lower house of the Parliament.
- Debates in the parliament and measures like zero hour etc.
- Prime Minister can not take any of the decision on his own he has to take decisions with the written concurrence of the council of ministers.
- In case of any arbitrary decision the council of ministers can face no confidence motion in the house.
- Council of Ministers also face no confidence motion in the case of defeat of any major policy bill.
12.) Administrative executive is responsible to the political executive and the political executive is responsible to the lower house of the parliament. Administrative executive are the government servants who execute the policies framed by the government and they are directly responsible to the cabinet ministers who are holding the portfolios. Political executive is the cabinet ministers who are collectively responsible to the lower house of the Parliament.
13.) C
14.) Independence of judiciary means the functioning of judiciary is independent from the influence of the legislature and executive, and it works to implement the rule of law. Under the principle of the rule of law every citizen of the country independent of his/her gender, race, caste, creed, and economic situation etc. is held equal in the eyes of the law. Judiciary protects the rights of the individuals, resolves conflicts according to the law of the country. Judges are appointed on the recommendation of the chief justice of India and a collegium system was put forward to ensure its independence. They have a fixed tenure, and the ground of their removal is mentioned in the constitution.
15.) Various provisions are mentioned in the constitution which ensure the independence of the Judiciary in India like-
- Judges of High Court and Supreme court have a fixed tenure.
- Their grounds of removal and the method of removal are mentioned in the constitution.
- Collegium system is implemented for the appointment of Judges. The judge of the supreme court and high courts are appointed on the recommendation of the chief justice of India.
- Executive and legislature cannot interfere in the functioning of the courts.
16.) The constitution has various provisions which aims to bring social change in the society. Additionally, it has been amended from time to time to meet the requirements of the present scenario. Like after independence in 1951 government abolished Zamindari to ensure economic and social equality. It has also fundamental rights like right to equality, religious rights and rights against exploitation which foster the constructive changes in the society. It also has the Directive Principles of the State Policy which enumerates various social objectives which are to be achieved by the government. Furthermore, constitution provides for special provisions for the scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and socially and educationally backward classes for their upliftment. Conclusively it can be said that the Constitution of India ensures overall development, and it does not favour the upper sections of the society only.
Additional Extra questions & Answers:
Mcq
1.) Panchayati raj was introduced in the Indian constitution through which amendment?
a.) 71st amendment Act
b.) 73rd amendment Act
c.) 86th amendment Act
d.) 66th amendment Act
Answer: B
2.) India has
a.) Complete separation of powers
b.) No separation of powers
c.) Limited separation of powers
d.) Presidential system
Answer: C
3.) We have a parliamentary system in which judiciary is
a.) Dependent
b.) Independent
c.) Limited independence
d.) None of the above
Answer: B
4.) The council of ministers is answerable to
a.) The President
b.) The Prime Minister
c.) The speaker
d.) The Parliament
Answer: D
5.) President of India is elected through.
a.) Direct elections
b.) Indirect elections
c.) Nomination
d.) None of the above
Answer: B
6.) What can be the maximum strength of the Council of States?
a.) 200
b.) 230
c.) 220
d.) 250
Answer: D
7.) Who nominates members to the Rajya Sabha?
a.) Parliament
b.) President
c.) Vice President
d.) Speaker Lok Sabha
Answer: B
8.) To become a member of Rajya Sabha minimum age of the candidate should be
a.) 20 years
b.) 25 years
c.) 28 years
d.) 30 years
Answer: D
9.) Members of which of the following body are not elected directly.
a.) Lok Sabha
b.) State Legislative Assembly
c.) Panchayats
d.) Rajya Sabha
Answer: D
10.) Who can propose a bill in the legislature?
a.) President
b.) Members of Parliament
c.) Prime Minister
d.) Both b and c
Answer: D
Very short
1.) What are the three branches of government?
Legislature, executive and Judiciary
2.) In India what are the three levels of delegation of power?
Central level, State level and Panchayats
3.) Why executive is dependent on legislature?
Executive is dependent on legislature because it is a part of legislature itself and is answerable to it.
4.) Name the two houses of Parliament?
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
5.) How many candidates are nominated in the Rajya Sabha?
12
6.) What is quorum?
The minimum number of members which should be present to proceed with the meeting of the house is known as quorum.
7.) Who is the chairperson of Rajya Sabha?
Vice President of India is the ex-officio chairman of Rajya Sabha
8.) What is federal rule?
The division of powers between the centre and states is known as federal rule.
9.) Who governs the oath of President?
Chief Justice of India
10.) What is the minimum age to become the Prime Minister of India?
35 years
Short
1.) What is separation of powers?
The division of different powers to different organs of government is known as separation of power. The government has three kinds of powers- formulating laws, implementing laws, and dispensing justice. Laws are formulated by Legislature, laws are implemented by administrative machinery, and justice is administered by the Supreme Court, High Courts, and Lower courts.
2.) What was the opinion of Gandhi ji regarding delegation of powers in the democratic system?
Gandhi ji visualized swarajya or self-rule as the main aim Indian freedom struggle. He advocated for more power to the village panchayats, so they could become more independent and self-sufficient.
3.) What is the status of separation of power in Indian democratic setup?
India has a limited separation of power because the executive in the Indian democratic system is a part of legislature itself because of which there is no clear division of power between them.
4.) What are the features of parliamentary democracy?
Parliamentary democracy has an independent judiciary, executive is the part of legislature itself. In this system Parliament is the law-making body and the due process of law is adopted for formulating and implementing any policy decision.
5.) What are the special features of Indian parliament?
Indian parliament is made up of lower house and upper house. The lower house is known as Lok Sabha and the upper house is known as Rajya Sabha. The Indian parliament represents the will of the people, and it is the foundation of the India’s political system.
6.) What are the functions of Parliament?
Parliament is the main policy formulating body. It discusses important issues of national interest. It has representatives of different constituencies, and it discusses policy matters, law related proposals, and cabinet proposals before approving them.
7.) What are the benefits of two houses of Parliament?
The lower house of the parliament represents the people’s will and the upper house of the parliament represents states. The upper house of the parliament is necessary as it provides an opportunity for expert opinion in policy formulation. It has many experts like scientists, legal experts, industrialists etc.
8.) What are indirect elections? Who is elected by indirect elections?
When the representatives elected by people elect the other representatives are known as indirect elections. Members like president, vice president, Rajya Sabha members etc. are elected indirectly.
9.) What do you mean by a federal rule?
The division of legislative powers between the central and the state government is known as federal rule. This division of power gains its sanctity from the constitution itself and no organ of the government has absolute powers.
10.) What are the exclusive powers of President?
The constitution of India does not specifically specify about the powers of the President. But the president convenes the sessions of the Parliament and can dissolve the Lok Sabha in special circumstances. He usually takes decisions on the advice of the Prime Minister.
Long
1.) What are the legislative functions of Parliament?
Parliament performs various legislative functions like-
- Drafting a major policy bill and introducing it in the house of the Parliament.
- Discussing the major policy bills and other matters of national importance.
- Examining the utility and sanctity of bills by parliamentary sub-committees.
- Passing the bills through majority of votes.
2.) What are the judicial powers of Parliament?
The various judicial powers of Parliament are-
- Parliament controls the removal of speaker Lok Sabha and Chairman of Rajya Sabha.
- It conducts an enquiry for the removal of President, vice president, Judges High court, and Supreme court.
- It also votes for the removal of the executive and holds the executive responsible for its functions.
3.) What are the qualifications to become a President of India and how he is elected?
The qualifications to become a President of India are-
- He/she must be of a minimum of 35 years of age.
- He/she must be qualified to become a member of Lok Sabha
- He/she should be a citizen of India.
He/she is elected by indirect elections through the method of proportional representation through single transferrable vote. Member of both the houses of Parliament and State legislatures vote in the election process of President. He/she is sworn in by the chief justice of Supreme court and has a tenure of five years.
4.) How is the Prime Minister of India elected?
Prime Minister of India is the leader of majority party in Lok Sabha. He is appointed by the President after securing the majority. He holds his office till the confidence of the Lok Sabha and must resign if he has lost the confidence of Lok Sabha. The minimum age to become the Prime Minister is 25 years and he must be qualified to become a member of Lok Sabha. Usually, the term of Lok Sabha is five years, but it can be dissolved under special circumstances.
5.) What is the importance of election commission of India?
Elections are the essential part of any democratic system and in India elections are conducted by the election commission of India. It elects the members of Lok Sabha, legislative assemblies, the President, the vice president, member of Rajya Sabha etc. It is a constitutional body which gains its power from Article 324 of the India constitution. It is a 4-member body- one Chief Election Commissioner and three election commissioners. They are appointed by the President of India. It has various important functions like voter education, preparation of electoral rolls, registration of political parties, allotment of election symbols, preparing model code of conduct, cancelling elections, and organizing by-elections, making arrangement for conducting elections etc.
Previous Chapters Question Answer:
Chapter 10 |
End of Colonialism and the Cold War |
Chapter 11 | |
Chapter 12 |