Case Study Questions Class 10 Social Science Geography Chapter 4 Agriculture
CBSE Class 10 Case Study Questions Social Science Geography Agriculture. Important Case Study Questions for Class 10 Board Exam Students. Here we have arranged some Important Case Base Questions for students who are searching for Paragraph Based Questions Agriculture.
At Case Study Questions there will given a Paragraph. In where some Important Questions will made on that respective Case Based Study. There will various types of marks will given 1 marks, 2 marks, 3 marks, 4 marks.
Case Study 1:
Jhum cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation or slash-and-burn farming, is a traditional agricultural practice prevalent in northeastern India, particularly in states like Nagaland, Mizoram, and Manipur. This centuries-old method involves clearing a patch of forest, burning the vegetation, and using the ashes as natural fertilizers. Farmers then cultivate various crops, including rice, maize, and vegetables, in this nutrient-rich soil. While jhum cultivation has sustained indigenous communities for generations, it poses environmental challenges like deforestation and soil degradation. Recognizing these issues, efforts are underway to promote sustainable alternatives, such as terrace farming and agroforestry, to protect the fragile ecosystem while preserving the cultural significance of jhum cultivation. Balancing tradition with sustainability is essential to ensure food security and conserve the biodiversity of India’s northeastern regions.
Q1) Write about various regional names given to jhum cultivation in India? 2
Answer In India, this form of cultivation is called ‘Bewar’ or ‘Dahiya’ in Madhya Pradesh, ‘Podu’ or ‘Penda’ in Andhra Pradesh, ‘Pama Dabi’ or ‘Koman’ or Bringa’ in Odisha, ‘Kumari’ in Western Ghats, ‘Valre’ or ‘Waltre’ in South-eastern Rajasthan, ‘Khil’ in the Himalayan belt, ‘Kuruwa’ in Jharkhand, and ‘Jhumming’ in the North-eastern region.
Q2) Write two advantages and disadvantages of Jhum cultivation? 2
Answer
Advantages | Disadvantages |
Jhum cultivation has been practiced for generations by indigenous communities in northeastern India. It is adapted to the local subsistence farming. | Jhum cultivation often involves clearing and burning portions of forests, leading to deforestation and loss of biodiversity. |
Jhum cultivation allows for the cultivation of a variety of crops in the same plot, including rice, maize, vegetables, and pulses. This diversity can help provide a more balanced diet and reduce the risk of crop failure due to pests or weather conditions. | After several cycles of cultivation, the soil in jhum plots can become depleted of nutrients, leading to decreased crop yields. |
Case Study 2:
Farming in India is an integral part of the country’s heritage and economy. With a vast and diverse landscape, India boasts a wide array of agricultural practices, from traditional subsistence farming to modern, technology-driven agriculture. It is the livelihood of millions, contributing significantly to the nation’s GDP.India is a leading producer of various crops, including rice, wheat, sugarcane, and cotton. The Green Revolution of the 1960s and subsequent advancements in farming techniques have transformed the agricultural sector, enhancing productivity.
However, Indian agriculture faces challenges such as water scarcity, land degradation, and the need for sustainable practices. Initiatives like organic farming and crop diversification are gaining momentum to address these issues while ensuring food security for its population of over a billion.Farming in India remains a dynamic sector, balancing tradition with innovation, and plays a pivotal role in the nation’s growth and development.
Q1) Give a brief account of types of farming in India? 2
Answer
Primitive subsistence farming | Agriculture is practised on small patches of land with the help of primitive tools like hoe, dao and digging sticks, and family/community labour. |
Intensive subsistence farming | Labour intensive farming, where high doses of biochemical inputs and irrigation are used for obtaining higher production. |
Commercial farming
|
use of higher doses of modern inputs, e.g. high yielding variety (HYV) seeds, chemical fertilisers, insecticides and pesticides in order to obtain higher productivity |
Q2) What are the challenges in Indian agriculture system. 1
Answer Due to land fragmentation , overuse of fertilizer , non inclusion of mechanization , lending money from landlords or zamindars , labour intensive ,poor productivity India agriculture system in on verge of severe breakdown.
Q3) What do you understand by green revolution with reference to Agriculture in India? 1
Answer The Green Revolution in India, during the 1960s and 1970s, introduced high-yield crop varieties, advanced agricultural practices, and increased mechanization, greatly enhancing food production and improving food security.
Also See: Forest and Wildlife Resource Case Study Questions
Case Study 3:
India’s cropping pattern faces multifaceted challenges that impact both agricultural productivity and food security. These challenges are a result of diverse factors, including climate change, land degradation, water scarcity, and market dynamics. Increasingly erratic weather patterns, prolonged droughts, and extreme rainfall events disrupt crop cycles, leading to lower yields and crop losses Depleting groundwater levels and inefficient irrigation practices pose a significant threat to agriculture. Many regions face acute water shortages, impacting crop choices and productivity. Soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and overuse of chemical fertilizers affect soil health. Sustainable soil management practices are needed to maintain long-term productivity. Overreliance on a few crops in specific regions can lead to vulnerability to pests, diseases, and market fluctuations. Limited access to markets, price volatility, and lack of fair pricing mechanisms can discourage farmers from diversifying crops or adopting new technologies.
Addressing these challenges requires a comprehensive approach, including sustainable farming practices, improved infrastructure, climate-resilient crop varieties, and policies that support small-scale farmers. Balancing tradition with innovation is key to ensuring India’s cropping pattern remains resilient and food-secure
Q1) What do you understand by the term rabi , zaid and kharif in Indian cropping pattern? Mark 1
Answer
Rabi | Rabi crops are sown in winter from October to December and harvested in summer from April to June. Some of the important rabi crops are wheat, barley, peas, gram and mustard. |
Zaid | Short season during the summer months known as the Zaid season. Some of the crops produced during ‘zaid’ are watermelon, muskmelon, cucumber,vegetables and fodder crops. |
Kharif | Kharif crops are grown with the onset of monsoon in different parts of the country and these are harvested in September-October.
Important crops grown during this season are paddy, maize, jowar, bajra, tur (arhar), moong, urad, cotton, jute, groundnut and Soyabean. |
Q2) To overcome the challenges written in paragraph with respect to India cropping pattern suggest some measure initiated by government. Mark 1
Answer Kissan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the Government of India for the benefit of the farmers. Moreover, special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on the radio and television. The government also announces minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.
Q3) What do you understand by the term “Bhoodan – Gramdan”? Mark 2
Answer Bhoodan (land gift) and Gramdan (village gift) were grassroots land reform movements in post-independence India led by social activist Vinoba Bhave. Bhoodan encouraged landlords to voluntarily donate land to landless peasants, while Gramdan extended the concept to entire villages, where residents collectively owned and managed land for equitable and sustainable development.
Case Study 4:
Wheat and rice hold paramount importance in India, not only as staple foods but also as vital components of the nation’s agricultural and economic landscape. Wheat and rice are the mainstay of the Indian diet, providing a significant portion of daily calorie intake for millions. They form the basis of countless traditional dishes, serving as a primary source of sustenance for a large portion of the population. The cultivation and sale of wheat and rice generate income for millions of farming households. India is among the world’s leading producers and consumers of rice and wheat. The surplus production allows for exports, bolstering the nation’s global trade and foreign exchange earnings. Both wheat and rice provide important nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, and various vitamins and minerals, making them essential for a balanced diet. These grains have deep cultural significance, featuring prominently in religious rituals and traditional ceremonies across the country.However, challenges such as climate change, water scarcity, and soil degradation underscore the need for sustainable farming practices and crop diversification to ensure the long-term food security and economic stability of India.
Q1) Give an account of production of wheat and rice in India? Mark 2
Answer India is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China. It requires high temperature, (above 25°C) and high humidity with annual rainfall above 100 cm. Rice is grown in the plains of north and north-eastern India, coastal areas and the deltaic regions.
Wheat is the second most important cereal crop , requires a cool growing season and a bright sunshine at the time of ripening. It requires 50 to 75 cm of annual rainfall evenly distributed over the growing season. There are two important wheat-growing zones in the country – the Ganga-Satluj plains in the north-west and black soil region of the Deccan.
Q2) How green revolution helps to achieve food security of India ? Mark 2
Answer The Green Revolution, particularly in wheat and rice cultivation, introduced high-yield varieties, modern farming practices, and enhanced irrigation. This led to a substantial increase in wheat and rice production, ensuring a stable food supply and bolstering food security in India, a country heavily dependent on these staple grains.
Case Study 5:
Agriculture and society in India share a deeply intertwined relationship that stretches back millennia. This connection is rooted in the fact that agriculture has been the backbone of the Indian economy, culture, and social structure for centuries. Agriculture remains the largest source of livelihood for the majority of India’s population, employing over half of its workforce. The sector contributes significantly to the country’s GDP and serves as a crucial economic foundation. Agriculture is embedded in India’s cultural tapestry, with rituals, festivals, and traditions closely tied to the agricultural calendar. Festivals like Makar Sankranti and Pongal celebrate the harvest season, underscoring the cultural importance of agriculture.
India’s agrarian society has shaped its social structure, with strong bonds between farming communities and extended families. The joint family system often revolves around shared agricultural activities and land ownership.The relationship extends to environmental consciousness, as sustainable farming practices are essential for preserving the land, water, and biodiversity that communities depend on.
Q1) Give an account of various problem faced by farmers of India. Mark 2
Answer Indian farmers face multiple challenges, including:
High input costs and low crop prices often lead to debt traps, Erratic weather patterns and extreme events disrupt farming, Limited access to markets and price volatility affect income, Subdivision of land reduces farm sizes, Insufficient access to modern farming equipment hampers productivity.
Q2) To overcome the problems in Agriculture sector write about various reforms taken by government. Mark 2
Answer Kissan Credit Card (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS) are some other schemes introduced by the Government of India for the benefit of the farmers. Moreover, special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for farmers were introduced on the radio and television. The government also announces minimum support price, remunerative and procurement prices for important crops to check the exploitation of farmers by speculators and middlemen.