2nd PUC English Textbook Answers Everything I need to know I learned in the forest
Here in this page we have given Springs English Textbook for 2nd Year Pre University Course (2nd PUC) Solution for Chapter 4 Everything I need to know I learned in the forest. Here 2nd PUC English Textbook Answers full Solution by Teachers
Comprehension I
1.) Trace the childhood experiences that shaped the author’s interest in ecology.
Ans. Vandana Shiva’s ecological journey started in the forest of the Himalaya. Her mother was a farmer, and her father worked as a forest conservator. It was from the Himalayan forest and ecosystems that she learned most of the things about ecology.
2.) How does the scarcity of water, fodder and fuel affect women?
Ans. Scarcity of water, fodder and fuel meant longer walk for the women to collect these basic things. These things put heavy burden on them.
3.) What features of the ‘Chipko’ movement does the author highlight?
Ans. One of the main features of ‘Chipko’ movement was that it took place in the Himalayas. Also it had major contribution of women peasants.
4.) The real value of forest for women was source of basic needs.
5.) List the activities that Vandana Shiva undertook after her involvement with ‘Chipko’ movement.
Ans. After becoming a volunteer, Vandana Shiva spent every vacation doing pad yatras( walking pilgrimages), documenting the deforestation and the work of the forest activities.
6.) The conservation of biodiversity in agriculture leads to more quality food and higher nutrition.
7.) Why is it important to change the fossil fuel and chemical based monoculture?
Ans. It is important to change the fossil fuel and chemical based monoculture because it increases soil fertility.
8.) What promoted the UN to initiate a discussion on the rights of Mother Earth?
Ans. The united nations general assembly inspired by the constitution of Ecador that has recognized the “Rights of Nature” and the universal declaration of the rights of Mother Earth.
9.) The conference organized by UN General Assembly aimed at transforming domination of people over nature.
10.) What, according to the author, is eco-apartheid? Why is it essential to end this?
Ans. Eco-apartheid means separateness of humans from the nature. Humans don’t consider themselves as a part of the nature and hence they treat the nature very differently. Humans damage the nature. It is essential to end this because if humans keep harming the nature, then the nature will harm us. It is important to protect and conserve the nature.
11.) Which event in human history marked the beginning of separation of humans from nature?
Ans. The industrial revolution marked the beginning of separation of humans from nature.
12.) How do Carolyn Merchant and Francis Bacon differ in their views?
Ans. Francis Bacon who is known as the father of modern science, was of the view that science and inventions that do not ‘merely exert a gentle guidance over nature’s course; they have power to conquer and subdue her, to shake her to her foundations.” On the other hand, Carolyn Merchant was of the view that “one does not readily slay a mother, dig into her entrails for gold, or mutilate her body.”
13.) What ideas of Tagore inspired the author to start the Earth University?
Ans. Rabindranath Tagore started a learning center in Shantiniketan in West Bengal, as a forest school, both to take inspiration from nature and to create an Indian culture renaissance. It teaches the value of freedom. We get lessons of freedom from the nature and this is why Vandana got inspired to start the Earth University.
14.) How are unity and diversity related to each other?
Ans. Both unity and diversity are interrelated to each other. Without unity, diversity becomes a source of conflict and rivalry. On the other hand, unity without diversity becomes the ground for the external control.
Comprehension II
1.) How did the women, led by Bachni Devi, put up resistance to felling of trees? Do you think it was effective?
Ans. Bachni Devi led resistance against her own husband, who had obtained a contract to cut trees. When officials arrived at the forest, the women held up lighted lanterns in a broad daylight. They told the foresters that they had come to teach them forestry and sang in chorus about the importance of the forest. It proved to be effective.
2.) Why is it important to promote biodiversity intensive farming? How did the author achieve it?
Ans. The author’s ecological journey started in the forest of the Himalaya. Then she started saving seeds from farmer’s fields and then realized that they needed a farm for demonstration and training. This made her start Navdanya Farm in 1994 in the Doon valley, located in the lower elevation Himalayan region of Uttarakhand Province. She raised and preserved hundreds of other species in addition to 150 different types of wheat and 630 different varieties of rice. They engage in and advocate for a method of agriculture that maximises biodiversity and yields more food and nutrients per acre. The conservation of biodiversity is the answer to the food and nutrition crisis.
3.) “Rights of Nature” means the duty of human beings to conserve nature.
4.) What does the concept of the Earth University convey? How is this different from that of the other universities?
Ans. The Earth University believes in teaching Earth Democracy, which is the freedom for all species to evolve within the web of life, and the freedom and responsibility of humans , to respect, preserve, and acknowledge the rights of other species as fellow members of the Earth family. In the Earth University, participants learn to work with living seeds, living soil and the web of life.
Comprehension III
1.) “Tagore sees unity with nature as the highest stage of human evolution.” Do you think consumerism and accumulation of wealth come in the way of realizing Tagore’s vision of human evolution?
Ans. Yes, I agree with Tagore’s viewpoint that consumerism and accumulation of wealth come in the way of realizing Tagore’s vision of human evolution.
2.) “The conservation of bio-diversity is the answer to the food and nutrition crisis.” Discuss.
Ans. The practice of biodiversity-intensive form of farming promotes and produces more food and nutrition per acre which in turn help in solving the issue of food and nutrition crisis.
3.) “Conservation of diversity is crucial for the sustenance of both nature and human society.” Discuss.
Ans. Diversity is the key in preserving and conserving the nature. Both nature and human society are interrelated to each other. If we preserve nature, then it will help the human society to develop ecologically. Diversity helps in solving the food and nutrition crisis by ensuring that basic needs are solved. Organic farming helps in conserving biodiversity. Biodiversity also helps in reducing the rate of pollution. Also it is good for the soil and also it helps in the sufficient rainfall. Sufficient rainfall ensures providing basic needs that human need which in turn keep the human society balanced. If we protect our nature, it will give us back many things and the human society will be safe.
4.) In the light of this essay how can one synthesize the wisdom of the past with the modern knowledge systems?
Ans. Past wisdom still serves importance in the modern science too. Even though there is technological progress, past wisdom gives us the deep knowledge about many things. Past wisdom didn’t use chemicals and still it prospered in many ways. The techniques used in the past were more natural and effective. We need to use such cost-effective past methods in the modern times too.
Look up a dictionary and find suitable prefixes for the following words:
1.) Irresponsible – He is an irresponsible man.
2.) Inhuman – Killing animals is such an inhuman act.
- Impractical – We should not have an impractical approach in life.
4.) Unnatural – His smile seemed unnatural.
5.) Inactive – He has been inactive for many days.
6.) Immaterial – The book was immaterial.
7.) Uncivilized – His behavior was so uncivilized.
8.) Imperfect – We live in an imperfect world.
Pick out some suffixes from the essay and use them in your sentences.
1.) Foolish – He is a foolish man.
2.) Intensive – It was an intensive farming.
3.) Conservation- She focused on the conservation of the forest.
4.) Contituttion – Our Constitution has many rights that protect the citizens.
1.) Eco – Systems – All the animals and plants in a particular area considered together with their surroundings
Our earth is a huge ecosystem.
2.) Eco – Centricism – a philosophy focused on considering all natural elements in ecosystems, not simply individual species or land features.
Ecocentricisim focuses on the nature as whole.
3.) Eco- apartheid – belief and activities, which treat nature and humans as separate entities.
We should not follow eco-apartheid.
4.) Bio-diversity – a term used to describe the enormous variety of life on Earth.
We should promote bio-diversity.
5.) Biodiversity – intensive –
6.) Mono-culture – the cultivation or growth of a single crop or organism especially on agricultural or forest land
It is good to avoid mono-culture.
7.) Fossil- fuel – fuels, such as gas, coal, and oil, that were formed underground from plant and animal remains
Natural gas and oil are fossil fuels.