Karnataka SSLC Class 10 Social Science (History) Chapter 5 ‘Social and Religious Reform Movements’ textbook Questions and Answers Solution by Expert Teacher. This Chapter Exercise includes Fill in the blanks, Discuss in groups questions and answers.
- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:-
- The 19th Century is called the period of A Period of Renaissance.
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy started the newspaper Samvada Kaumudi.
- The founder of Prarthana Samaj was Atmaram Panduranga.
- Satyashodak Samaj propagated that freedom was the basic necessity of every
- Swami Vivekananda’s guru was Ramakrishna Paramahamsa
II.) Discuss the following in groups and write the answers:-
1.) What are the preachings of the Brahmo Samaj?
Ram Mohan Roy was one of the important persons in the establishment of Brahmo Samaj. He tried to develop rationalism among people through journalism. Towards that end, he started a newspaper in Bengali called ‘Samvada Kaumudi’. Brahmo Samaj was in the forefront of the social and religious reformation in the 19th Century. It attempted to bring in reforms in the traditions and customs in Hindu religion. It opposed idol-worship and polytheism, and encouraged monotheism. It condemned the performance of yagas and rituals. Since English education exposed Indians to Western political thought, it enabled the development of nationalism among Indians.
2.) Analyse the call of Dayananda Saraswati to return to the Vedas.
He travelled throughout the country giving lectures and emphasized that the Vedas were the source of truth and knowledge. In this context, he advised people to ‘Back to the Vedas’. He condemned idol worship and the caste system. He rejected the innumerable meaningless practices. He encouraged widow marriage. He propounded his teachings in a book called ‘Satyartha Prakasha’. ‘Purification Ritual’ was the main activity of Arya Samaj. Dayananda Saraswati, who was a great patriot, proclaimed that ‘India should be for Indians’.
3.) Explain the reforms propagated by Satyashodhak Samaj.
The Satyashodhak Samaj, founded by social reformer Jyotirao Phule in the 19th century, advocated a series of significant reforms aimed at challenging the oppressive caste system and promoting social equality in India. The Samaj sought to abolish caste-based discrimination by advocating for the rights and upliftment of the marginalized and oppressed castes, especially the Dalits. It championed education for all, regardless of caste or gender, by establishing schools and promoting the spread of knowledge. Additionally, it called for the eradication of regressive social customs like untouchability and promoted inter-caste marriages as a means of breaking down caste barriers. The Satyashodhak Samaj’s reformist agenda played a pivotal role in challenging the traditional social hierarchies and fostering a more inclusive and just society in India.
4.) Analyse the objectives of the Aligarh Movement.
The Aligarh Movement, initiated by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan in the 19th century, aimed to uplift the educational, social, and political status of Muslims in British India. Its primary objectives were to promote modern education among Muslims, especially in the sciences and English language, to bridge the gap between Islamic and Western knowledge, to foster a rational and progressive mindset, and to encourage a sense of unity and participation in the emerging political landscape. By establishing the Aligarh Muslim University, Sir Syed sought to create a platform for quality education and socio-political awareness among Muslims, enabling them to adapt to changing times, gain access to government jobs, and engage constructively with the British colonial rulers while preserving their cultural and religious identity.
5.) Explain the vision of Ramakrishna Mission.
The vision of Ramakrishna Mission is to promote spiritual and moral values, foster harmony among religions, and serve humanity with selfless dedication. Founded by Swami Vivekananda in 1897, it seeks to combine the ideals of renunciation and service, emphasizing the importance of realizing the divinity within every individual. Through its multifaceted activities encompassing education, healthcare, relief work, and spiritual guidance, the mission aims to uplift the human spirit, promote a sense of unity in diversity, and contribute to the betterment of society, ultimately striving for the spiritual and material welfare of all.
6.) Swami Vivekananda was a great inspiration to the youth. Explain.
Swami Vivekananda, a visionary Indian philosopher and spiritual leader of the late 19th century, remains an enduring source of inspiration for youth worldwide. His powerful messages of self-confidence, spiritual awakening, and the potential for greatness within every individual continue to resonate with young people seeking purpose and direction in their lives. Vivekananda’s call to “Arise, awake, and stop not till the goal is reached” serves as a timeless reminder that with determination, self-belief, and a deep connection to one’s inner self, anyone can overcome obstacles and contribute positively to society, making him a perpetual guiding light for the youth.
7.) Which are the reforms brought about by Annie Besant?
Annie Besant was a prominent British socialist, theosophist, and advocate for various social and political reforms in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Her notable contributions included campaigns for workers’ rights, women’s suffrage, and Indian self-rule. In the realm of workers’ rights, she played a crucial role in the match girls’ strike of 1888, leading to improved labor conditions. As a staunch supporter of women’s suffrage, she co-founded the Women’s Freedom League in 1907 to further women’s rights in the UK. Besant’s involvement in the Theosophical Society and her advocacy for Indian self-rule led to her active role in the Indian National Congress, advocating for Indian independence from British colonial rule.
8.) Explain the contributions of Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam.
Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam has made significant contributions to the social and educational upliftment of the Ezhava community in the southern Indian state of Kerala. Founded by social reformer Sree Narayana Guru in the early 20th century, Sri Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam has played a pivotal role in advocating for the rights and dignity of the marginalized Ezhava community, historically subjected to social discrimination. The organization has been instrumental in promoting education, establishing schools, and advocating for the reservation of jobs and educational opportunities for backward communities. SNDP Yogam has also contributed to the spread of Sree Narayana Guru’s philosophy of “One Caste, One Religion, One God for Humanity,” fostering a sense of unity and social harmony among various communities in Kerala.
Also See: This Chapter Additional Practice Question and Answer