PSEB Punjab Board Class 9 Social Science Economics Textbook Solution Chapter 2 Human Resources Exercise Questions and Answers
Sr. No 2– Human Resources
Exercise
A.) Objective Answer type Questions
1.) Fill in the Blanks
(i) India stand ………. In the world as regards to the size of the population.
(ii) Uneducated people become a …………… for the society rather than an asset.
(iii) The size of population of a country along with its efficiency, education qualification, productivity etc. is termed as…………
(iv) In………….. sector production activities are done by using natural resources.
(v) ………….activities helps in the production of goods and services
Answer:-
i) Second
ii) liability
iii) Human Resources
iv)Primary
v) Economic
2.) Multiple Choice Questions
(i) Agriculture economy is an example of which sector?
(a) Primary
(b) Tertiary
(c) Secondary
Answer:-a) Primary
(ii) In agriculture sector there is unemployment for 5 to 7 months, Name this unemployment.
(a) Disguised unemployment
(b) Seasonal unemployment
(c) Educated unemployment
Answer:- b) Seasonal unemployment
(iii) What is the working age for population in India?
(a) 15-59 years
(b) 18-58 years
(c) 6-60 years
Answer:-a) 15-59 years
(iv) How much is the population of India according to census 2011?
(a) 1210.19 million
(b) 130 million
(c) 121.19 million
Answer:- a) 1210.19 million
3.) True/False
(i) Working of a housewife in home is an economic activity.
(ii) There is more disguised unemployment in cities.
(iii) A country develops by Investing in human capital.
(iv) The population of a country should be healthy for its economic growth.
(v) In India literacy rate increased from 1951 to 2011.
Answer:-
i) False
ii)True
iii) True
iv)True
v) True
4.) Very Short Answer type Questions
(i) Name two natural resources?
Answer:- Agriculture and Animal husbandry are two natural resources
(ii) How did countries like Germany and Japan made rapid economic development?
Answer :- Countries like Germany and Japan made rapid economic development because they made investment in human resources, specially in the fields of education and health
(iii) What are economic activities?
Answer:-All those activities which are performed to earn money are called Economic Activities
(iv) What are the two economic activities done by Gurpreet and Mandeep?
Answer:-Gurpreet working in field and Mandeepdoing job at private company
(v) Give two examples of secondary sector.
Answer:- Manufacturing of jaggery (gur) from sugar cane, cotton cloth from raw cotton are two examples of secondary sector
(vi) What are non-economic activities?
Answer:-The activities which do not give income in return are non-economic activities.
(vii) Give two determinants of the quality of population.
Answer :-Good education and health are two determinants of the quality of population
(viii) Name the state with the highest literacy rate.
Answer:- Kerala is the state with the highest literacy rate.
(ix) Name the step taken to provide elementary education to all children in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
Answer:-“Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan” is the step taken to provide elementary education to all children in the age group of 6-14 yrs.
(x) What is the age limit of the work force population in India?
Answer:- 15-59 years is the working age for population in India
(xi) Name two programmes undertaken by the government of India to generate employment opportunities.
Answer:-Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA) and Sampoorna Gramin Rozgar Yojana (SGRY) are two programmes undertaken by the government of India to generate employment opportunities.
B.) Short Answer type Questions
1.) What do you mean by human resources?
Answer:-The size of population of a country along with its efficiency, educational qualities, productivity etc. is known as ‘human resources’ Human resource is the most important resource because it makes the natural resources more useful
2.) How human resource is superior to other resources like land and physical capital?
Answer:-Human resources can make use of land and capital. So, a large population is not a liability. It can be turned into a productiveasset by investment in human capital For Example, by spending on education and health for all, training of industrial and agriculture workers in the use of modern technology etc. development of a country can be increased.
Therefore, human resource is superior to other resources like land and physical capital
3.) What is the difference between economic activities and non economic activities?
Answer:-
Economic Activities | Non-Economic Activities |
1. Every human being does some activities to satisfy his unlimited wants by using limited and scarce resources. These activities are called economic activities. | 1. All those human activities which are not economically profitable are called non-economic activities. |
2. These activities are undertaken to earn wealth. | 2. These activities are undertaken not for earning wealth. |
3. For example, a teacher teaching in school, doctor treating the patients etc. Both the doctor and the teacher are getting income for the services provided by them. | 3. For example, a teacher teaching his son at home, a mason repairing his own house etc |
4. Economic activities are those which are concerned with consumption, production, exchange and distribution of wealth | 4. These activities are undertaken for the welfare of the country, family well being, social cause, health, entertainment etc |
5. All economic activities contribute to the flow of goods and services in an economy. | 5. Non economic activities do not contribute to the flow of goods and services in the economy. |
4.) What is the role of education in human capital formation?
Answer :-Investment in human capital in the form of education and training yields higher incomes earned because of higher productivity by the more educated and better trained people.
5.) What are the steps taken by the Government of India to spread education?
Answer :-
- During the Eleventh Five Year Plan, “Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan” is a significant step towards providing compulsory elementary education to all children in the age group of six to fourteen years. Mid-day meal scheme has been implemented to increase the strength of the schools and to improve the nutritional status of the children.
- Navodaya Vidyalayas are being established in each district to impart good education to the rural students specially the girls. Vocational streams have been introduced to impart training to a large number of high school students for self employment.
6.) Explain the term unemployment. Which groups of people are not included while determining a country’s unemployment rate?
Answer:-Unemployment refers to a situation in which people are willing to work at the current wages but cannot find work.patients, old people, small children, studentsare not included while determining a country’s unemployment rate
7.) Give two reasons for unemployment in India.
Answer:-The decline of small scale and cottage industries and Due to age of machines are two reasons for unemployment in India.
8.) Distinguish between disguised unemployment and seasonal unemployment.
Answer :-
Disguised unemployment |
Seasonal unemployment |
1.Disguised unemployment means more number of people are engaged in a particular work than required. | 1.Seasonal unemployment means when people find jobs during some months and during remaining months they are unemployed. |
2. work in an agriculture plot requires the services of five persons but 8 people are engaged. Three people are extra and they are disguisedly unemployed because the contribution made by these three do not add to the total contribution made by the five people. | 2. In the agriculture sector people remain employed during the sowing and harvesting season but after this for nearly 5 to 7 months they remain unemployed. |
9.) Why is educated unemployment rapidly increasing in urban areas?
Answer :-
- In urban areas the rapidly increasing number of schools and colleges lead to educated unemployment as the job opportunities have not increased in the same rate.
- Urban areas have educated unemploymentdue to unavailability of job opportunities or say unemployment due to increased population, ages of machines, fewer policies for employment etc.
10.) How does literate and ill health people affect the growth of the economy?
Answer:-
- Educated and healthy people made efficient use of land and capital to make these countries rich and developed.
- Countries due to their vast uneducated, unhealthy and unskilled population remained under developed. So, technically efficient population of a country make it rich and developed.
- Inputs like education and health helps in making people an asset for the economy rather than a liability.