Potassium

Potassium – Learn all details regarding Potassium in Periodic Table i.e. Atomic Mass, Number, Physical, Chemical properties, Electronic configuration, Valency, Chemical reaction, Uses

Potassium :

Potassium is an alkali metal with dull shine .it is soft in nature and easily cut by knife. It gives flame when is burn in air It is very important to plant improvement . It is common mineral present in food .banana, orange , grapes , dry fruits rich in potassium . It is least density metal in all elements . It’s density is 0.89 g cm -3 7 metal in earth crust. Caustic potash form in earth crust gives potassium . 2.4% present on earth surface .

Discovery It is discovered by. Humphury Davy in 1807

Origin of name :.

The name is originated from English word ‘potash’

Physical properties :

1) Atomic symbol: it is denoted by symbol K

2) Atomic number : atomic number of potassium is 19 In potassium 19 electron and 19 proton is present

3) Atomic weight/ mass: potassium give Atomic weight is 39.9 In potassium 19 proton and 20 neutron is present

4) Position

It is place in 4 th row ( period) and 1 st column ( group) It is place in alkali metal group

5) Block :.

It is place in S block It’s outer shell electron occupy at s shell

6) Colour :

it is silver in colour It gives lavender colour when it is burn

7) Odour : it is odourless solid

8) Boiling point : boiling point of potassium is 759 C

9) Melting point : melting point of potassium is 63.5 C 10) Isotopes: Potassium show 3 stable isotope

³⁹k :. Atomic weight of this isotope is 38.96 It is present 93%

⁴⁰K: Atomic weight of this isotope is 39.9 It is present 0.01 %. It form from ß decay

⁴¹K. : atomic weight of this isotope is 40.9 It is present 61.7 % . It is form from ß decay

Chemical properties :

1) Electronic configuration

Electronic configuration of potassium is 1S ²2S² 2P⁶ 3S² 3P⁶ 4S ¹

Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,8 8,1

2) Electronic structure

In potassium 2 electron present in K shell ,8 electron present in L shell and 8 electron present in M shell remaining 1 electron present in N shell

3) Valency : potassium show 1 valency In potassium 1 valence electrons present in outer shell .

4) Atomic radius : Atomic Radius of potassium is 243 pm 5) Reactivity : it is reactive element .it is react with all acids and non metals

Uses:

1) Potassium used in soaps , detergent in the form of their oxide

2) It is mostly use in gold mines

3) It reduces blood pressure and it have an ability to prevent from kidney stones

4) Their carbonates is use to manufacturing of glass and dyes.

5) It is use in electronics .

6) It us use in gunpowder.

7) Potassium chloride is main constituents in fertilizer

 

Question and Answer:

Q1. Define Potassium

Q2. Who discovered Potassium?

Q2. Physical properties of Potassium

Q4. Write Atomic Symbol of Potassium.

Q5. Write the Atomic number of Potassium.

Q6. On which block Potassium element is present?

Q7. What is the color of Potassium?

Q8. What is the Boiling point of Potassium?

Q9. What is the Melting point of Potassium?

Q10. Write the Isotopes of Potassium.

Q11. Show Electronic configuration of Potassium.

Q12. Write Electronic Structure of Potassium.

Q13. What is the Valency of Potassium?

Q14. Write the uses of Potassium element.