NIOS Class 12 Biology Chapter 27 Solution – Pollution
NIOS Class 12 Biology Solution Chapter 27 Pollution . NIOS Class 12 Biology Chapter 27 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 12 Biology Notes.
Board |
NIOS |
Class |
12th (Higher Secondary) |
Subject |
Biology |
Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT 27.1
1.) Define pollution. ..
Ans: Unwanted changes to the environment’s physical, chemical, and biological properties, particularly those of the air, water, and land, which could have a negative impact on people, wildlife, industrial processes, and cultural resources(buildings and monuments) are referred to as pollution.
2.) Name four types of pollution.
Ans: Air pollution , Water pollution , Land pollution , Noise pollution
3) Name one effect on plants and one on human caused by excess SO2 in the air
Ans: Excess of so2 on plants is loss of chlorophyll in plants and cause espiratory problems in humans
INTEXT 27.2
1.) Give two examples of natural sources of water pollution.
Ans: soil erosion, leaking of minerals from rocks, and decaying of organic matter
2.) What is biomagnification? .
Ans: Biomagnification is the process by which dangerous non-biodegradable substances enter the environment in minute concentrations and build up to larger concentrations throughout the various levels of the food chain.
3.) Give the technical term for enrichment of water bodies with nutrients coming from fields. .
Ans: The enrichment of water with nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates that triggers the growth of green algae is called eutrophication.
4.) Give one source of and one disease caused by from the following pollutants
(i) lead : It is a industrial waste and cause Nervous disorders,Kidney failure., blood poisoning
. (ii) Tin : It is industrial dust and cause Affects central nervous system (CNS), Affects, vision
INTEXT 27.3
1.) What is soil erosion?
Ans: Soil erosion is the separation and removal of loosened soil particles by water (including surface water, ground water, rain, sea waves, and wind).
2.) Name the various types of soil erosion.
Ans: wind erosion, sheet erosion, gully erosion.
3). Name any two natural factors responsible for soil erosion.
Ans: (i)Natural sources which includes water erosion and wind erosion.
(ii) Anthropogenic sources : Extensive cutting down of forests and trees exposes the ground surface to the direct impact of rain and wind.
4). How does terracing prevent soil erosion?
Ans: Terracing is a farming technique used to preserve the thin soil layer on steep slopes. This aids in reducing soil erosion and makes better and more economical use of the water resources available to cultivate crops on these terraces.
INTEXT 27.4
1.) Name any two biodegradable pollutants.
Ans: Sewage and kitchen waste are biodegradable pollutants
2.) Mention two source of noise pollution.
Ans: sound of automobiles and sound from heavy machines are source of noise pollution
3.) Name any two green house gases.
Ans: Nitrogren oxides, methane, carbon dioxide
4.) What is acid rain?
Ans: Acid rain is a result of the atmospheric emissions of sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which undergo chemical changes before being absorbed by cloud-borne water droplets. Sulphuric and nitric acids are produced as a result, which causes rain clouds to form.
INTEXT 27.5
1.) Give one example each of natural and man made radiations
Ans: Solar rays are the natural and x-ray are man made radiation
2.) List two wastes of atomic explosion.
Ans: Radioactive Iodine (131I) and Strontium (90Sr) are two nuclear wastes from an atomic explosion and may cause cancer of thyroid and cancer of bone narrow/ respectively
3). Name the containers which should be used for the disposal of nuclear wastes.
Ans: Lead containers should be used for the disposal of nuclear wastes.
4) List any two harmful effects of nuclear radiations.
Ans: Cancer and gene mutations are harmful effects of nuclear radiations.
TERMINAL EXERCISE
1.) Which of the following are biodegradable materials? Aluminium, wood, fruit peels, DDT, paper, glass, dung
Ans: Fruit peels, Paper, dung.
2.) Which gaseous pollutant has the ability to absorb infra-red radiations?
Ans: Greenhouse gas has the ability to absorb infra-red radiations
3.) A ship carrying oil from the gulf region collides with hug rocks and get damaged.
It this just news or has some serious consequences? Give your opinion in one sentence.
Ans: The ship carrying oil can be harmful for the life of all the aquatic animals , therefore it is a serious consequences which need to be prevented.
4.) To set up a new industry, a large forest area had to be cut. List four ways in which the environment in that area may be affected.
Ans: Due to new industry , a large forest can be affect by many ways such as
i) It will disturb the biodiversity of the particular ecosystem.
ii) There can be disturbance in food chain of animals
iii) It can deplete the wild animals
iv) It can cause soil erosion, water pollution and air pollution in that area.
5.) List any three ways in which noise from various sources can affect the wellbeing of a person. Suggest few methods to control noise pollution.
Ans: The major sources of noise pollution are :Use of loud speakers, loud music system and television at public places , Means of transport i.e. automobiles, railways, aircrafts, etc.,Heavy machines in industries fireworks
6.) What does ‘Global warming’ mean ? Name the gas responsible for this phenomenon and why should it be considered an environmental problem.
Ans: The primary greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming are carbon dioxide (CO2), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). These greenhouse gases capture more long wave radiation as their concentration rises, raising the earth’s temperature and contributing to global warming.
7.) How would you classify the waste generated at home? What is the difference between the different groups? How would you manage this waste so that it cause least pollution?
Ans:There are following waste generated at home
i) Organic waste: these are generally by the kitchen , such as left over. This can be manage by disposing it to giving it to farm, which can be use to improve soil fertility
ii) Toxic waste : these are the non recyclable things such as batteries and other electric things, to prevent the pollution one can give it to the appropriate holders
iii) Recyclable waste: these includes paper,plastics, etc., these can be replaced and can be used again.
Also See: Next Chapter Question Answer Solution