NIOS Class 12 Biology Chapter 2 Solution – The Kingdom Monera, Protoctista and Fungi
NIOS Class 12 Biology Solution Chapter 2 The Kingdom Monera, Protoctista and Fungi . NIOS Class 12 Biology Chapter 2 Question Answers Download PDF. NIOS Class 12 Biology Notes.
NIOS Class 12 Biology Chapter 2 Solution
|
Board |
NIOS |
| Class |
12th (Higher Secondary) |
|
Subject |
Biology |
| Topic |
Question Answer, Solution, Notes |
INTEXT 2.1
1.) What is the chemical nature of the circular single chromosome of a bacterium?
Ans : DNA is the chemical nature of the circular single chromosome of a bacterium.
2.) Name the special region in the bacterial cell where genetic material lies.
Ans : Nucleoid is the special region in the bacterial cell where genetic material lies
3.) What is the main component of cell wall in prokaryotes?
Ans : The main component of cell wall in prokaryotes is Peptidoglycan
4.) State one point of difference between flagella and pili.
Ans : Flagella are thicker and longer than pili and also used in movement in bacteria.
5.) Give one difference between aerobic and anaerobic bacteria
Ans : aerobic bacteria uses oxygen for respiration and anaerobic bacteria do not require oxygen for respiration .
6.) What is transferred during sexual recombination in a bacterium?
Ans : A fragment of DNA strand. transferred during sexual recombination in a bacterium
INTEXT 2.2
1.)Name the bacteria that : (i) fix atmospheric nitrogen in the soil – Azotobacter
(ii) set milk into curd – Lactobacillus
(iii) cause tuberculosis – Mycobacterium tuberculosis
(vi) cause tetanus – Clostridium tetani
2.) Approximately how many bacteria may be obtained from one bacterium in an hour?
Ans: Approximately Eight bacteria may be obtained from one bacterium in an hour
3.) Give any three differences between bacteria and cyanobacteria.
Ans:
| Bacteria | cyanobacteria |
| They have smaller cells | They have bigger cells |
| flagella is present | flagella is absent |
| There is sexual recombination in bacteria | sexual recombination is rare in cyanobacteria |
INTEXT 2.3
1.) Protoctists are single celled like most of the Monerans. Why have they been put in a separate kingdom? Answer in one short sentence.
Ans : Protoctists are Eukaryotes which possess true nucleus therefore they have been put in a separate kingdom.
2.) Name the protozoan which causes
Ans : (i) Amoebic dysentery – Entamoeba histolytica
(ii) Malaria – Malarial parasite or Plasmodium.
- Which is the kind of asexual reproduction found in Protoctista?.
Ans : Binary fission is the kind of asexual reproduction found in Protoctista.
4). Through which organelle of the protoctists does respiration occur.
Ans : Respiration occurs through the mitochondria of the protoctists.
5.) Name the organelle responsible for regulating water content (osmoregulation) in amoeba.
Ans : Contractile vacuole is responsible for regulating water content (osmoregulation) in amoeba
6). Name two kinds of locomotion found in protoctista.
Ans : Flagellar and amoeboid are the locomotion found in protoctista.
INTEXT 2.4
1.) Name the slender filaments that form the body of a fungus.
Ans : mycelium form the body of a fungus.
2.) Which are the types of reproduction found in fungi?
Ans : Fungi can be reproduced Asexually as well as Sexually.
3.) Draw two small figures to show asexual reproduction in yeast
Diagrams:
4.) Which are the four main kinds of fungi?
Ans : (i) Yeast, (ii) Slime moulds (iii) Mushrooms and Toadstool (iv) Lichens are the four main kinds of fungi
INTEXT 2.5
1.) Name (i) the fungus from which Penicillin is extracted – Penicillium notatum
(ii) a unicellular fungus- Yeast
(iii) The fungus which causes wheat rust- Puccinia graminis
(iv) The whitish cottony mass, growing on stale bread –Spores
(v) Two common human diseases caused by fungi – mycelium, Rhizopus
2). Who discovered antibiotic properties of Penicillium?
Ans : Alexander Flemming discovered antibiotic properties of Penicillium
Also See: Chapter 1 Question Answer
