Man and Society Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes
We have provided here Man and Society Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes by our Experienced Teacher. This Extra Questions and Answers Notes consists of MCQ Questions and Answers; Very Short Type Questions and Answer & Short Type Questions and Answers.
MCQ
1.) Who is considered the “Father of Sociology” for giving the name to the scientific study of society?
a) Auguste Comte
b) Herbert Spencer
c) Max Weber
d) Emile Durkheim
Answer: a)
2.) What is the process of learning and adapting to social norms and behaviors within a society called?
a) Socialization
b) Civilization
c) Isolation
d) Individualization
Answer: a)
3.) Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons mentioned in the text for why humans are different from other animals?
a) Structure of fingers, especially the thumb
b) Upright posture
c) Teeth
d) Tail
Answer: d)
4.) What is the fundamental relationship between man and society, according to sociologists?
a) Man creates society
b) Society creates man
c) Man and society are unrelated
d) Society follows man’s lead
Answer: b)
5.) Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a source of socialization in the text?
a) Family
b) School
c) Television
d) Peer groups
Answer: c)
6.) What is the term used to describe the study of society, culture, behavior, and social relationships?
a) Sociology
b) Anthropology
c) Psychology
d) Biology
Answer: a)
7.) Who extended the scope of sociology by combining philosophy, economics, and history into his sociological work?
a) Auguste Comte
b) Herbert Spencer
c) Max Weber
d) Karl Marx
Answer: d)
8.) Who is known for his study of the evolution of society and is considered a British sociologist?
a) Auguste Comte
b) Herbert Spencer
c) Emile Durkheim
d) Max Weber
Answer: b)
9.) What is the term used to describe the process of expressing feelings and conveying information through words?
a) Language
b) Communication
c) Gestures
d) Emotions
Answer: a)
10.) Who introduced Sociology in the Bombay University in 1914?
a) Auguste Comte
b) Herbert Spencer
c) Max Weber
d) The British
Answer: d)
One liners:
1.) What is the study of society and its components called?
Answer: Sociology
2.) Who is considered the “Father of Sociology”?
Answer: Auguste Comte
3.) What term describes the process of learning and adapting to social norms and behaviors?
Answer: Social Language
4.) What is the unique human ability to convey thoughts and feelings through words?
Answer: Language
5.) What is the branch of science that deals with human society and its organization?
Answer: Sociology
6.) Who is known for his study of social facts and the importance of social integration?
Answer: Emile Durkheim
7.) Which German philosopher extended the scope of sociology by incorporating economics and history?
Answer: Karl Marx
8.) What is the name for the British sociologist who studied the evolution of society?
Answer: Herbert Spencer
9.) What is the process of expressing feelings and information through words?
Answer: Communication
10.) What is the term used to describe the process of learning social norms and behaviors?
Answer: Socialization
Short questions :
1: What is sociology and how did it begin?
A: Sociology is the scientific study of human society, culture, behavior and social relations. It began when early sociologists such as Auguste Comte coined the term and laid the foundation for the systematic study of society.
2: What distinguishes humans from animals in terms of their physical characteristics?
A: Humans differ from animals in their upright posture, opposable thumbs, and complex brains that enable creativity, language, and complex thought processes.
3: Why does society consider it necessary for human development?
A: Society is essential to human development because it provides socialization where people can learn language, culture, behavior and important life skills. Man cannot fully develop without society.
4: How does socialization happen and what are its main consequences?
A: Socialization occurs through a variety of influences, including family, schools, peers, and the media. These environments shape a person’s behavior, values and understanding of society.
5: Why is language considered a critical part of human society?
A: Language is essential to human society because it enables accurate communication, the expression of complex emotions, and the development of human relationships and culture.
6: Who is often considered the “Father of Sociology”?
A: Auguste Comte is often considered the “Father of Sociology” because of his significant contributions to the field, including coining the term sociology.
, 7: What was Herbert Spencer’s contribution to the early development of sociology?
A- British sociologist Herbert Spencer studied the development of society and contributed to the early development of sociology.
8: How did Emile Durkheim influence the scientific study of society?
A: French sociologist Emile Durkheim worked to establish sociology as a science and conducted influential research on topics such as suicide and the division of labor.
9: Who was Max Weber and what was his contribution to sociology?
A: The German sociologist Max Weber made important contributions to sociology, especially in the study of the role of work and religion in society.
10: What role did Karl Marx play in expanding the scope of sociology?
A: German philosopher Karl Marx expanded the field of sociology by analyzing various aspects of society, including economics, philosophy, and religion, focusing on class struggle and social change.
Long answer type—
1: What is sociology and why did it emerge as a scientific field of study?
Ans: Sociology is the scientific study of society, culture, human behavior, social relationships and the dynamics that shape them. It was born as a field of scientific research to systematically study and understand the complexity of human societies and its various aspects. Sociologists seek answers to fundamental questions about society, such as the origins of social structures, the causes of social change, and the effects of social interactions on individuals and groups.
2: How does human society differ from animal society, and what are the main factors that make humans unique in this regard?
A: Human society differs from animal society in many ways. One important factor is a person’s language skills, which enable complex communication and the expression of abstract concepts. In addition, humans have an upright posture, advanced fingers with opposable thumbs, and highly developed brains, all of which contribute to their unique abilities, including tool making, problem solving, and creative thinking. While animal societies often revolve around basic needs such as food, humans have created complex civilizations, cultures and social structures.
3: Why is it said that man is a social being and how does society influence human development?
A: Man is considered a social being because people naturally want to live in the company of others. Society plays an essential role in human development because it creates the environment necessary for socialization. Socialization is the process by which people learn language, behavior, culture, values and norms through interactions with others and their social environment. Family, school, peer groups, and the media all participate in the socialization process, helping people become productive members of society.
4: What role does language play in human society and how does it differentiate humans from animals?
A: Language is a critical part of human society because it enables complex communication, the expression of feelings and the sharing of information. Unlike animals, humans have developed complex languages with words and structures that allow them to communicate abstract ideas, feelings, and specific relationships. Language is crucial to understanding and expressing the complexities of human society, including culture, values and social roles.
5: Who were the early sociologists and what were their contributions to the field of sociology?
A: Early sociologists played a key role in shaping the field of sociology. Auguste Comte, often called the father of sociology, invented the term “sociology” and laid the foundation for the scientific study of society. Herbert Spencer studied the development of society. Emile Durkheim worked to make sociology a science and studied the role of social facts in shaping human behavior. Known for his interdisciplinary approach, Max Weber explored topics such as work and religion. Karl Marx expanded the scope of sociology by combining economics, philosophy, and history with his social analysis. These sociologists contributed significantly to the understanding of human society and its dynamics.