Kerala SCERT Class 8 Science Chapter 13 Diversity for Sustenance Question Answer Solution Here. Kerala Board Class 8 Students can find Here 13th Chapter Diversity for Sustenance Notes provide by our Teacher. Important Question Answer from Chapter 13 Diversity for Sustenance.
- Board- Kerala Board.
- Class – 8.
- Subject – Basic Science Part 2
- Chapter – 13.
- Chapter Name – Diversity for Sustenance.
- Topic – Question Answer Solution.
Answer the following questions.
1) What is biosphere and ecology?
Ans- Biosphere is the part of earth where life exists. It extends to soil, atmosphere and water
2) Define producer and consumer.
Ans- This energy gets transferred to other organisms through food chain. Plants that perform photosynthesis are called producers while organisms that depend on plants directly or indirectly for food are called consumers
3) Define biodiversity.
Ans- biodiversity is the diversity which include all the diverse organisms that inhabit the earth along with their ecosystems. Biodiversity includes various levels like ecosystems diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity.
4) Give the difference between wild life sanctuary and national park.
Ans- the wild life sanctuary are the forests areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystems. The national parks are designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical mountains, natural resources and geographical features of an area.
5) Give the difference between zoological garden and botanical gardens.
Ans- zoological gardens are conservation centres where different varrities of animals are protected and housed separately and where necessary arrangements are made available for their reproduction.
Botanical gardens are the wide research centres where rare and important plants of diverse species are protected.
6) Give full forms of IUCN and WWF.
IUCN- international union for conservation of nature.
WWF- world wide fund nature.
Answer the following questions
1) Discuss about EX-situ conservation.
Ans- Ex-situ conservation contains zoological gardens , botanical gardens and gene bank-
A) Zoological gardens
Zoological gardens are conservation centres where different varieties of animals are protected and housed separately and where necessary arrangements are made available for their reproduction. They also function as conservation centres of organisms which have become extinct in wild. There are zoological gardens at Thiruvananthapuram and Thrissur in Kerala.
B) Botanical gardens
These are wide research centres where rare and important plants of diverse species are protected. We can identify many plants and get more information about them by visiting a botanical garden. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) at Palode in Thiruvananthapuram and Malabar Botanical Garden (MBG) at Olavanna in Kozhikode are examples.
C) Gene Banks
These are research centres with facilities to collect seeds and gametes to preserve them for a long time. Organisms can be recreated out of them whenever required. Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology at Thiruvananthapuram is an example.
2) Give the details about in-situ conservation.
Ans- In situ conservations include the wild life centruary , nationa parks community reserve biosphere reserves, sacred groves and ecological hostspots.-
A) Ecological hotspots
Ecological hotspots are areas rich in endemic species but facing the threat of habitat destruction. Each hotspot is ecologically a very important area of biodiversity. Out of the 34 hotspots all over the world, 3 of them are in India. They are the Western Ghats, North-Eastern Himalayas and the Indo-Burma range
B) Scared groves-
These are small areas of biodiversity protected in regions inhabited by human beings. Due to changes in life style many of these which were highly bio-rich have been destroyed. Only a few are remaining now. Sacred groves play an important role in the conservation of water in the region too.
C) Biosphere reserves-
These are vast regions designed with an aim to protect world’s important ecosystems, biodiversity and genetic resources. Biosphere reserves like the Nilgiris and Agasthyarkoodam include areas belonging to Kerala too.
D) Community Reserves- Community reserves are areas protected with the participation of the public. These are ecologically important places located in populated areas. The Kadalundi Community Reserve spread over the districts of Malappuram and Kozhikode is an example.
E) National parks- National Parks are designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments, natural resources and geographical features of an area. Eravikulam, Silent Valley, Anamudi Shola, Mathikettan Shola and Pambadum Shola are the national parks in Kerala.
F) Wild life Sanctuary- These are forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystem. Peppara, Periyar, Wayanad etc., are examples of wild life sanctuaries in Kerala.
3) Write a note on Red Book Date.
Ans- Red Data Book
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) is an organization for environmental protection, operating in different countries. Under the auspices of IUCN, a list on endangered plants and animals is prepared every year. This is known as the Red Data Book. Some countries prepare Red Data Book on their own. The information in the Red Data Book is helpful to identify the extent of biodiversity depletion and to plan out appropriate conservation activities.
Answer the following question in brief.
1) What is biodiversity? Give the importance of biodiversity.
Ans- biodiversity is the diversity which include all the diverse organisms that inhabit the earth along with their ecosystems. Biodiversity includes various levels like ecosystems diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity. This term which denotes the richness of the biosphere was first used by a British environmentalist , Walter. G. Rosen in 1985.
Importance of biodiversity-
Biodiversity gives various things to us like-
a) Availability of esseintial materials – this materials we obtained from biodiversity the materials like food, medicine, fuels, construction materials etc.
b) Cultural services- – aesthetics , recreation, study, rituals and their practice etc also available from biodiversity.
c) Auxillary services- nutrient cycling, pollination, biological control, seed dispersal etc.
d) Ecological services- in ecological services we get soil formation, prevention of soil erosion, availability of fresh water, control of flood, climate control
All this above things are include in the importance of biodiversity.
2) Explain the biodiversity in western Ghats.
Ans- Biodiversity in Western Ghats under threat-
The Western Ghats, rich in biodiversity and lying parallel to the Arabian Sea, is more than 1500 kilometre long and 1.25 lakhs square kilometre wide. This region which is also known by names like Sahya Mountain or Sahyadri is abundantly rich with ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, sacred groves, marshes, rivers and ponds. Very rare species of the world are found here. This region is rapidly deteriorating due to the thoughtless intervention human beings. The process of deterioration of ecological diversity in the Western Ghats has been accelerated by agriculture, dams which obstruct the flow of rivers, mining, exploitation of forest wealth, tourism and hunting. This are the biodiversity observed in Western Ghats.
3) Difference between in -situ and ex- situ conservation with example.
Ans-
In situ conservation
- In situ conservation method in which organisms are protected in their natural habitat .There are different method which include in situ conservations like wild life sanctuary, biosphere reserves , national parks, ecological hotspots etc.
- In ecological hotspots endemic species are conserves mostly.
- In national parks designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments , natural resources of and area.
- Example silent valley, Anamudi Shola are the national parks.
Ex situ conservation
- Ex situ conservation method in which organisms are protected outside their natural habitats.
- There are three methods which include in exsitu conservation like zoological parks, botanical gardens and gene bank.
- In zoological parks different varrities of animals are protected and housed separately.
- In botanical gardens rare and important plants of diverse species are protected.
- JNTBGR is the example of botanical gardens in Thiruvananthaouram.
4) Write short note on any two in situ conservation methods.
Ans- there are different methods of in situ conservations out of them two as following-
A) Ecological hotspots
Ecological hotspots are areas rich in endemic species but facing the threat of habitat destruction. Each hotspot is ecologically a very important area of biodiversity. Out of the 34 hotspots all over the world, 3 of them are in India. They are the Western Ghats, North-Eastern Himalayas and the Indo-Burma range.
B) Scared groves-
These are small areas of biodiversity protected in regions inhabited by human beings. Due to changes in life style many of these which were highly bio-rich have been destroyed. Only a few are remaining now. Sacred groves play an important role in the conservation of water in the region too.
More Questions
Answer the following questions.
1.) What is biosphere and ecology?
Ans- Biosphere is the part of earth where life exists. It extends to soil, atmosphere and water
2.) Define producer and consumer.
Ans- This energy gets transferred to other organisms through food chain. Plants that perform photosynthesis are called producers while organisms that depend on plants directly or indirectly for food are called consumers
3.) Define biodiversity.
Ans- biodiversity is the diversity which include all the diverse organisms that inhabit the earth along with their ecosystems. Biodiversity includes various levels like ecosystems diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity.
4.) Give the difference between wild life sanctuary and national park.
Ans- the wild life sanctuary are the forests areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystems. The national parks are designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical mountains, natural resources and geographical features of an area.
5.) Give the difference between zoological garden and botanical gardens.
Ans- zoological gardens are conservation centres where different varrities of animals are protected and housed separately and where necessary arrangements are made available for their reproduction.
Botanical gardens are the wide research centres where rare and important plants of diverse species are protected.
6.) Give full forms of IUCN and WWF.
IUCN- international union for conservation of nature.
WWF- world wide fund nature.
Answer the following questions
1.) Discuss about EX-situ conservation.
Ans- Ex-situ conservation contains zoological gardens , botanical gardens and gene bank-
A.) Zoological gardens
Zoological gardens are conservation centres where different varieties of animals are protected and housed separately and where necessary arrangements are made
available for their reproduction. They also function as conservation centres of organisms which have become extinct in wild. There are zoological gardens at Thiruvananthapuram and Thrissur in Kerala.
B.) Botanical gardens
These are wide research centres where rare and important plants of diverse species are protected. We can identify many plants and get more information about them by
visiting a botanical garden. Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute (JNTBGRI) at Palode in Thiruvananthapuram and Malabar Botanical
Garden (MBG) at Olavanna in Kozhikode are examples.
C.) Gene Banks
These are research centres with facilities to collect seeds and gametes to preserve them for a long time. Organisms can be recreated out of them whenever required. Rajiv
Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology at Thiruvananthapuram is an example.
2.) Give the details about in-situ conservation.
Ans- In situ conservations include the wild life centruary , nationa parks community reserve biosphere reserves, sacred groves and ecological hostspots.-
A.) Ecological hotspots
Ecological hotspots are areas rich in endemic species but facing the threat of habitat
destruction. Each hotspot is ecologically a very important area of biodiversity. Out of the
34 hotspots all over the world, 3 of them are in India. They are the Western Ghats, North-Eastern Himalayas and the Indo-Burma range
B.) Scared groves-
These are small areas of biodiversity protected in regions inhabited by human beings. Due to changes in life style many of these which were highly bio-rich have been destroyed. Only a few are remaining now. Sacred groves play an important role in the conservation of water in the region too.
C.) Biosphere reserves-
These are vast regions designed with an aim to protect world’s important ecosystems, biodiversity and genetic resources. Biosphere reserves like the Nilgiris and Agasthyarkoodam include areas belonging to Kerala too.
D.) Community Reserves- Community reserves are areas protected with the participation of the public. These are ecologically important places located in populated areas. The Kadalundi Community Reserve spread over the districts of Malappuram and Kozhikode is an example.
E.) National parks- National Parks are designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments, natural resources and geographical features of an area. Eravikulam, Silent Valley, Anamudi Shola, Mathikettan Shola and Pambadum Shola are the national parks in Kerala.
F.) Wild life Sanctuary- These are forest areas declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild lives by protecting the ecosystem. Peppara, Periyar, Wayanad etc., are examples of wild life sanctuaries in Kerala.
3.) Write a note on Red Book Date.
Ans- Red Data Book
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) is an organization for environmental protection, operating in different countries. Under the auspices of IUCN, a list on endangered plants and animals is prepared every year. This is known as the Red Data Book. Some countries prepare Red Data Book on their own. The information in the Red Data Book is helpful to identify the extent of biodiversity depletion and to plan out appropriateconservation activities.
Answer the following question in brief.
1.) What is biodiversity? Give the importance of biodiversity.
Ans- biodiversity is the diversity which include all the diverse organisms that inhabit the earth along with their ecosystems. Biodiversity includes various levels like ecosystems diversity, species diversity and genetic diversity. This term which denotes the richness of the biosphere was first used by a British environmentalist , Walter. G. Rosen in 1985.
Importance of biodiversity-
Biodiversity gives various things to us like-
a.) Availability of esseintial materials – this materials we obtained from biodiversity the materials like food, medicine, fuels, construction materials etc.
b.) Cultural services- – aesthetics , recreation, study, rituals and their practice etc also available from biodiversity.
c.) Auxillary services- nutrient cycling, pollination, biological control, seed dispersal etc.
d.) Ecological services- in ecological services we get soil formation, prevention of soil erosion, availability of fresh water, control of flood, climate control
All this above things are include in the importance of biodiversity.
2.) Explain the biodiversity in western Ghats.
Ans- Biodiversity in Western Ghats under threat-
The Western Ghats, rich in biodiversity and lying parallel to the Arabian Sea, is more than 1500 kilometre long and 1.25 lakhs square kilometre wide. This region which is also known by names like Sahya Mountain or Sahyadri is abundantly rich with ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, sacred groves, marshes, rivers and ponds. Very rare species of the world are found here. This region is rapidly deteriorating due to the thoughtless intervention human beings. The process of deterioration of ecological diversity in the Western Ghats has been accelerated by agriculture, dams which obstruct the flow of rivers, mining, exploitation of forest wealth, tourism and hunting. This are the biodiversity observed in Western Ghats.
3.) Difference between in -situ and ex- situ conservation with example.
Ans-
In situ conservation
- In situ conservation method in which organisms are protected in their natural habitat .There are different method which include in situ conservations like wild life sanctuary, biosphere reserves , national parks, ecological hotspots etc.
- In ecological hotspots endemic species are conserves mostly.
- In national parks designed to protect wild lives along with the protection of historical monuments , natural resources of and area.
- Example silent valley, Anamudi Shola are the national parks.
Ex situ conservation
- Ex situ conservation method in which organisms are protected outside their natural habitats.
- There are three methods which include in exsitu conservation like zoological parks, botanical gardens and gene bank.
- In zoological parks different varrities of animals are protected and housed separately.
- In botanical gardens rare and important plants of diverse species are protected.
- JNTBGR is the example of botanical gardens in Thiruvananthaouram.
4) Write short note on any two in situ conservation methods.
Ans- there are different methods of in situ conservations out of them two as following-
A) Ecological hotspots
Ecological hotspots are areas rich in endemic species but facing the threat of habitat
destruction. Each hotspot is ecologically a very important area of biodiversity. Out of the
34 hotspots all over the world, 3 of them are in India. They are the Western Ghats, North-Eastern Himalayas and the Indo-Burma range.
B) Scared groves-
These are small areas of biodiversity protected in regions inhabited by human beings. Due to changes in life style many of these which were highly bio-rich have been destroyed. Only a few are remaining now. Sacred groves play an important role in the conservation of water in the region too.
MCQ
1) ——- is the conservation method in which organisms are protected in their natural habitats.
a) In situ conservation
b) Ex situ conservation
c) Botanical conservation
d) Gene bank conservation
Ans-a) in situ conservation
2) The forest area which declared as protected areas to prevent the extinction of wild live is known as……
a) National parks
b) Zoological gardens
c) Wild life sanctuary
d) Sacred groves
Ans- c) wild life sanctuary.
3) Benifical to one but harmful to the other. Prey becomes the food of the predator——-
a) Predation
b) Parasitism
c) Mutualism
d) Commensalism
Ans- a) predation
4) The study of interaction between organism and their surroundings are known as—–
a) Biosphere
b) Ecology
c) Ecological hotspot
d) Parasitism
Ans- b) ecology
5) —– include in first tropical level.
a) Grasshopper
b) Eagle
c) Paddy or grass
d) Frog
Ans- c) paddy or grass
6) The organism which are depend on plants directly or indirectly are called——
a) Predator
b) Consumers
c) Teritary consumers
d) None of the above
Ans- b) consumers
7) Complete the food chains
Grass_ ——-_frog_Snkae_—–
a) Grasshoper, egale
b) Calotes, egale
c) Egale, grasshopper
d) Rabbit, egale
Ans- a) grasshopper, egale.
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