Karnataka Board Class 8 Social Science Chapter 3 Sindhu Sarasvati Civilization Solution Exercise Question and Answer
I Answer the below questions in one sentence.
1.) How old is Rig-Veda as on today?
Answer – Rig-Veda is 1200-1500 B.C.E old today.
2.) Which are the sapta-Sindhu rivers?
Answer – Sindhu, Vitasta (Jhelum), Asikni (Chenab), Parushni (Ravi), Vipasha (Beas), Shutudri (Sutlej) and Sarasvati are the sapta-Sindhu rivers
3.) In which year, was Kalibangan region discoved?
Answer –In 1917year, was Kalibangan region discoved.
4.) Which year were the ancient civilization traces found in Harappa?
Answer –In 1921 the ancient civilization traces found in Harappa.
5.) What are the symbols/ pictures found on the seals of Sindhu civilization?
Answer – Pashupathi, Bull and Unicornare the symbols/ pictures found on the seals of Sindhu civilization
6.) Which town was the primary centre for sea trade?
Answer – Lothal town was the primary centre for sea trade.
7.) List out the tribes of Vedic period.
Answer – Bharat, Puru, Anu, Druhyu, Yurvasha and Yadu are the tribes of Vedic period
8.) Which site had the system of rain water harvesting?
Answer – Dholavira site had the system of rain water harvesting
9.) Who has said that Aryan migration theory is wrong?
Answer – B.R Ambedkar said that Aryan migration theory is wrong.
10.) The dimensions of towns of Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization match the mentions of which literary work?
Answer –
II) Answer the below questions in three-four sentences.
1.) How were the traces of Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization found?
2.) What are the materials/ items found during the archaeological excavation of Sindhu-Sarasvati sites?
3.) Explain the construct of baths of this civilization.
Answer – Mohenjo-Daro constructed a ground level tank in another town, they have identified it as an open bath. It is built with bricks, precautions have been taken to ensure the structure was leak-proof. Stairs are located at two sides of the tank which has rooms built all around. People of the town would be bathing in this bath.
4.) Which alloys were in use in this civilization? What are their traces?
Answer – Copper and Bronze alloys were in use in this civilization. Bronze has been one of the important alloys found in ancient civilizations. The copper needed to create the alloy was available in Baluchistan, Rajasthan, etc. People had mastered the art of bronze making after centuries of effort. Such technology helped them create several items from hard tools to mirrors.
5.) Who created the myth of Arya-Dravida?
Answer – In 19th century, the British started to divide and rule Indians on the basis of caste and religion. So, Arya-Dravida was created.
III) Answer the below questions in seven-eight sentences.
1.) How was the township construction done in Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization?
Answer – The low-lying space – the village – was the habitat part of the town. They were planned and built quite systematically – well planned houses, roads and drains was there. The Houses were built with bricks and walls were strong inside core space was surrounded by room. The doors were faced the streets, none of the windows were street facing. The houses had baths, some with wells for water supply. Water availability was enough. Every house was having separate baths was the big thing. This way the township construction was done in Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization.
2.) Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization seals show the continuity of vaidika tradition. Explain how.
Answer – Sindhu-Sarasvati civilization seals show still un-deciphered script. Engrave scripts on the seals even back. Vrushabha is one of the most important figures found on seals of those times with the leaf of the sacred fig tree being another prominent figure on the seals. Several idols with different yoga and namaskara postures are also seen. Vrushabha, Shiva’s vehicle, also that stands as figura of dharma, the leaf of a fig tree, also known as yajnya-vrukha. Yoga, one of the vaidika aspects.
3.) How was the social system during the vedic age?
Answer – Vedic times had brahmana and kshatriyavarnas based on several characteristics and lifestyles. Those were mainly into learning and teaching were brahmanas while the ones who were responsible for the protection and nurturing of society were kshatriyas. The common people were called ‘vishah’. Sabha and Samiti in administrative system to provide guidance. Sabha had several people representatives while samiti had specifically a few experts.
4.) How were the farming and trading practices in vedic age?
Answer – Sindhu-Sarasvati population were dependant on farming and trading. Wheat, barley and pulses were their primary crops. The bullock cart modelled and used back then is still in use in almost the same way. Hunting and fishing were also vastly practised. Cotton farming was done to manufacture textiles. Since several of the towns of the era were situated on the banks of rivers, it is obvious that they were experts in irrigation which helped in their farming. They were involved in rearing of cattle including bull, cow, buffalo and sheep, goat and poultry.
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