Is Matter Around Us Pure Extra Questions and Answers Science Chapter 2
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A] Very Short Answers
1) Define a mixture.
Ans- Any substance which contains two or more types of particles present in it is called as mixture.
2) What are the types of mixture?
Ans-There are two types of mixtures homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
3) Which method is used to remove soil particles from water?
Ans-Filtration method is used to remove soil particles from water.
4)What is mean by solution? give one example.
Ans-A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances which cannot be separated as they are evenly distributed.
Example- soda water sugar solution.
5) What is a pure substance?
Ans-A substance which contains only one type of particles evenly distributed is called as pure substance.
6) Define an alloy.
Ans-An alloy is a mixture of two or more metals or metals and non metals which cannot be separated from each other by any physical means.
Example aluminium is a mixture of steel and iron.
7) What is mean by colloidal solution?
Ans-Solution in which particles are evenly suspended in a solution to very small size of particles is called colloidal solution.
8) Which type of solution shows tyndall effect?
Ans-Colloidal solution shows tyndall effect.
9) Give examples of colloidal solution.
Ans-Examples of colloidal solution are fog ,milk, clouds, smoke etc.
10) What are the separation techniques used to separate any substance?
Ans- The separation techniques are evaporation, filtration, sublimation, distillation, chromatography etc.
11) What is mean by immiscible liquid?
Ans-Two liquids that shows two separate layers of each which do not dissolve are called immiscible liquids.
Example- water and oil.
12) What is meant by suspension?
Ans-A suspension is a mixture in which solute particles do not dissolve in solvent and remain suspended in the solvent and can be seen through naked eyes.
13) What is meant by physical change?
Ans-The changes which occur in only physical properties of substances and there is no change in its chemical nature is called as physical change of a substance.
14) Which substance shows tyndall effect?
Ans-Milk can show tyndall effect starch solution can show tyndall effect.
15) What is the compound? Give one example.
Ans-When two or more elements combine together they form compounds which has fixed proportion of elements.
Example- water H2O it has fixed proportion of hydrogen and oxygen.
16) Which method is used to separate water from salt?
Ans-Evaporation method is used to separate salt from water.
17) How many elements are present till today’s date?
Ans-More than hundred elements are present till today’s date.
18) Can the elements present in water separated by physical means?
Ans-No elements present water cannot be separated by physical means.
19) How many elements are in gaseous state at room temperature?
Ans- 11 Elements are in gaseous state at room temperature.
20) What is meant by heterogeneous mixture?
Ans-A mixture which contains two or more different types of particles in it is called as heterogeneous mixture.
B] Short Answers
1) Define sol State the examples of sol.
Ans-Sol is defined as a colloid which has solid particles suspended in liquid.
Examples- blood ,mud, paint etc.
2) What are elements? Give example of elements.
Ans- Substances which cannot be broken into simple substances are called as elements.
Examples – hydrogen, oxygen, iron etc.
3) Which of the following are mixtures among the following?
Milk ,water, gas ,sugar, ice salt and water ,lemonade.
Ans-Mixtures are those made of two or more substances.
Therefore milk ,gas, lemonade ,salt and water are mixtures they contains more than two substances.
4) How can we separate two different gases from air?
Ans-We can separate two different gases by fractional distillation method, this method is used to obtain different gases from air.
5) Give two points of differences between sol and solution give examples of each.
Ans- Sol–
- Sol has particles suspended in liquid.
- Sol is not uniform liquid.
- Particles are visible
- Examples blood, paint ,mud etc.
Solution–
- Solution is uniform and particles are not suspended in liquid.
- Solution is uniform liquid.
- Particles are not visible.
- Sugar solution, alcohol etc.
6) What is solid sol? Give example.
Ans- Solids in which dispersed phase and dispersion medium both are solids is called solid sol.
Examples-gemstone coloured glass, alloys etc.
7) Give properties of metals.
Ans-
- Metals are malleable.
- Metals are lustrous.
- Metals are ductile.
- Metals conduct heat and electricity.
- They are sonorous in nature.
8) What is meant by concentration of a solution?
Ans-The amount of solute dissolved in solvent is called as concentration of solution the amount of solute and solvent may vary change the concentration of solution.
9) What is saturated solution? Give example.
Ans-A saturated solution is one in which the amount of solute in solvent is so much that if added more it will not dissolve.
Examples-soda sugar solution with excess amount of sugar.
10) Name the type of colloidal solution having liquid liquid in dispersed phase and dispersion medium. Give example.
Ans- Emulsion is a type of colloid having liquid liquid as dispersed phase and dispersion medium example of emulsion is milk shaving cream, butter.
11) How will you separate kerosene from water?
Ans-We will separate kerosene from water by by using separating funnel. Bhoot liquids have different densities hence water will get separated first and kerosene will be left behind.
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12) Particles of suspension can be seen through naked eyes. why?
Ans- Size of particles in suspension of very large. The do not dissolve in the solvent hence remain suspended in liquid and can be easily seen through naked eyes.
13) Elements are not pure substances state true or false with reason.
Ans- False ,elements are considered as pure substances because they are made of only one type of particles and cannot be for the broken into different types of particles.
14) What are heterogeneous mixtures give four examples of heterogeneous mixtures.
Ans- Picture that are made of two or more types of different particles which do not have fixed proportion of uniform composition are called as a true genius mixture.
Examples of heterogeneous mixtures are sand and water, sand and sugar ,oil and water, sugar and salt.
15) What is a source of tyndall effect?
Ans-A beam of light striking fine particles is a source of tyndall effect.
When a beam of light is passed through colloidal solution it strikes the particles resulting in scattering of light.
C] Long answers
1)
a) State the points of difference between mixture and compound.
b) Mixtures are called a substances why?
c) What are the types of colloids?
Ans-
a) Difference between Mixture and Compound
Mixture
- Substance mixed together are called as mixtures.
- Mixtures can be separated
- They have variable composition.
- Mixtures can be separated by physical methods.
Compound
- Substance react to form compounds.
- Compounds cannot be separated
- They have fixed composition.
- Compounds can be separated by chemical methods only.
b) Mixtures are called a substances because they are formed by mixing two or more substances with different proportions.
c) Types of colloids are arsenol, emulsion, sol, jel solid sol.
2)
a) State the properties of colloids.
b) Give the separation technique used to separate two immiscible liquids.
c) Which method is used to separate sugar and camphor?
d) What is meant by chemical change? give an example of chemical change.
Ans-
a) Properties of colloids are as follows,
Colloid is a heterogeneous mixture.
The particles are very tiny and cannot be seen by naked eyes.
They can scatter the beam of light.
The do not settle down when left still.
b) Technique used to separate two immiscible liquids is by separating funnel.
c) Method used to separate sugar and camphor is sublimation.
d) Exchange in composition of substance by changing or rear engine atoms present in substance is called as chemical change.
Example of chemical changes rusting of iron burning of wood forming ash.
3)
a) What is mean by solution? What are the types of solution?
b) When can you say that a solution is saturated?
c) Give any five examples of pure substance.
Ans-
a) Solution is defined as homogeneous mixture of two or more substances present in appropriate proportion. The types of solutions are gas in gas solution solid in liquid solution liquid in liquid solution and liquid in gas solution.
b) When the amount of solute is so much that a little more solute added in solvent will make the solute in soluble and the particles will suspend in liquid we can say that the solution is saturated.
c) 5 Examples of pure substances copper, iron, hydrogen, oxygen ,Mercury.
4)
a) Which among the following are chemical changes?
Rusting of iron, burning of wooden block, cutting vegetables ,burning of camphor, writing an essay.
b) Give the applications of crystallization method.
c) What are the types of mixtures? give 5 examples of each.
Ans-
a) Rusting of iron, burning of wooden block, burning of camphor are chemical changes.
b) Application of crystallization methods are as follows
- Salt obtained from sea water is purified by crystallization method.
- Alum is separated from impure samples.
c) The types of mixtures are heterogeneous mixture and homeogenous mixtures.
Examples of Heterogeneous mixtures are,
- Salt And Water
- Sand And Water
- Oil And Water
- Salt And Camphor
- Milk
Examples of Homogeneous mixtures are,
- Air
- Water
- Steel
- Petrol
- Gold
D] Multiple Choice Questions
1) Butter is a
a) Element
b) Compound
c) Mixture
d) Solute
Ans-c)Mixture, Butter is a mixture of fatty acids and triglycerides.
2) Homogeneous mixture has
a) Two or more types of substances
b) Only one type of substance
c) Only one chemical substance
d) Two or more chemical substance present in same proportion.
Ans- d) Two or more chemical substance present in same proportion.
3) Alloy is
a) Mixture of liquid
b) Mixture of solid
c) Mixture of metals and nonmetals for two or more metals.
d) Mixture of only one metal.
Ans-c) Mixture of metal and nonmetal or two or more metals.
4) Particles of colloidal solutions are
a) Seen by naked eye
b) Scatter the beam of light
c) Are very large in size
d) Are non uniformly suspended in liquid.
Ans-b) scatter the beam of light.
5) Suspension is
a) Homogeneous mixture
b) Heterogeneous mixture
c) Both
d) None of the above
Ans-b)Heterogeneous mixture. Suspension is a heterogeneous mixture of two or more different particles suspended in liquid.
6) Tyndall effect is shown by
a) Solution
b) Homogenous mixture
c) Heterogeneous mixture
d) Colloidal solution.
Ans-d)Colloidal solution, Tyndall effect is shown by colloidal solution because they have a small particles present in them which scatters the beam of light.
7) Which of the following is a chemical change?
a) Running on jogging track
b) Making orange juice
c) Burning of paper
d) Writing with a chalk
Ans-c) Burning of paper, Changes the chemical composition of paper
8) Example of liquid in liquid colloid is
a) Fog
b) Shaving cream
c) Milk
d) Butter
Ans- c)milk
9) Camphor can be separated from salt water by which method?
a) Filtration
b) Evaporation
c) Distillation
d) Sublimation
Ans-d) Sublimation, Temple separated by the process of sublimation in which camphor is directly evaporated without leaving any residue behind.
10)Which of the following is compound?
a) Copper
b) Copper sulphate solution
c) Hydrogen
d) Oxygen
Ans-b) Copper sulphate solution, it is made by combining copper and sulphate through chemical bonds.
11) Which method is used to separate two miscible liquids are components?
a) Evaporation
b) Filtration
c) Sublimation
d) Fractional distillation
Ans-d)Fractional distillation
12) Suspension has
a) Particles dissolved in solvent
b) Particles suspended in solvent
c) Small particles which do not settle at bottom
d) All the above
Ans-b) Particles suspended in solvent
13) Physical change shows
a) Change incomposition of substance
b) No Change incomposition of substance
c) Changing quantity of substance
d) Changing quality of substance
Ans-b) No change in composition of substance
14) Separation of drugs from blood is done by which technique?
a) Fractional distillation
b) Evaporation
c) Filtration
d) Chromatography
Ans- d)chormatography
15) In salt water solution salt is
a) Solute
b) Solvent
c) Mixture
d) Compound
Ans- a) solute
16) Blood is
a) Compound
b) Homogeneous mixture
c) Heterogeneous mixture
d) Element
Ans-c) heterogeneous mixture
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