As we discussed in chapter 1, that every living being eats different food according to taste, likes and dislikes.
Question and answers :
1.) Can you tell name of some food that you eat daily ?
Answers :- Yes, daily we eat chapati/ bhakri, rice, vegetables, fruits etc.
2.) Do you know some components of food ?
Answers :- Yes, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, proteins and fiber.
3.) What are vitamins ?
Answers :- Vitamins are nutrients which are needed in small amount.
4.) Name the food that rich in proteins.
Answer :- Eggs, milk, pulses,
5.) What are 2 types of vitamins ?
Answer :- Water soluble vitamins and fat soluble vitamins.
Lets start discussion about components of food. These components of food needed to body for growth and performing daily functions like walk, speech, movement, maintain body posture.
There are 28 states in India but every state have their own food according to their region.
Activity :1
Can you write name of food and name of state.
Sr. No. |
State | Name of special food |
1 | Maharashtra |
Puranpoli |
2 |
Punjab | Chholebhature |
3 | Andhra Pradesh |
Rice |
The major components of food are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, minerals, water, roughage and vitamins. All these components of food gives us nutrients. Nurients are those substances that keep us in working condition. So lets have a review first with carbohydrates.
1.) Carbohydrates :These are major energy source. Carbohydrates can be obtained from sugar, wheat, milk, potato. It is mainly obtained from plants and consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Therefore they are also called as carbs.
2.) Proteins : Proteins are important in growth, repair of cells in your body, development, growth of bones and muscles. They are also called as building blocks of the body, because our nails, hair, skin all it is made up of protein. So they are also important for hair growth and development. For example : proteins present in eggs, fishes, nuts, peas, yoghurt.
3.) Vitamins : Vitamin is a substance that needed in small amount but essential to the body. The word essential means that vitamins cannot be make in the body, so need to be taken from outside. There are 2 classes of vitamins :
Sources of vitamins are fruits, vegetables, milk, eggs.
4.) Water :Water is the important part of human diet. Our body made up of 70 % of water. It helps to keep the temperature of the body constant and digestion of the food.
5.) Lipids : Lipids are also called as fats, because they are energy storage molecules. They gives energy to the body and for absorption of nutrients. For example : milk, cheese, ghee.
6.) Minerals : Minerals are the substances that need in small amount but their presence is important in body. For example if we take salt dissolved in water that means we are taking minerals. They are important for bones, growth and loss of weight.
The example includes Calcium, Phosphorus, Iodine and Iron etc.
7.) Roughage :Roughages is part of plant food that your body cannot digest, they don’t play role in body building and energy but have important role in weight loss.
Activity 2
Can you guess which food gives which components present in the table :
Food |
Carbohydrates | Fats | Proteins |
Sugar | Yes |
|
|
Eggs |
Yes | ||
Cheese | Yes |
|
|
Raw potato |
Yes |
|