Chhattisgarh State Board Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Rights Exercise Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blanks, Questions and Answers here.
Chhattisgarh State Class 9 Social Science Chapter 13 Rights Solution
- Which rights of the people did the practice of slavery deny?
Ans: Equal citizens’ rights
- Compare the lifestyle of a citizen of a democratic country with that of a slave brought from Africa.
Ans: French traders would set sail from the ports of Bordeaux and Nantes for the African coast, where they would buy slaves from local chiefs. They would brand and handcuff the slaves and cram them into their ships for the three-monthlong journey across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean countries. Here, they would sell them to plantation owners from America. The slaves had to face tremendous hardships during the arduous sea voyage. The traders treated them like cattle. They were not properly fed so many of them fell ill.
Whereas, in a democratic country, citizens have their own fundamental rights and no one was allowed to mislead and trade citizens for business, as it is a punishable offence by law.
- What is a public place? Give some examples.
Ans: Public places refers to places where people could access easily.
Some examples are buses, trains, parks, restaurants and cinema houses.
- What miseries of the coloured Americans does the speech highlight?
Ans: Martin Luther King Jr.’s speech “I Have a Dream” highlights how the Black and white Americans were separated in many areas and in public places. African-Americans were subjected to discrimination in jobs, schooling, and housing. Coloured Americans had a greater probability than white Americans to be impoverished as well as White Americans often used violence against coloured Americans, involving assassinations and unlawful arrests.
- Describe the America Martin Luther King Jr dreams about in his speech.
Ans: Martin Luther King Jr. said that he had a hope that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and former slave masters will be able to sit down at the table of brotherhood together.
He had a dream that one day, even Mississippi, a state devastated by injustice and dictatorship, would be converted into a haven of liberty and justice.
He had a dream that one day, in Alabama, small black boys and girls would be allowed to clasp hands as sisters and brothers alongside tiny white boys and girls.
- What methods did the coloured Americans resort to during the civil rights movement to gain their electoral rights?
Ans: During the civil rights movement, coloured Americans used a variety of methods to gain their electoral rights, which included protests to set them free from unlawful discrimination, they even started to make public groups so that they can participate vote and have the right to elect their government; and lastly they fought so that the government can hear their voice and how they were subjected to discrimination, violence and marginalization and that the government should protect their rights.
- What problems would individuals face in life if they have no rights?
Ans: If the common people are denied their rights, then a limited number of people form the government. If rights are not given to all the people, the government’s policies and laws become one-sided and partisan. People cannot express their opinions about these laws and policies nor do they have the opportunity to change them. Also, if citizens’ rights are not protected, the government can easily oppress, exploit and manipulate the people
- How do rights help develop an individual’s personality?
Ans: Rights empower and free individuals. They give them the opportunity to be creative, innovative and original – in music, dance, writing, etc. The right to education helps us to progress in life. Rights equip us to negotiate life with dignity and honour. They can be seen as freedoms and facilities given to individuals by the state to enable them to grow and develop physically, emotionally and mentally.
- How do rights get their legal status?
Ans: Only when a right is granted legal force is it called a right. If there is no legal sanction, neither the people nor the state can demand the right. For example, the 86th amendment to the Indian constitution granted legal support to the right to education in 2002. Only then was this right recognised as a basic right of people.
- How was our life affected without the right to education?
Ans: a) Poverty was rising at a tremendous scale.
- b) Uneducated people compromised their health and was subjected to health related issues and problems.
- c) People would not be able to get jobs and unemployment was becoming a major issue.
- Can the following be considered as rights:
1.) The king’s order
Ans: No
2.) Rules decided upon by a community
Ans: Yes
3.) Rules made by the parliament.
Ans: Yes
4.) A facility extended to the people under rules made by the parliament.
Ans: Yes
- ) Whether it is the prime minister or a farm worker in a remote village, the same law governs everybody. No individual is allowed any special privilege under the law on the basis of birth or status. A few years ago, corruption charges were filed against a former prime minister. After deliberating the case, the court declared him innocent. But he had to attend the court proceedings like any other citizen during the pendency of the suit. He had to give evidence and submit documents to defend himself in the court. Which right is involved in this example?
Ans: Equality.
- ) a.) Which right permits rural people to migrate to urban areas, or people from impoverished regions to migrate to more prosperous regions, in search of work or to settle down?
Ans: The right to freedom of movement.
b.) Which right permits people to express their views by printing and circulating leaflets, or writing articles in newspapers and magazines?
Ans: The right to freedom of expression
- Children aged below 14 years are not allowed to do dangerous work in locations like factories, mines, ports or railways. The village head also cannot compel a child to work. Which right is involved in this example?
Ans: Right to protection from child labour.
- Why is it necessary for the minorities to preserve their language, culture and religion? Minorities – At a national level, they include not just the religious minorities. There can be other kinds of minorities like linguistic minorities. In any region of the country, the majority of the people speak one language. But there are also minorities who speak other languages or dialects. For example, in Andhra Pradesh, the majority speaks Telugu, but Telugu-speakers are a minority in Karnataka. In a similar way, minority and majority communities can be defined on the basis of religion or culture. Which fundamental right protects the minorities?
Ans: Right to Equality.
- There is a factory in our locality that discharges effluents that are polluting the drinking water. Diseases such as diarrhea, jaundice, skin rashes etc are spreading because of the polluted water. This endangers people’s life and health. Which Fundamental Right does this violate?
Ans: Right to life and personal liberty.
- What problems would people face in places where there is no human rights commission? Why would they face such problems?
Ans: If there was no human rights commission, people would face social discrimination and boycott, domestic violence, child abuse and violence, child marriage, dowry harassment, abuse of prisoners, child labour, bonded labour, pollution, revenue, human trafficking etc.
- Is it possible for a human rights commission to protect the rights of all individuals?
Ans: Yes, it is possible for a human rights commission to protect the rights of all individuals, because human rights are based on the premise that all human beings are equal and no human being is born to be a slave of another person.
- Discuss the following statements among yourselves and then say which human right was violated in each case:
1.) In India, 183 people died in police custody and 1,114 people died in legal custody in 1998- 99.
Ans: Human rights that have been violated, includes – the right to life and the freedom from torture and cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment.
2.) Around 3,000 prisoners were interned in Meerut jail, which had a capacity to accommodate only 650 prisoners.
Ans: Human rights that have been violated, include the right to humane conditions of detention.
- What problems did people face in getting information from various departments in the absence of the RTI? Discuss among yourselves.
Ans: People would face loss of transparency and truthful information, followed by government’s negligent, delayed responses followed by denying to respond to certain information requested by the public.
- How has the RTI brought transparency to the various departments?
Ans: The right to information gives us the authority to protect our rights. After the Parliament passed this act it came into effect from October 1, 2005. Information commissions have been set up at the central (Central Information Commission) and state (State Information Commission) levels. We can examine documents and records under the RTI and also get certified copies of records from any organization. If the organization fails to provide the information, we can file a complaint with the State Human Rights Commission.
- Who is the present information commissioner of Chhattisgarh state and who is the present central information commissioner?
Ans: The present information commissioner of Chhattisgarh state is Shri M. K. Raut. Mr. Yashvardhan Kumar Sinha is the present Central Information Commissioner.
- Fill in the RTI application form given below:
(Draft application form under the Right to Information Act)
1.) Name of the applicant` ……………………………………………………………………………………….
2.) Address ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
3.) Tel No (if any) …………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4.) Date of application ……………………………………………………………………………………………..
- Name of the office………………………………………………………………………………………………
6.) What information do you want ……………………………………………………………………………
(Copy, work inspection, record inspection, certified copy of record, certified sample)
7.) Fee deposited with application form Rs10
(cash/challan/money order/non-judicial stamp)
8.) Is the applicant below the poverty line? Yes/No
(If yes, kindly provide BPL card number)
Signature of applicant
Ans: Name of the applicant: Aryaman Sigha Roy
Address: K-19, Chanrapalli, Mukundupur station road, Kolkata: 7009299
Tel No: +918767739292
Date of application: August 4, 2023
Name of the office: Central Information Commission, New Delhi
What information do you want: A copy of the Central Information Commission’s annual report for the year 2022-23.
Fee deposited with application form: Rs. 10 (cash)
Is the applicant below the poverty line? No
Signature of applicant: Aryaman Sigha Roy
- Why did the need to create a women’s commission arise?
Ans: There are many women who face such hardships but hesitate to seek justice in the women’s police station, court or human rights commission. This is why a commission for women needed to be set up at the central and state levels.
- How does the commission for women help affected women?
Ans: The commission undertakes initiatives and organizes programmes in different places to generate awareness among women about their rights and the laws passed for their security
- What kind of work are child labourers usually engaged in? List the different kinds of work.
Ans: i) Mining
ii) Drug trafficking
iii) Begging
iv) Ploughing
v) Construction worker
- Why was the commission for the protection of child rights established?
Ans: Children below the age of 14 years who work are called child labour. Children of that age have many needs. If these needs are not fulfilled, their physical and mental development is affected. Keeping this in mind, all countries at the international level set up commissions for the protection of child rights. The consensus on child rights among these countries was that these rights should be respected and protected even in the most distressing situations such as war.
EXERCISES
1.) Fill in the blanks:
1.) The French Revolution occurred in …………………………..
Ans: 1789
2.) The slave trade began in the ……………………… century.
Ans: 15th
3.) The ………………………………………………. was created to protect women’s rights.
Ans: Constitution of India
4.) The constitution defines child labour as children aged below …………..…………… years.
Ans: 14
5.) Martin Luther King Jr led a movement for the rights of………………….…..…….. people.
Ans: African-American
6.) The present chairperson of the National Women’s Commission is……………………………
Ans: Rekha Sharma
2.) Choose the correct option:
i) Which constitutional amendment granted the right to education?
a) 82nd b) 84th
c) 86th d) 100th
Ans: c) 86th
ii) The current minimum voting age in India is:
a) 16 years b) 18 years
c) 21 years d) 25 years
Ans: b) 18 years
iii) Coloured people are the native inhabitants of:
a) America b) Europe
c) Africa d) Asia
Ans: a) America
3.) Answer the following questions:
1.) What does slavery mean?
Ans: Slavery is an arrangement in which individuals are held captive by others and compelled to labour without remuneration. Slaves are viewed as property, with no rights or liberties. They may be purchased, traded, and exchanged, and they can be punished or even murdered at the discretion of their owner.
2.) What is a summon?
Ans: Summon is issued by a court to any individual to present himself/ herself before the court. Summon is a procedure where the commission can call an accused person to eye-witnesses to appear before the commission, question any government official, and demand any government document.
3.) How are human rights violated?
Ans: Violation of human rights include cases where government officials stand accused of violating or preventing the violation of these rights. The violations cover social discrimination and boycott, domestic violence, child abuse and violence, child marriage, dowry harassment, abuse of prisoners, child labour, bonded labour, pollution, revenue, human trafficking etc.
4.) How does the Human Rights Commission protect human rights?
Ans: Human rights are based on the premise that all human beings are equal and no human being is born to be a slave of another person. The idea was propagated to challenge inequalities based on race, ethnicity, religion, gender etc. All modern democratic nations have created special institutions to formulate laws and generate awareness to protect people’s rights. The Declaration of Human Rights accepts and includes all basic human needs as well as all key democratic ideals – such as freedom, equality, justice, human dignity etc. All signatory nations have set up human rights commissions to oversee the proper implementation of these rights and prevent their violation.
5.) When did the coloured people in America get unrestricted right to vote?
Ans: In 1766, the coloured people in America get unrestricted right to vote.
6.) What functions does the commission for women perform?
Ans: The commission for women was established to promote women’s social and economic standing and to advise the government on women’s welfare. It seeks to provide women with constitutional and legal protection, examine instances of bonded women, and empower women to be self-confident and self-sufficient. The National Commission for Women strives to end child marriage, provide financial help to abandoned, bereaved, or divorced women, reduce female foeticide, and empower women from minority and disadvantaged castes. It also aims to raise awareness among women about the need to oppose exploitation and injustice.
7.) Why was the commission for protection of child rights set up?
Ans: Children below the age of 14 years who work are called child labour. Children of that age have many needs. If these needs are not fulfilled, their physical and mental development is affected. Keeping this in mind, all countries at the international level set up commissions for the protection of child rights.
8.) What was the main reason for racial discrimination of the coloured people by white Americans?
Ans: The main reason for racial discrimination of the coloured people by white Americans, was that the coloured people were seen as minority, and also because during that period the practice of slavery was widely prevalent, The coloured people continued to face various kinds of discrimination which prevented them from registering as voters as many states made laws to keep them away from voting or enjoying other civil rights. They were not permitted to sit with white Americans in public places like buses, trains, parks, restaurants and cinema houses. They could not interact as equals with them. They did not have equal access to public leisure and dining places.
9.) Why is the right to information important in your life?
Ans: The RTI Act mandates that the required information should be provided to the petitioner within 30 days. If the matter concerns an individual’s right to freedom or right to life, the information should be provided within 48 hours. Failure to provide the information in the stipulated time invites a daily penalty of Rs250 on the defaulting organization or authority, subject to a maximum fine of Rs25,000. The RTI has brought transparency to the functioning of both public and private institutions and also ensured that records are maintained properly. That is why, right to information is important in my life
10.) Discuss whether the fundamental rights in the constitution are a reflection of universal humanrights.
Ans: In recent years, India’s Supreme Court and High Courts in numerous states have viewed many issues through the lens of fundamental rights. They have rendered decisions in several matters based on the fundamental rights established in the constitution. The courts now recognise that clean drinking water, a pollution-free environment, food, and education are all essential components of the right to live a decent life. For example, in a 1992 lawsuit brought by Mohini Jain against the state of Karnataka, the Supreme Court found in her favour, stating that the need for education is a basic right to freedom and life. The court reasoned that education was required for people to advance in life and live in dignity. On the basis of this judgement, the parliament approved the 86th Amendment Act of 2002, which established education as a fundamental right.
Also See: Gender Equality and Women’s Rights Class 9 Questions