Cadmium :
Define: Cadmium is transition metal. Which is soft ,shiny and lustrous in nature. It is easily cut by knife . It properties is similar to zinc and mercury. It is found in earth crust in the form of Greenockite, and sphalerite ore . It is also obtained as by-product in zinc refining process.
It is toxic in nature .it is carcinogenic hence it is cause defect and cancer . It is present in body about 50 milligram
Discovery : cadmium is discovered in 1817 by scientist Friedrich stromeyer
Origin of name :. The name is originated from Latin word ‘ cadmia’
It is name for the mineral calamine .
Physical properties :
Atomic symbol: cadmium is denoted by symbol Cd
Atomic number : atomic number of Cadmium is 48
In cadmium 48 proton and 48 electron is present
Atomic weight/ mass: atomic weight of cadmium is 112.4 Amu
In cadmium 48 proton and 64 neutron is present
Position : it is place in periodic table at 5th period and 12th group
Block : it is place in p block
Colour :cadmium show silvery white colour.
Nature :. Cadmium show solid in nature
Boiling point : boiling point of cadmium is 7670 C
Melting point :melting point of cadmium is 321.6 0C
Isotopes:
Cadmium show 8 stable isotope
106Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 105.9 Amu approximately 106 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton ,48 electron and 58 neutron is present
It is present 1.25 % in nature
108Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 107.9 Amu approximately 108 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 60 neutron is present
It is present 0.98 % in nature
111Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 110.9 approximately 111 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 63 neutron is present
It is present 12.4 % in nature
112Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 11.9 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 64 neutron is present
It is present 24.1 % in nature
113Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 112.9 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 65 neutron is present
It is present 12.2 % in nature
114Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 113.9 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 66 neutron is present
It is present 28.7 % in nature
116Cd: atomic weight of this isotope is 115.9 Amu
In this isotope 48 proton, 48 electron and 68 neutron is present
It is present 7.4 % in nature
Chemical properties :
Electronic configuration
Electronic configuration of cadmium is [ kr] 4d10 5S2
Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,8,18,18,2
Electronic structure
Valency :valency of cadmium is 2
Atomic radius : atomic radius of cadmium is 161 pm
Reactivity : cadmium is less reactive element. It is rarely react with acid
Uses:
Cadmium is use to make cathode Ray tube which is use T.V set
It is act as yellow , orange, red pigment
It is use in nuclear reactor for atomic fission
It is use as electroplating agent to prevention from corrosion.
Mostly cadmium use in batteries
It is also use in plastics
It is use in fire sprinklers as a plug
Cadmium have low cost and use in expensive jewellery and children jewellery.
Question and Answer:
Q1. Define Cadmium
Q2. Who discovered Cadmium?
Q2. Physical properties of Cadmium
Q4. Write Atomic Symbol of Cadmium.
Q5. Write the Atomic number of Cadmium.
Q6. On which block Cadmium element is present?
Q7. What is the color of Cadmium?
Q8. What is the Boiling point of Cadmium?
Q9. What is the Melting point of Cadmium?
Q10. Write the Isotopes of Cadmium.
Q11. Show Electronic configuration of Cadmium.
Q12. Write Electronic Structure of Cadmium.
Q13. What is the Valency of Cadmium?
Q14. Write the uses of Cadmium element.
