Boron – Learn all details regarding Boron in Periodic Table i.e. Atomic Mass, Number, Physical, Chemical properties, Electronic configuration, Valency, Chemical reaction, Uses
Boron
Boron is a Metalloids found in the earth crust . It show metallic as well as non metallic properties .
Discovery : It is first discover by English chemist sir Humphry Davy and French chemist gay lussac and louis Thenand in 1808
It is first isolated from earth crust by huphery Davy at 9 July 1808
Physical properties
1) Atomic symbol : it is denoted by the symbol of B .
2) Atomic number : atomic number of boron is 5 Boron atom have 5 proton in nucleus and 5 electron in shell .
3) Atomic weight :. Atomic weight of boron is 10.811 near about 11 amu ( Atomic mass unit ) In boron 5 proton and 6 neutron is present hence boron show 11 amu atomic weight
4) Position : it is placed in periodic table at 13 group ( column ) and 2 Row ( period )
5) Block – Boron is p block element
6) Colour : boron show black brown colour
7) Nature : it is found in solid state.
8) Melting point : Melting point of boron is 20760 C
9) Boiling point : Boiling point of boron is 39270 C
10) Isotopes :
Boron show 2 stable isotopes 10B , 11B
Boron 10 found in nature only 20%
And boron 11 found in nature 80 %
Chemical properties :
Electronic configuration :
Electronic configuration of boron is 1S2 2S2 2P1
Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,3
In boron 5 electron is present . 2 electron occupy S orbital , next 2 electron occupy S orbital and remaining 1 electron occupy P orbital . Outer most electron in P orbital hence it place in p block. In periodic table.
2) electronic structure :
3) valency :
Boron atom show 3 valency Because in outer shell 3 valence electrons is present .
4) chemical reactivity :
1) It is less reactive with water . It show insolubility in water
2) boron burn in air ( oxygen ) form boron oxides .
Uses :
1) It is use to make polymer and ceramic.
2) Boron is use to make borosilicate glass .
3) Borate is use as a insecticide in agriculture field .
4) Boric acid and sodium borate use in medicine such as eye drops It is also use as a antiseptic .
5) Boric acid use in washing powder .
6) Boron is main constituents in pest control . It is use as a pest control agent