32/2/1 2019 Class 10 Social Science Question Paper Solution
SOCIAL SCIENCE
SECTION A
1) Explain the aim to form ‘Zollverein’, a Customs Union, in 1834 in Germany.
Ans: (i) To abolish tariff barriers (ii) To reduce number of currencies from 30 to 2 (Any One)
OR
Explain the main reason responsible for the eruption of a major protest in Saigon Native Girls School in Vietnam in 1926.
Ans: A Vietnamese girl sitting in one of the front seats was asked to move to the back of the class and allow a local French student to occupy the front bench, she refused and she was expelled.
2) Why was printing of textbooks sponsored by the Imperial State in China ?
Ans: Vast number of printing textbooks were required:
For the recruitment of huge no. of bureaucratic personnel through civil service examination in china.
OR
Why did Chandu Menon give up the idea of translation of ‘English Novels’ in Malayalam ?
Ans: (i) Readers in Kerala were not familiar with the way in which the characters in English novels lived; their clothes, way of speaking and manners were unknown to them.
(ii) They would find a direct translation of an English novel dread fully boring.
3) How has Shillong solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?
Ans: Roof top rain water harvesting was practiced; total water requirement of the household was fulfilled.
OR
How has Tamil Nadu solved the problem of acute shortage of water ?
Ans: Tamil Nadu is the first in India which has made roof top rain water harvesting structure compulsory under the law to all the houses across the state
4) How did the feeling of alienation develop among the Sri Lankan Tamils ?
Ans: The leaders of the Sinhala Community sought to secure dominance over government by virtue of their majority/ Sinhala became the only official language/ Sinhala applicants were preferred in university position and government jobs/ Buddhism was made state religion through a new constitution.
5) What may be a developmental goal of farmers who depend only on rain for growing crops ?
Ans: Well developed irrigation system/ compensation in the absence of rain/ crop insurance/ highest support prices to their crops/ Non farming activities –Dairy etc should be encouraged /Agricultural loans(KCC)
OR
What may be a developmental goal of urban unemployed youth ?
Ans: To get job/ loans for business/start up skill development /career counselling
6) Give one example each of modern currency and older currency.
Ans: Modern currency – Paper notes/coins, old currency – metallic coins like gold, silver & copper coins.
7) If you want to purchase an electrical valuable good, what logo would you like to see to confirm its quality ?
Ans: ISI Logo
SECTION B
8) Describe the great economic hardship that prevailed in Europe during the 1930s.
Ans: Economic hardships:
(i) Increase in population all over Europe
(ii) More job seekers than employment
(iii)Rural population migrated to urban areas, overcrowded slums
(iv)Any other relevant point to be described.
OR
Describe the serious problem faced by the modern part of Hanoi in 1903.
Ans: Problems faced by modern part of Hanoi –
(i) Hanoi was struck by bubonic plague.
(ii) Measures to control the spread of disease created social conflicts
(iii)Rats problem
(iv) Any other relevant point to be described.
9) How had the printing press created a new culture of reading in Europe ? Explain with examples.
Ans: (i) Access to books created a new culture of reading
(ii) Common people lived in a world of oral culture
(iii) Now the books were less expensive and could be produced in sufficient number.
(iv) Any other relevant point)
OR
How had Charles Dickens depicted the terrible effects of industrialisation on peoples lives and characters ? Explain with examples.
Ans: Effects of industrialization-
(i) In hard times Charles Dickens describe a fictitious industrial town, coke town , a grim place full of machinery, smoking chimneys, Polluted rivers
(ii) Workers are known as hands
(iii) Dickens criticized not just greed for profit but also the ideas that reduced human being into a simple instruments of production. (iv)Any other relevant point
10) Describe any three main features of ‘Alluvial soil’ found in India.
Ans: (i) Alluvial soil is widely spread over the northern plains by the three Himalayan river systems – The Indus, The Ganga and The Brahmputra.
(ii) Most fertile soil among all soil types.
(iii) Alluvial soil classified as Bhangar and Khader.
(iv) It contains potash, Phosphoric acid and lime.
(v) Any other relevant point
OR
Describe any three main features of ‘Black soil’ found in India.
Ans: (I) Black soil is black in colour and also known as Regur Soil.
(II) Black soil is well known for its capacity to hold moisture
(III) It is rich in calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash & lime.
(IV) It is ideal for growing cotton.
(V) This type of soil is typical of the Deccan trap region spread over northwest Deccan Plateau.
(VI) It is made up of lava flow
(VII) Any other relevant point
11) ‘‘The dams that were constructed to control floods have triggered floods.’’ Analyse the statement.
Ans: (I) Sedimentation in the reserves causes floods.
(II) Big dams are mostly been unsuccessful in controlling floods at the time of excessive rainfall.
(III) Sudden release of water from Dams causes devastation & flood.
(IV) Any other relevant point
12) Name any two subjects that are included in Concurrent List. How are laws made on these subjects ? Explain.
Ans: Concurrent list – Education , Forest, Marriage, Adoption and Succession (Any Two) Both the union as well as the state government can make laws on the subjects mentioned in this list if their laws conflict with each other the law made by the union government will prevail.
OR
How is sharing of power between the Union and the State Governments basic to the structure of the Constitution of India ? Explain.
Ans: Power sharing basic structure of constitution :
(i) It is not easy to make changes to power sharing arrangement.
(ii) Parliament can’t on its own change this arrangement
(iii)Any change to it has to be first passed by both the houses of parliament, with at least 2/3 majority.
(iv)Then it has to be ratified by legislature of at least half of the total states.
(v) Any three points to be analyzed
13) ‘‘Every social difference does not lead to social division.’’ Justify the statement.
Ans: Every social differences does not lead to social division:
(i) Social differences divide similar people from one another, but they also unite very different people.
(ii) People belonging to different social groups share differences and similarities cutting across the boundaries of their groups.
(iii)For example: Carlos and Smith were similar in one way with Norman but different in other ways.
14) How can caste take several forms in politics ? Explain with examples
Ans: Caste take several forms:
(i) When parties choose candidates in elections they keep in mind the caste composition.
(ii) Political parties and candidates in elections make appeals to cast sentiments to muster support.
(iii) No parliamentary constituency in the country has the clear majority of one single caste so every candidate and party needs to wins the confidence of more than one caste and community.
(iv) Any other relevant point to be explained
15) ‘‘Crude oil reserves are limited all over the world. If people continue to extract it at the present rate, the reserves would last only 35 – 40 years more.’’ Explain any three ways to solve this problem.
Ans: Reserves of crude oil:
(i) Judicious use of oil
(ii) Use of renewable resources
(iii)Sustainable development of energy resources
(iv) Promotion of energy conservation.
(v) Any other relevant point to be explained
16) Why is it necessary to increase a large number of banks mainly in rural areas ? Explain.
Ans: Increase large number of banks:
(i) To reduce the dependence on informal sector of credit
(ii) To provide cheaper loans.
(iii)To provide accessibility towards loans for the poor
(iv)Any other relevant point to be explained
OR
Why are service conditions of formal sector loans better than informal sector ? Explain.
Ans: Formal sector are better than informal sector:
(i) Low interest rate
(ii) Transparency
(iii) Supervision by the Reserve Bank of India on the functioning of the formal sector.
(iv) No use of unfair means for getting the money back. Any other relevant point to be explained
17) How can the Government of India play a major role to make globalisation more fair ? Explain with examples.
Ans: Role of Government in making Golabalisation fairer:
(i) The Govt. policies must protect the interest of not only the rich but all citizens of the country.
(ii) It can ensure the proper implementation of labour laws.
(iii)Small producers should be supported to improve their performance
(iv)Use of trade & investment barriers to protect the small producers.
(v) Any other relevant to be explained
OR
How has globalisation affected the life of Indians ? Explain with examples.
Ans: Effects of Globalisation:
(i) Advantage to consumers particularly well of sections in the urban areas.
(ii) Wider choice before the consumer
(iii)Improved quality and lower prices for several products.
(iv)Any other relevant point
18) How are consumers enjoying the ‘right to be informed’ in their daily life ? Explain with examples.
Ans: Benefits to the Consumers:
(i) Information regarding particulars of goods and services that they purchase.
(ii) Complaints, compensation or replacement if the product is defective.
(iii) Product cannot be sold above M.R.P.
(iv) Further the consumer can bargain with the seller to sell at less than the M.R.P.
(v) Any other relevant point to be explained with examples
SECTION C
19) How had the ‘First World War’ created economic problems in India ? Explain with examples.
Ans: First World War created economic problems in India:
(i) It led to a huge increase on defence expenditure
(ii) Taxes were increased
(iii) Custom duties were raised.
(iv)Income Tax was introduced.
(v) Forced recruitment in Army from rural areas.
(vi)The failure of crops in many parts of India.
(vii) Prices of consumer goods almost doubled from 1913-1918
(viii) Any other relevant point to be explained
OR
How had a variety of cultural processes developed a sense of collective belongingness in India during the 19th century ? Explain with examples.
Ans: Collective belongingness:
(i) History and fiction, folklore and songs, popular prints and symbols, All played a part in the making of nationalism.
(ii) Identity of the Nation was most often symbolized in a figure or image.
(iii) The identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata.
(iv) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhya and Ravindra North Tagore created a picture of Bharat Mata.
(v) Vande Matram as a hymn for the motherland.
(vi) Folklores and tales gave true picture of traditional culture.
(vii) Any other relevant point to be explained
20) Describe the role of ‘technology’ in transformation of the world in the nineteenth century.
Ans: Role of technology:
(i) The railways, steamships, the telegraph for example were important inventions without which we cannot imagine the transformed nineteenth century world.
(ii) Technology advances were often the result of larger social political and economic factors.
(iii)Colonization stimulated new investment
(iv) Improvement in transport
(v) Larger ships helped move food more cheap.
(vi) Any other relevant point to be described
OR
Describe the life of workers during the nineteenth century in England.
Ans: Life of Workers:
(i) The abundance of labour in the market affected the lives of workers.
(ii) As the news of possible jobs travelled to the countryside, hundreds tramped to the cities.
(iii) The actual possibility of getting job depends on existing network of friendship & kinship
(v) Many job seekers had to wait weeks spending nights under bridges or in night Shelters
(vi)Any other relevant point to be described.
OR
Describe various steps taken to clean up London in the nineteenth century.
Ans: Clean up London:
(i) Attempts were made to decongest localities
(ii) Green & Open spaces were expanded.
(iii) Attempts were made to reduce pollution
(iv) Cities were converted into landscape.
(v) Large blocks of apartments were built to accommodate people.
(vi) Concept of garden city was initiated by Howard.
(vii) Any other relevant point to be described.
21) Name the two major beverage crops grown in India. Describe their growing areas.
Ans: Two major beverage crops: Tea and coffee
Tea growing areas:- Assam , West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Kerala Coffee producing states: Karnataka, Kerala and Tamil Nadu
22) How can the industrial pollution of fresh water be reduced ? Explain various ways.
Ans: Control of industrial pollution of fresh water :-
(i) Minimizing the use of water for processing by reusing.
(ii) Harvesting of rain water to meet water requirement.
(iii)Treating hot water and effluents before releasing them in rivers and ponds.
(iv)Regulation of use of ground water by industries.
(v) Installing water treatment plants at the industrial sites for recycling.
(vi) Any other relevant points to be explained
23) ‘‘Democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.’’ Justify the statement.
Ans: Success of Democracies in reducing economic inequalities:
(i) We find growing economic inequalities in Democratic countries.
(ii) A small number of ultra rich enjoys a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes.
(iii)Their share in the total income of the country has been increasing.
(iv)The income of poor have been decline sometimes they find it difficult to meet their basic needs of life.
(v) Though democracies gradually reducing the number of poor from poverty & hunger.
(vi) Any other relevant point to be justified
OR
‘‘Democracy is a better form of government than any other form of government.’’ Justify the statement
Ans: Democracy as better form of government:
(i) Promotes equality among citizens
(ii) Enhances the dignity of the individual
(iii)Improves the quality of decision making
(iv)Provides a method to resolve conflict
(v) Allows room to correct mistake.
(vi)Democracy is more accountable, responsive and legitimate government.
(vii) Democracy accommodates social diversities in a bettermanner.
(viii) Any other relevant point to be justified
24) What is a political party ? Explain any four characteristics of a political party.
Ans: A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government. Characteristics of political party:
(i) Contest elections
(ii) They have their own programmes , policies and ideology
(iii)Political parties play a decisive role in making laws.
(iv)Political parties form and run governments.
(v) Play important role of opposition.
(vi)Parties shape public opinion
(vii) Any other relevant point to be explained
25) Compare the economic activities of the private sector with that of the public sector.
Ans: Comparison of economic activities in Private sector and Public sector economic activities:
(i) Most of the assets of public sector are owned by the government while private sector is owned by individuals or group of individuals.
(ii) Govt. provides all services in public sector while in private sector it depends on private owner.
(iii)Govt. raises money for various activities through taxes while private sector collects money for the services they provide.
(iv)Activities in the private sector are guided by the motive to earn profits while public sector is not just to earn profits.
(v) Railways, Post office are examples of public sector while Tata Steel and Reliance are example of private sector.
SECTION D
26) (A) Two features ‘a’ and ‘b’ are marked on the given political outline map of India (on page 11). Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the
lines marked near them :
(a) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held.
(b) The place where Gandhiji violated the salt law.
(B) Locate and label any three of the following with appropriate symbols
on the same given outline political map of India :
(i) Bokaro – Iron and Steel Plant
(ii) Gandhinagar – Software Technology Park
(iii) Tarapur – Nuclear Power Plant
(iv) Salal – Dam
(v) Tuticorin – Sea Port
Ans: Map is attached for question no 26 A & B
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