The Excretory System assertion reason questions for Class 10 ICSE
1.) Assertion (A): The kidneys filter blood to remove waste products.
Reason (R): Filtration occurs in the renal corpuscle, where blood is filtered into the renal tubules.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
2.) Assertion (A): Urea is a nitrogenous waste product excreted in urine.
Reason (R): Urea is produced in the liver as a byproduct of protein metabolism.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
3.) Assertion (A): The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney.
Reason (R): Each kidney contains a large number of nephrons responsible for urine formation.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
4.) Assertion (A): Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidney.
Reason (R): ADH acts on the collecting ducts to increase water permeability.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
5.) Assertion (A): The urinary bladder stores urine before excretion.
Reason (R): The detrusor muscle contracts to expel urine from the bladder.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
6.) Assertion (A): Renin is an enzyme involved in blood pressure regulation.
Reason (R): Renin is released by the kidneys in response to low blood pressure.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
7.) Assertion (A): Glomerular filtration is the first step in urine formation.
Reason (R): Blood pressure forces water and solutes from the glomerulus into the Bowman’s capsule.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
8.) Assertion (A): The urethra serves as a common duct for both urine and semen in males.
Reason (R): The urethra transports urine from the bladder and semen from the reproductive system.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
9.) Assertion (A): Aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption in the distal tubules of the nephron.
Reason (R): Aldosterone is released in response to low sodium levels and high potassium levels.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
10.) Assertion (A): Filtration, reabsorption, and secretion are the three main processes in urine formation.
Reason (R): Filtration occurs in the glomerulus, reabsorption occurs in the renal tubules, and secretion involves substances moving from the blood to the filtrate.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
11.) Assertion (A): ADH is produced by the hypothalamus.
Reason (R): ADH is released by the posterior pituitary gland in response to low blood volume.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
12.) Assertion (A): The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in the kidney medulla.
Reason (R): The loop of Henle actively pumps sodium and chloride ions out of the filtrate.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
13.) Assertion (A): Erythropoietin stimulates the production of red blood cells.
Reason (R): Erythropoietin is released by the kidneys in response to low oxygen levels.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
14.) Assertion (A): Kidneys help regulate acid-base balance in the body.
Reason (R): The kidneys excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate ions to maintain pH.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
15.) Assertion (A): The juxtaglomerular apparatus releases renin.
Reason (R): The juxtaglomerular apparatus is located in the renal medulla.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (b) Both A and R are False
16.) Assertion (A): The ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
Reason (R): Peristaltic contractions of the ureter walls propel urine toward the bladder.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
17.) Assertion (A): The bladder expands as it fills with urine.
Reason (R): The detrusor muscle contracts to accommodate increasing urine volume.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
18.) Assertion (A): The filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle is selectively permeable.
Reason (R): The filtration membrane allows small molecules like water and ions to pass through, but larger molecules like proteins are retained.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
19.) Assertion (A): Glomerular filtrate is isotonic to blood plasma.
Reason (R): Most of the water and solutes in the blood pass through the filtration membrane into the Bowman’s capsule.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (b) Both A and R are False
20.) Assertion (A): The collecting ducts are responsible for the final adjustment of urine concentration.
Reason (R): The collecting ducts reabsorb water in response to the levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
21.) Assertion (A): Kidneys help regulate blood pressure.
Reason (R): The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is involved in blood pressure regulation.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
22.) Assertion (A): Creatinine is a waste product excreted in urine.
Reason (R): Creatinine is produced in muscles and filtered by the kidneys.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
23.) Assertion (A): Kidneys play a role in calcium homeostasis.
Reason (R): The kidneys regulate the excretion and reabsorption of calcium ions.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
24.) Assertion (A): Albumin is a protein normally found in urine.
Reason (R): The glomerular filtration membrane prevents large proteins like albumin from entering the renal tubules.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (b) Both A and R are False
- ) Assertion (A): The medulla of the kidney contains renal pyramids.
Reason (R): The renal pyramids are structures that contain collecting ducts and transport urine to the renal pelvis.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
26.) Assertion (A): The urea cycle occurs in the liver.
Reason (R): The urea cycle converts ammonia, a waste product of protein metabolism, into urea for excretion.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
27.) Assertion (A): Kidneys help regulate the acid-base balance of the body.
Reason (R): The kidneys can excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate ions to maintain proper pH.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
28.) Assertion (A): Renal pelvis is a part of the nephron.
Reason (R): The renal pelvis is the innermost part of the kidney that collects urine before it passes into the ureter.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (b) Both A and R are False
29.) Assertion (A): Kidneys play a role in regulating blood glucose levels.
Reason (R): The kidneys can reabsorb glucose from the filtrate back into the blood.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
- ) Assertion (A): The loop of Henle is responsible for the reabsorption of water and ions.
Reason (R): The loop of Henle creates a concentration gradient in the kidney medulla.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
31.) Assertion (A): Dialysis is a medical procedure used to filter the blood in individuals with kidney failure.
Reason (R): Dialysis mimics the functions of the kidneys by removing waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
32.) Assertion (A): Inulin is used to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR).
Reason (R): Inulin is freely filtered by the glomerulus but is neither reabsorbed nor secreted by the renal tubules.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
- ) Assertion (A): Diabetes mellitus can lead to kidney damage.
Reason (R): High blood glucose levels in diabetes can damage the small blood vessels in the kidneys.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
34.) Assertion (A): The juxtaglomerular apparatus is involved in the regulation of blood pressure.
Reason (R): The juxtaglomerular apparatus releases renin in response to changes in blood pressure.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
35.) Assertion (A): Kidneys filter the blood to remove excess salts and minerals.
Reason (R): Filtration in the glomerulus allows small molecules, including ions, to pass into the renal tubules.
(a) Both A and R are True
(b) Both A and R are False
(c) A is True and R is False
(d) A is False and R is True
Answer: (a) Both A and R are True