The Earth–Our Living Planet Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes
We have provided here The Earth–Our Living Planet Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes by our Experienced Teacher. This Extra Questions and Answers Notes consists of MCQ Questions and Answers; Very Short Type Questions and Answer & Short Type Questions and Answers.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):
1.) What is the Earth’s shape often described as?
A.) Ellipsoid
B.) Geoid
C.) Sphere
D.) Oval
Answer: B.)
2.) Which continent is the largest in the world?
A.) Africa
B.) Asia
C.) North America
D.) Europe
Answer: B.)
3.) Which ocean is the largest and deepest?
A.) Atlantic Ocean
B.) Indian Ocean
C.) Pacific Ocean
D.) Arctic Ocean
Answer: C.)
4.) What is the longitude of the Prime Meridian?
A.) 90° E
B.) 0°
C.) 180°
D.) 45° W
Answer: B.)
5.) How many time zones are there in the world?
A.) 12
B.) 24
C.) 36
D.) 48
Answer: B
6.) What is the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer?
A.) 23. 5° North
B.) 23. 5° South
C.) 66. 5° North
D.) 66. 5° South
Answer: A.)
7.) What is the ratio of land to water on Earth’s surface?
A.) 1:1
B.) 1:2. 43
C.) 2:1
D.) 3:1
Answer: B
8.) Which hemisphere is known as the “Land Hemisphere”?
A.) Northern Hemisphere
B.) Southern Hemisphere
C.) Eastern Hemisphere
D.) Western Hemisphere
Answer: A.)
9.) What is the name of the line used to adjust the date when circumnavigating the Earth?
A.) Prime Meridian
B.) Equator
C.) International Date Line
D.) Tropic of Cancer
Answer: C.)
10.) What is the standard time in India based on the Indian Standard Time (IST)?
A.) 3 hours ahead of GMT
B.) 4 hours ahead of GMT
C.) 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT
D.) 6 hours ahead of GMT
Answer: C.)
One liner:
1.) What is the shape of the Earth often described as?
Answer: Geoid
2.) How many continents are there on Earth?
Answer: Seven
3.) Name the largest ocean on Earth.
Answer: Pacific
4.) What is the latitude of the Tropic of Capricorn?
Answer: 23. 5° South
5.) Which meridian has been chosen as the Prime Meridian?
Answer: Greenwich
6.) What is the time difference for every one degree of longitude?
Answer: 4 minutes
7.) What is the standard time in India based on?
Answer: Indian Standard Time (IST)
8.) How many time zones are there in the world?
Answer: 24
9.) Which country has 11 time zones due to its vast longitudinal extent?
Answer: Russia
10.) What is the line used to adjust the date for circumnavigators?
Answer: International Date Line
Short answer type:
1.) What nickname is often given to the Earth because of its suitability for life?
Answer: Earth is often called the “blue planet” among other names.
2.) What percentage of the earth’s surface is covered by water?
Answer: Approximately 70. 78% of Earth’s surface is covered by water.
3.) How many continents are there on Earth, and which one is the largest?
Answer: There are seven continents on Earth, and Asia is the largest among them.
4.) What are the names of the four largest oceans on Earth?
Answer: The four main oceans are the Pacific Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, the Indian Ocean and the Arctic Ocean.
5.) What shape is the Earth and why is it described that way?
Answer: The shape of the Earth is often described as a geoid, meaning that it is flat at the poles and curved at the equator. This shape is called a “flat ball”.
6.) What is the meaning of prime meridian and where is it located?
Answer: The prime meridian is marked as 0° longitude and passes through Greenwich, England. It is used worldwide as a reference point for measuring longitude.
7.) How much latitude is there on Earth and what is the length of one degree of latitude?
Answer: Earth has 181 degrees of latitude, including the equator. The distance between two degrees of latitude on Earth is approximately 110. 4 kilometers.
8.) How is time related to longitude and what is the time difference at each longitude?
Answer: There is a time difference of 4 minutes for every one degree of longitude. This leads to a time difference of one hour for every 15 degrees of longitude.
9.) What is the International Date Line, and why is it significant?
Answer: The International Date Line (IDL) is a line passing through the 180° meridian, and it is used to adjust dates and days of the week for travelers circumnavigating the world.
10.) What is standard time and which meridian is considered standard meridian in India?
Answer: Standard time is a uniform time that is followed throughout the country. In India, the standard meridian is 82. 5° E and passes through Allahabad, known as Indian Standard Time (IST), which is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT.
Long answer type:
1.) What does latitude and longitude mean on the Earth’s surface?
Answer: Latitudes and longitudes play a crucial role in determining locations on the Earth’s spherical surface. Latitudes are circles that run parallel to the equator and measure the angular distance north or south of it. They help determine the location of a place relative to the equator. Longitudes or meridians intersect at right angles to latitudes and connect the north and south poles. They indicate the east-west position of the place and are important for determining time differences. Together, these lines create a grid that allows for precise navigation, distance calculation and direction on our planet.
2.) How does the shape of the Earth differ from a perfect sphere and what are the consequences of this shape?
Answer: The shape of the Earth is described as a “flat sphere”, meaning that it is flat at the poles and concave at the equator. This deviation from a perfect sphere is due to its rotation. The equatorial diameter is slightly larger than the polar diameter, which causes its distortion. The consequences of that form are fluctuations in gravity, differences in meridian spacing, and the formation of separate hemispheres. This affects navigation, and depending on latitude, different distances can be traveled by longitude. In addition, the shape of the Earth affects the uneven distribution of land and water, with more land in the Northern Hemisphere and more water in the Southern Hemisphere.
3.) What is the meaning of the International Date Line and why was it established?
Answer: The International Date Line (IDL) is a line that passes through the 180th meridian opposite the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) meridian. It was founded to solve the problem of keeping accurate dates and days of the week for travelers around the world. Crossing the IDL from west to east (eg from Asia to North America) adds a day, while crossing from east to west (eg from North America to Asia) subtracts a day. This fix is necessary to ensure that people do not experience significant calendar disruptions during long-distance travel. IDL ensures global date and time consistency, avoiding confusion when moving between time zones.
4.) How does local time differ from standard time and why is standard time necessary for countries?
Answer: Local time is based on the position of the Sun at a particular location and varies from place to place due to the rotation of the Earth. It is determined by the local meridian running across the area. In contrast, standard time is the uniform time observed throughout the country, usually based on the central meridian or metropolitan meridian. Standard time is essential to maintain consistency and avoid domestic confusion, especially in larger countries like India, where different regions cover different longitudes. Standard time ensures that all parts of the country use the same time of day, making communication, transportation and daily life easier.
5.) What are the main consequences of the unequal distribution of land and water between the northern and southern hemispheres?
Answer: The unequal distribution of land and water between the northern and southern hemispheres has significant geographical implications. The Northern Hemisphere has more land (about 60%) compared to water (about 40%), giving it the nickname “The Globe”. In contrast, the Southern Hemisphere has more water (about 81%) and less land (about 19%), which is why it is called the “Water Hemisphere”.
This distribution affects climate, ecosystems and population patterns. The Northern Hemisphere has a wider climatic range and supports a larger population due to its larger land area. The southern hemisphere and its vast oceans have a milder and more stable climate. These differences affect everything from weather patterns to biodiversity and economic development.