NCERT Class 6 English Grammar Punctuation
NCERT Class 6 English Grammar Punctuation: To make our statements easier to read and understand, we punctuate them with a variety of symbols. When writing in English, proper punctuation is required.
In simple words, the symbols that are used to divide words and make sentences are known as punctuation.
List of Punctuation Marks,
Full stop (.) ,
Comma (,),
Question Mark (?),
Dash (-),
Semicolon (;),
Apostrophe (‘),
Mark of Exclamation (!),
Inverted Commas (” “).
1) Full Stop –
It stands for the lengthiest pause. Every assertive and imperative statement ends with it.
A full stop signifies that the thought being communicated in the sentence is finished and does not continue.
Example- I am going to school.
Shahin is absent today.
To indicate initials and abbreviations, such as (B.A., LL.B., M.P., M.A., M.B.B.S., Dr. A.S. Varma, Mrs. S.B. Sinha.
a) After an abbreviation, there must be a comma.
b) If the sentence ends in an abbreviation, there is no need to add another (.).
2) Commas –
It has the shortest pause. The use of it depends on the meaning of the statement. When used:
Example, Sahil, Rakesh, Radha, and Chitra are not present today,
To make separate pairs of words joined by ‘and’ as,
Books and magazines, sofas and cots, tables and chairs, and other combinations of words connected by “and”
To separate the Nominative of Address.
Dear friend, come and help me
A Noun or Phrase in Apposition is separated by a comma, as in Rose, the queen of flowers, is loved by all.
Case1
To divide words that are similar
Example- Sahil, Rakesh, Radha, and Chitra are not present today,
Case2
To make separate pairs of words joined by ‘and’ as,
Everything was burned to ashes, including books, periodicals, couches, cots, tables, and chairs.
Case 3
To separate the Nominative of Address.
Dear friend, come and spend some time with shelter animals.
Case 4- To divide or separate nouns or phrases in apposition.
Sahil, the classical music teacher is handicapped.
Case 5- To mark off No, Yes, Please, Thank you, sir etc
Well, you can attend a lecture today.
Yes, I’ll help you to deal with your anger issue.
Case 6- Before and after a few phrases and clauses (Afterall, however, therefore , nevertheless, of course,otherwise etc.
Dhoni is, of course, a great team leader.
Sahil is, after all, a brave boy.
3) Interrogation or Question Marks –
It is used to clarify any doubts or ask queries.
What is your city name?
Where do you work ?
It can be used after the end of the tag questions.
It is very cloudy today, is it?
It is very cloudy today, isn’t it?
4) Exclamation –
Exclamation marks are a type of punctuation that indicates strong emotions and emotions in phrases. This punctuation mark improves understanding of the speaker’s feelings.
Case 1- It is used after An Exclamatory or An Optative Sentence as,
How beautiful the girl is!
Case 2- it can be used With Interjections and Interjection Phrases as,
Well Done! My God! Hear, hear! Hurrah!
Example- Hurrah! I won the contest
- After vocative case as,
Thief! Thief! catch the thief.
5) Inverted Commas
Case 1 –
These are used to provide a query or the exact word that was said by the speaker.
Teacher said to sahil, you are an intelligent boy.
Case 2-
It can also be used before or after the title of a book, essay, magazine, newspaper, film names etc.
I love “Be Beautiful be you” very much.
Case 3-
It can be used for nicknames and emphasizing words,
She has nick-named her pet , Kuku.
6) Apostrophe –
An apostrophe is a unique kind of punctuation mark that is placed after the noun to show that something is owned by it.
It is also used to combine or merge or contract two words,
such that, did not can be written as didn’t
had not as had.
Case 1- To mark a genitive case of nouns
Sham’s pen , Radha’s dress, Boys’ canteen
Case 2- To indicate the plural of letters and figures.
There are 3 B.A’s and 4 M.A’s in the office.
Case 3- To denote the removal of a letter or letters from words.
Won’t , Can’t, hon’ble, O’clock etc.
Case 4- Few common phrases,
To one’s heart content , For God’s sake
7) Colon
Two independent clauses are typically separated by a colon, which has more power than a comma but less than a full stop.
It is usually used when the second phrase clarifies the previous phrase or when a series of things in a sentence are being explained.
Please reach there by 3:00 pm.
Sahil knows what to do: Study
Capital Letters
They appear at the start of the sentence.
It can be used to write a pronoun “ I” and interjection “O”
It can be used to write proper nouns and adjectives derived from it. India, Indian
It can be used as the first letter of day, week, month, festival etc.
Example- Monday , March, The Republic Day, The Holi
It can be used to write exclamations
Hurrah!, Allas! Oh!, Bravo! etc.
It can be used to write name of subject and languages
Arabic, Hindi, English, Economics etc.
It can be used to write the name of the river and mountains.
Himalaya, Ganga, Yamuna
It can be used to write the name of the books, essay, story, poem etc.
The Ramayana, The Rabbit and Turtle , The Indian Ocean
It can be used to write the name of the airplane, train, ships, bus etc
The Chennai express, The Vikrant etc.
It can be used write historical and famous buildings
The Parliament House, The Taj Mahal
It can be used to write the names of the political parties and institutions.
The B.J.P, The Lion’s club, K C College.
It can be used to mark destinations and degrees.
B.A, M.A, My Lord, Prime Minister etc.
Also See: Preposition Class 6 Grammar