Karnataka 1st PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 Natural Hazards and Disasters Questions and Answers Solution, Notes by Expert Teacher Priya Verma. Karnataka Class 11 Geography Solution Chapter 11.
There are 2 Parts in Karnataka Class 11 Textbook. Here You will find Part B Physical Environment of India’s Chapter 11 Natural Hazards and Disasters (Types, causes, distribution and consequences).
Karnataka 1st PUC Geography Question Bank Chapter 11 – Natural Hazards and Disasters Solution
- State – Karnataka.
- Class – 1st PUC / Class 11
- Subject – Geography.
- Topic – Solution / Notes.
- Chapter – 11
- Chapter Name – Natural Hazards and Disasters.
- Subpart – Types, causes, distribution and consequences.
(I) Answer the following in a word or a sentence each.
(1) What is a Natural Hazard?
Answer:
Natural hazards are threats of naturally occurring events which have a negative effect on the environment.
(2) What do you mean by Natural Disaster?
Answer:
Natural disaster means any adverse event which is caused by the natural process of earth.
(3) Mention any two types of disasters.
Answer:
The types of disasters are tectonic, meteorological, topographical etc.
(4) What are floods?
Answer:
Floods are natural hazards which are caused by heavy rainfall because of which a high stream of the river overflows natural banks of the river.
(5) Name the most important flood prone area of India.
Answer:
The most important flood prone area in India is the ganga basin.
(6) Why are cyclones caused in the Bay of Bengal?
Answer:
Cyclones are caused in the Bay of Bengal because of the low pressure area over the Bay of Bengal which causes destructive air circulations.
(7) What is drought?
Answer:
Droughts are an extended period of water shortage which is caused because of shortage of water availability.
(8) Which region of India is in the extreme drought prone area?
Answer:
The extreme drought prone area in India is Western Rajasthan, Kutch in Gujarat, and the western and northwestern parts of India.
(9) Why does landslide occur?
Answer:
Landslide happens because of landslip which is caused because of natural and human induced factors.
(10) Mention the most important avalanche prone area of India.
Answer:
Most important avalanche prone area in India is the Himalayan regions of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh etc.
(II) Answer the following in two or three sentences each.
(1) Name the two most important seismic zones of India.
Answer:
Zone V is the most severe risk zone. It faces the most disastrous and hazardous earthquakes. It is usually witnessed in Northeastern states, parts of Jammu and Kashmir, Uttarakhand, Bihar, and Kutch region. Zone IV comes second in the severity list. Northern Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, parts of Bihar, UP, Gujarat, West Bengal lie in this region.
(2) Mention any four factors that cause floods.
Answer:
Floods are caused because of following reasons- Among natural factors, continuous rainfall and cyclones are the major reasons for floods. Whereas deforestation, unscientific agricultural practices, urbanisationetc are some of the manmade causes of floods.
(3) State two important flood prone areas of the country.
Answer:
The Ganga basin area which covers states of UP, Bihar and West Bengal and the Brahmaputra basin which covers the areas of Assam and Northwest Bengal region are the two most flood prone regions in India.
(4) Name any four factors that cause drought and famine.
Answer:
Droughts and famines are caused because of reduction in rainfall, scarcity of underground and surface water, scarcity of stored water, deforestation, overgrazing etc.
(5) Mention any four consequences of natural hazard and disasters.
Answer:
There are various consequences of natural hazards and disasters like loss of human life and property, animal wealth, destruction of vegetation etc. It also effects agriculture, cropping pattern, industries, transport, and communication etc.
(III) Answer the following.
(1) Explain the major seismic zones of India.
Answer:
India has been divided into five main seismic zones. They are-
- Zone V– It is most severe and prone seismic zones. Earthquakes of intensity above 7 Richter scale are witnessed here. It is usually witnessed in regions like Northeast India, Jammu and Kahmir, Uttarakhand, Bihar, and Kutch.
- Zone IV– It is the second most severe zone where earthquakes of intensity between 5 to 7 Richter scale are observed. Regions like Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, Bihar, UP, Gujarat, West Bengal etc fall in this region.
- Zone III-This is a moderate damage zone. Earthquakes of intensity between 3 to 5 Richter scale are witnessed here. They are usually witnessed in Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Odisha etc.
- Zone II– It is a low-risk zone. Areas like Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha etc fall in this category.
- Zone I– It is a very low damage zone and parts of Deccan plateau fall in this category.
(2) Briefly explain the distribution of flood prone areas of India.
Answer:
Floods are natural hazards which are caused by heavy rainfall because of which a high stream of the river overflows natural banks of the river. The major flood prone areas of India are-
- The ganga basin– It covers the states of UP Bihar and West Bengal. It is drained by rivers like Ganga, Sarada, Gandak, Ghagra etc. Ghagra causes floods in eastern parts of UP. The Yamuna faces flooding in Haryana, UP and Delhi. Kosi is also known as sorrow of Bihar.
- The Brahmaputra basin– It covers the states of Assam and northwest Bengal. It is usually cause by the flooding of Brahmaputra River and its tributaries.
- The central and Peninsular River basin– It is caused by rivers like Mahanadi, Baitarnika and Brahmi in Odisha. Narmada, Godavari, Tapti, and Krishna also cause flooding in southern India because of heavy rainfall.
(3) Explain the major drought prone areas of India.
Answer:
Some major drought prone areas of India are-
- The extreme drought prone areas– This region faces continuous droughts like parts of Rajasthan, Kutch region of Gujarat and semi-arid and arid regions of western and northwestern parts of India.
- The severe drought prone areas– It is the second most drought prone area of India. It is found in eastern parts of Rajasthan, western parts of Madhya Pradesh, parts of Maharashtra, interior parts of Andhra Pradesh, north and northeastern parts of Karnataka, northern interior areas of Tamil Nadu, interior Odisha, and southern Jharkhand.
- The moderate drought prone areas– It is found in northern Rajasthan, western Haryana, southern UP, parts of Rajasthan, western parts of Haryana, southern regions of UP, parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Tamil Nadu, and interior parts of Karnataka.
Also See: Chapter No. 10 Question answer Solution