Hafnium (Hf)
Define: Hafnium is transition metal . It have lustrous structure and show ductile properties (drawn into wire.) It is non corrosive metal use as prevention of corrosion .it show properties like zirconium.
Discovery : Hafnium is discovered in 1923 by scientist George Charles de Hevesy and Dirk Coster .
Origin of name :. The name comes from Latin word for Copenhagen , Hafnia .
Physical properties :
Atomic symbol: Hafnium is denoted by symbol Hf
Atomic number : Atomic number of Hafnium is 72
In Hafnium 72 proton and 72 Electron is present.
Atomic weight/ mass: Atomic weight of hafnium is 178.49 Amu
In Hafnium 72 proton and 106 neutron is present
Position : it is place in 4th column ( group ) And 6th period ( row)
Block : It is place in d block
Colour : Hafnium show silvery grey colour.
Nature : it present in solid form
Boiling point : boiling point of Hafnium is 4600 0C
Melting point : melting point of Hafnium is 2233 0C
Isotopes:
Hafnium show 6 stable isotopes
174Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 173.9 Amu
In this isotope 72 proton,72 Electron and 102 neutron.
It is present 0.16% in nature
176Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 175.9 Amu
In this isotope 72 proton, 72 Electron and 104 neutron is present
It is present 5.2% in nature.
177Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 176.9 Amu
In this isotope 72 proton, 72 Electron and 105 neutron is present
It is present 18.6% in nature
178Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 177.9 Amu
In this isotope 72 proton, 72 Electron And 106 neutron is present
It is present 27.28% in nature
179Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 178.9 Am
In this isotope 72 proton, 72 Electron and 107 neutron is present
It is present 13.62% in nature
180Hf: atomic weight of this isotope is 179.9 Amu
In this isotope 72 proton, 72 Electron and 108 neutron is present
It is present 35.08% in nature
Chemical properties :
Electronic configuration
Electronic configuration of Hafnium is [ Xe ] 4f14 5d2 6S2
Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,8,18,32,10,2
Electronic structure
Valency : Valency of Hafnium is 4
Atomic radius : Atomic radius of hafnium is 208 Pm
Uses:
- It’s oxide form use as electrical insulator in micro chips
- Hafnium is use as catalyst in many polymerization reaction.
- It is use to make control rods
- Hafnium have high melting point. Due to high melting point it is use in plasma welding
- Hafnium absorb plasma hence use in nuclear reactor .
- It is use for making binary compound of good refractory metal
- It is use for the lining of furnace
- Hafnium is use in. gas filled and incandescent lamp.
Question and Answer:
Q1. Define Hafnium
Q2. Who discovered Hafnium?
Q2. Physical properties of Hafnium
Q4. Write Atomic Symbol of Hafnium.
Q5. Write the Atomic number of Hafnium.
Q6. On which block Hafnium element is present?
Q7. What is the color of Hafnium?
Q8. What is the Boiling point of Hafnium?
Q9. What is the Melting point of Hafnium?
Q10. Write the Isotopes of Hafnium.
Q11. Show Electronic configuration of Hafnium.
Q12. Write Electronic Structure of Hafnium.
Q13. What is the Valency of Hafnium?
Q14. Write the uses of Hafnium element.
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