Concentration of solution Formula:’
The amount of solute in a given solution its called concentration of a solution.
As proportion of solute and solvent is not given in solution. Therefore depending upon the proportion of solute, solution can be.
- Dilute solution.
- Concentred solution.
Solute:
The components of solution which is present in small amount is called solute.
Solvent:
The components of solution which is present in large amount is called solvent.
For example: when salt is dissolved in water to prepare salt solution so in this salt is solute and water is a solvent.
Dilute solution
Solution with less solute concentration. On increasing the amount of water solution can be further diluted.
Concentred solution
Solution with high solute concentration . On increasing amount of solute , solution can be further concentrated.
- in liquid solution:
If a solution is prepare by dissolving solid solute in a liquid solvent , the concentration of the solution may be expressed either in mass percentage or mass by volume percentage.
1- Mass by mass percentage:
It is defined as a mass of solute in gram dissolve in 100 gram of the solution.
- For example 10% solution of common salt in 10 gram of common salt present in 100 gram of solution. That is 10gram of common salt added in 90ml of water become 100 gram solution.
Mass by mass percentage:
2-Mass by volume percentage:
- It is defined as the mass of solute in Gram dissolve in 100 ml of solution.
- For example a 10 percent mass by volume solution Of common salt in water means That 10 gram of common salt is present in 100 ml of the solution.
- Mass of volume percentage of solution .
3- Concentration of very dilute solution:
- If a very small amount of solute dissolve in large excess of the solvent the value of mass by mass or mass by volume percentage will be very low.
- In order to increase their value, the concentration is expressed in parts per million or ppm.
- Mathematically.
4-Liquid in liquid solution:
- If a solution is prepared by dissolved in liquid solute in liquid solvent the concentration of the solution is usually expressed in volume by volume percentage., or simply volume percentage of the solution.
- For example 20% solution of alcohol 20 ml alcohol dissolved in 80ml of water and make 20 % alcohol solution.
- Volume by volume percentage of solution.