Cerium :
Define: Cerium is inner transition metal place in lanthanide series .it is 1st lanthanide series metal it is soft in nature and easily cut by knife. and also show ductile and malleability properties.it is 1st most rare earth metal. It is found in earth crust in the Bastanaesite and monazite minerals .
Discovery :. Cerium was discovered in 1803 by scientist Jon’s jacob Berzelius and Wilhelm Hisinger
Origin of name :. The name cerium is gives after asteroid ‘ Ceres’ . The name gives because it is Roman goddess of agriculture
Physical properties :
Atomic symbol: cerium is denoted by symbol Ce
Atomic number : Atomic number of cerium is 58
In cerium 58 proton and 58 Electron is present
Atomic weight/ mass: Atomic weight of cerium is 140.1 Amu
In cerium 58 proton and 82 neutron is present
Position : cerium is place in periodic table at 3rd column ( group) and 6th period ( row)
Block : cerium is place in f block
Colour :cerium show silvery grey colour
Nature : cerium present in solid form in nature
Boiling point :boiling point of cerium is 3443 0
Melting point :melting point of cerium is 799 0
Isotopes:
Cerium show 4 stable isotope
136Ce : atomic weight of this isotope is 135.9 Amu
In this isotope 58 proton,58 Electron and 78 neutron is present
It is present 0.18% in the nature.
138Ce: atomic weight of this isotope is 137.9 Amu
In this isotope 58 proton,58 Electron and 80 neutron is present
It is present 0.25 % in nature
140Ce : atomic weight of this isotope is 139.9 Amu
In this isotope 58 proton,58 Electron and 82 neutron is present
It is present 88.4 % in nature
142Ce: atomic weight of this isotope 141.9 Amu
In this isotope 58 proton, 58 Electron and 84 neutron is present
It is present 11.1 % in nature
Chemical properties :
Electronic configuration
Electronic configuration of cerium is [ Xe ] 4F1 5d1 6S2
Electronic configuration in concert of shell is 2,8,18,19,9,2
Electronic structure
Valency :valency of cerium is 3 or 4
Atomic radius : atomic Radius of cerium is 230 pm
Uses:
Cerium is major components in mischmetal alloy which is use in flint for cigarette lighter
It’s sulphide form gives red colour and it is use in pigment
Cerium used in flat screen T.V. and low energy bulb and flood lights
Cerium oxide is use as catalyst
It’s oxide form is used as self cleaning oven to build up cooking residue
It oxide form is also use as catalytically convertor
Cerium oxide is use as incandescent gas mental use for glass polishing agent .
Cerium gives light which is use in modern picture industry
It’s oxide nanoparticles use in diesel fuels to improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions
Question and Answer:
Q1. Define Cerium
Q2. Who discovered Cerium?
Q2. Physical properties of Cerium
Q4. Write Atomic Symbol of Cerium.
Q5. Write the Atomic number of Cerium.
Q6. On which block Cerium element is present?
Q7. What is the color of Cerium?
Q8. What is the Boiling point of Cerium?
Q9. What is the Melting point of Cerium?
Q10. Write the Isotopes of Cerium.
Q11. Show Electronic configuration of Cerium.
Q12. Write Electronic Structure of Cerium.
Q13. What is the Valency of Cerium?
Q14. Write the uses of Cerium element.