32/1/2 2015 Class 10 Social Science Question Paper Solution
(1) Why had the Indian Governme,nt put barrier to foreigntrade and foreign investment after independence ? State any one reason
Ans: The Indian Government put barrier to foreign trade and foreign investment after independence to protect the producers within the country from foreign competition.
(2)Why is the ‘least cost’ known as decisipn making factor for ideal location of an industrv?
Ans: Manufacturing activity tends to locate at the most appropriate place where all the factors of industrial locations are either available or can be arranged at a lower cost.
(3) What is meant by a ‘political party’?
Ans: A political party is a group of people who come together to contest elections to hold power in the government.
(4) Which logo would you like to see for purchasing electrical goods?
Ans: To purchase electrical goods :- ISI logo
(5) What was the main role of ‘FEDICOR’ organisation in Bolivia ?
Ans: Role of FEDECOR:
The protest against water privatization in Bolivia was led by FEDECOR and it made the government concede to all the demands of the protesters.
(6) What is the meaning of investment’?
Ans: Investment:- The money that is spent to buy assets such as land, building, machines and other equipment is called investment.
(7) If all the decisions of a political party are made by a single family and all other members are neglected, than what challenge is being fqaed by that party ?
Ans: Challenge before a political party controlled by members of one family :
Challenge of dynastic succession
(8) What was the major change that occurred in the political and constitutional senerio due to French Revolution in Europe ?
Ans: The French Revolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of French Citizen.
Or
How was the maritime silk route useful for Vietnam ?
Ans: Vietnam was also linked to what has been called the maritime silk route. It brought goods, people and ideas. Other networks of trade connected it to the hinterland.
(9) What is a multi-parfy system ? Why has India adopted a multiparty system ? Explain.
Ans: Multi-party System :-
If several parties compete for power and more than two parties have a reasonable chance of coming to power either on their own strength or in alliance with others, we call it a Multi-party system.
India adopted a multi party system because :-
(i) There is social and geographical diversity in India.
(ii) India is such a large country which is not easily absorbed by two or three parties.
(iii) The system allows a variety of interests and opinions to enjoy political representation.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
(10) Why did the Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slow down in the cities? Explain.
Ans: The Non-Cooperation Movement gradually slow down in the cities because:
(i) Khadi clothes were more expensive than mill clothes.
(ii) Poor people could not afford to buy it.
(iii) The boycott of British institutions posed a problem.
(iv) Students and teachers began trickling back to government schools.
(v) Lawyers joined back work in government courts.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
(11) “Lack.of internal democracy within parties is the major challenge to political parties all over the world.” Analyse the statement.
Ans: Lack of internal democracy within parties – major challenges :
(i) Tendency in political parties towards the concentration of power in one or few leaders at the top.
(ii) Parties do not keep membership registers.
(iii) They do not hold organizational meetings.
(iv) They do not conduct internal elections regularly.
(v) Ordinary members of the party do not get sufficient information about the happening of the party.
(vi) Personal loyalty to the leader becomes more important.
(Vii) Any other relevant point.
(12) Describe the conditions in which markets do not work in a fair manner.
Ans: Conditions in which markets do not work in a fair manner:
(i) When producers are few and powerful.
(ii) When consumers purchase in small amounts.
(iii) When consumers are scattered.
(iv) When large companies have monopoly in production of goods as they have huge wealth and can manipulate the market in various ways.
(v) Passing on false information through media and other sources to attract the consumers.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
(13) “Agriculture gives boost to the industrial sector.” Support the statement with arguments.
Ans: Agriculture gives boost to the industrial sector:
(i) Agriculture provides raw material to industries.
(ii) Agriculture provides market for industrial products.
(iii) Agriculture helps boost new industrial products.
(iv) The industries such as cotton, jute, silk, woolen textiles, sugar and edible oil, etc. are based on agricultural raw materials.
(v) Any other relevant point.
(14) In recent years how our markets have been transformed? Explain with examples.
Ans: Transformation of our markets :
(i) There is a wide choice of goods and services before us in the market. The latest models of digital cameras, mobile phones and televisions made by the leading manufacturers of the world are within our reach.
(ii) Every season new model of automobiles can be seen on Indian roads and the Indians are buying vehicles produced by the top companies of the world.
(iii) A similar explosion of brands can be seen for many other goods from shirts to televisions to processed fruit juices.
(iv) Any other relevant point.
(15) “Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives.” Justiff the statement.
Ans: Democracy is more effective than its other alternatives:
(i) Democracy promotes equality among citizens.
(ii) It enhances the dignity of the individual.
(iii) It also improves the quality of decision making.
(iv) It provides a method to resolve conflicts.
(v) It gives room to correct mistakes.
(vi) Democratic government is legitimate government.
vii) Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored.
viii) Any other relevant point.
(16) Why is it necessary for the banks and cooperative societies to increase their lending facilities in rulal areas? Explain.
Ans: Necessity for the banks and cooperative societies to increase their lending facilities in rural areas:
(i) Dependence on informal sources of credit reduces.
(ii) To provide more loan facilities to rural households.
(iii) To save rural people from exploitation.
(iv) It is important that the formal credit is distributed more equally so that the poor can benefit from the cheaper loans.
(v) The bank and the cooperative societies have to increase the lending facilities to improve the livelihood of the people in the rural areas.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
(17) Describe the events of French Revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe.
Ans: The events of French Revolution which had influenced the people belonging to other parts of Europe:
Students and other members of educated middle class began to set up Jacobin clubs. Their activities and campaigns prepared the way for the French armies. The French armies began to carry the idea of nationalism abroad. Thus, created a sense of collective identity.
Or
Describe the major protest erupted in Saigon Native Girls School in 1962, in Vietnam.
Ans: The major protest erupted in Saigon Native School in 1926, in Vietnam, when a Vietnamese girl sitting in the front seat was asked to move to the back for a local French student to occupy the front bench to which she refused and was expelled by the Principal. When angry students protested, they too were expelled, leading to a further spread of open protests. Seeing the situation getting out of control, the Government forced the school to take the students back. The Principal reluctantly agreed after warning the students.
(18) “The Congress was reluctant to include the demands of industrial workers in its programme of struggle.” Analyse the reason.
Ans: The Congress was reluctant to include the demands of industrial workers in its programme of struggle:
(i) The industrialists came closer to the Congress, but the workers stayed aloof.
(ii) Congress felt this would alienate industrialists.
(iii) It would divide its anti imperial forces.
(iv) Civil Disobedience Movement would be weakened.
(v) Any other relevant point.
(19) How is the mining activity injurious to the healt of the miners and environment? Explain.
Ans: The mining activity is injurious to the health of the miners and environment:-
(i) The dust and noxious fumes inhaled by miners make them vulnerable to pulmonary diseases.
(ii) The risk of collapsing mine roofs.
(iii) Inundation and fires in coalmines are a constant threat to miners.
(iv) The water sources in the region get contaminated due to mining.
(v) Dumping of waste and slurry leads to degradation of land, soil and increase in stream and river pollution.
(vi) Any other relevant point.
(20) In the presen t dayenergy crisis what steps will you like to take for In the presen t dayenergy crisis what steps will you like to take for saving enprgy?
Ans: The following steps can be taken for saving energy :-
(i) Judicious use of energy resources.
(ii) Use of public transport/ car pool.
(iii) To use bicycle for short distances.
(iv) Switching off electrical gadgets when not in use.
(v) Regular cleaning of gas burners and switching off the gas regulator when not in use.
(vi) Avoid using refrigerator/ A.C. when not needed.
(vii) Creating awareness in neighbourhood with catchy slogans.
(viii) As India has been blessed with abundance of sunlight, water, wind and biomass, we must use these to overcome present day energy crisis.
(21) Describe the process of Unification of Italy.
Ans: The unification of Italy:
During the middle of the 19th century, Italy was divided into seven states. During 1830, Mazzini decided to unite Italy. He had formed a secret society – ‘Young Italy’ to achieve his goal. After earlier failures in 1831 and 1848 King Victor Emmanuel II took to unify the Italian states through wars. Through a tactful diplomatic alliance with France by Cavour Sardinia – Piedmont succeeded in defeating the Austrian forces in 1859. Under the leadership of Garibaldi armed volunteers marched into South Italy in 1860 and the kingdom of the Two Sicilies and succeeded in winning the support of the local peasants in order to drive out the Spanish rulers. In 1861, Victor Emmanuel II was proclaimed King of united Italy.
Or
Describe the ‘Rat Hunt’ activity introduced by the French in Vietnam.
Ans: ‘Rat Hunt’ Activity:
Rat Hunt activity started in 1902 by the French. The French hired Vietnamese workers and paid them for each rat. 20,000 were caught but still there was no end. This taught them a lesson in the success to collective bargaining. The sewer cleaners discovered innovative ways to profit making. The bounty was paid when a tail was given as a proof that a rat had been killed. Rat catchers took to just clipping the tails and releasing the rats so that the process could be repeated over and over. Even some people began raising rats to earn money.
(22) How do the large companies manipulate the market? Explain with examples.
Ans: The large companies manipulate the market in various ways:
Large companies with huge amount of wealth, power and riches can manipulate the market in various ways. At times false information is passed on through the media and other sources to attract consumers. For example, a company for years sold powder milk for babies all over the world as the most scientific product claiming this to be better than mother’s milk. It took years of struggle before the company was forced to accept that it had been making false claims. Similarly, a long battle had to be fought with court cases to make cigarette manufacturing companies accept that their product could cause cancer.
(23) Why is energy needed? How can we conserve energy resources? Explain.
Ans: Energy is required for all activities. It is needed to cook, to provide light and heat, to propel vehicles and to drive machinery in industries.
To conserve energy resources, we should:
(i) Urgent need to develop a sustainable path of energy development.
(ii) Promotion of energy conservation.
(iii) Increased us e of renewable energy resources.
(iv) Judicious use of energy resources.
(v) Use of public transport/ car pool.
(vi) Switching off electrical gadgets when not in use.
(vii) Any other relevant point.
(24) How do pressure groups and movement exerts influence on politics? Explain with examPles.
Ans: Pressure groups and movements exert influence on politics in various ways:
(i) Pressure groups and movements try to gain public support and sympathy for their goals and activities.
(ii) They often organize protest activities.
(iii)Business groups often employ professional lobbyists.
(iv)The pressure groups are either formed or led by the leaders and political parties.
(v) Sometimes political parties grow out of movements.
(vi)In most cases the relationship between parties and pressure groups is not so direct.
(25) “Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation”.Support the statement.
Ans: Nationalism spreads when people begin to believe that they are all part of the same nation. The sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles. Variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination. History and fiction, folklore and songs helped promotion of nationalism. Literature also helped to arouse national feelings. The ideas of nationalism also developed through the celebration of regional festivals. As the national movement developed nationalist leaders became more and more of icons and symbols in unifying and inspiring in them a feeling of nationalism.
(26) Analyse the physiographic and economic factors that have influenced the distribution pattern of the railway network in our country.
Ans: The physiographic and economic factors that have influenced the distribution pattern of the railway network in our country:
Physiographic factors:
(i.) Terrain : (a) Mountain
(b) Plateau
(c) Plain
(d) Desert
Economic factors:
(i) Agricultural development
(ii)Industrial development
(27) How are deposits with the banks beneficial for individual as well as for the nation? Explain with examples’.
Ans: The deposits with banks beneficial for individual as well as for nation:
(i) Banks accept deposit and also pay an amount as interest and in this way people earn money.
(ii) People’s money is safe with banks.
(iii) It is easy for individuals to get credit who have savings and current account in the banks.
(iv) Poor people who are engaged in production need credit.
(v) Credit provided by the banks for government projects help in development of the nation.
(vi) Banks provide loans for the promotion of International trade.
(vii) Development of infrastructure is under taken with the loans provided by the banks.
(28) Describe any five major functions of political parties.
Ans: Functions of political parties:
(i) Parties contest elections.
(ii) They put forward policies and programmes.
(iii) Parties play a decisive role in making laws.
(iv) Parties form and run government.
(v) Defeated parties in the election play its role of opposition to the parties in power.
(vi) Parties shape public opinion.
(vii) Parties provide people access to government machinery and welfare schemes.
(29) Three features A, B and c are marked in the political outline map of India. Identify these features with the help of the following information and write their correct names on the lines marked on the map :
(A) The place where the Indian National Congress Session was held in 1920.
(B) The city where the Jallianwala Bagh incident occurred.
(C) The place where the peasants struggled against the indigo plantation system.
Ans: