Karnataka SSLC Class 10 Social Science (Political Science) Chapter 6 ‘Challenges of India and Their Remedies’ textbook Questions and Answers Solution by Expert Teacher. This Chapter Exercise includes Fill in the blanks, Discuss in groups questions and answers.
- Fill in the blanks with suitable words:-
- Developing deep attachment with the place of living is called Regionalism.
- LInguistic states have been created in 1956 in
- In Karnataka, there is Lokayukta Institution to curb
- Population of India has crossed 121 crores as per 2011
- Getting more profits from consumers is called as Consumer Surplus.
II.) Discuss in groups and answer:-
1.) Communalism is harmful to national progress. How ?
Communalism, the practice of promoting and prioritizing one’s religious or ethnic group over national unity, is undeniably detrimental to a nation’s progress. It fosters division, erodes social cohesion, and fuels conflict, hindering collective efforts towards economic development, social harmony, and political stability. When individuals are defined by their communal identity rather than their shared national identity, it impedes collaboration and hampers the equitable distribution of resources and opportunities. For a country to achieve true progress, it must prioritize inclusivity, unity, and the well-being of all its citizens, transcending communal divisions that only serve to impede its advancement.
2.) Regionalism is against national development – Discuss.
Regionalism means the strong feeling of people in favour of the local area in which they live. Regionalism, when taken to an extreme, can indeed be detrimental to national development. Excessive focus on regional interests, often driven by parochialism and a narrow-minded pursuit of local advantages, can lead to a fragmented and divisive society. It hampers the equitable distribution of resources, impedes the implementation of cohesive national policies, and fosters unhealthy competition among regions, potentially resulting in unequal development and economic disparities. To achieve robust national development, it is crucial to strike a balance between recognizing and respecting regional diversity and fostering a unified, cooperative approach that prioritizes the collective welfare of the entire nation.
3.) What are the measures to spread literacy?
There were 12% literates in India at the time of Independence. It has been enhanced to 66% in 2001. By 2011 it had increased to 74%. Still about 26% are illiterates. Hence the Government has taken up many steps to eradicate this problem. ‘Sarva Siksha Abhiyan’ was launched in 2001 to provide free education for children of 6-14 years. It provides education to girls, physically challenged and Priority for women awareness. In 1988 National Literacy
Mission was also established by the Government of India to make illiterates literate. ‘Sakshara Bharath’ programme has been launched to eradicate illiteracy. Recently through Article 21A of our Constitution education is made a fundamental right. Right to Education-2009 has been guaranteed. Compulsory free education has been implemented for children between 6 and 14 years.
4.) What are the suggestions to improve the position of women?
To improve women’s education and development government has started Women and Children Development Department Women education, Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, Dowry Prohibition Act etc., are there for the empowerment of women. Government of Karnataka has implemented ‘Stree Shakti’ programme for the development of rural women. There is a programme of loan and subsidy for women self-employment. Mahila Mandalas , Yuvathi Mandalas , Stree Shakti Organisations, Self-help groups and Women Co-operatives help for the all round progress of women. Women Commission at national and State level have been constituted to enquire the cases of women and impart justice to them. There is an effort to have the Reservation for women from Panchayat to Parliament.
“OR”
To improve the position of women, society must prioritize gender equality and enact systemic changes. This includes promoting equal access to education and job opportunities, closing the gender pay gap, providing affordable childcare and parental leave, combating gender-based violence, and promoting women’s representation in leadership roles in politics and businesses. Additionally, challenging traditional gender norms and stereotypes, fostering a culture of respect and empowerment, and engaging men as allies in the fight for gender equality are essential steps towards creating a more equitable and inclusive society where women can thrive and achieve their full potential.
5.) Population is deemed as human resources – Explain.
The Indian population is often regarded as a vast and invaluable human resource due to its sheer size and diversity. With over a billion people, India possesses a significant labor force, providing a pool of talent and manpower that can be harnessed for economic development and innovation. This demographic dividend offers the potential to drive economic growth, technological advancements, and global competitiveness, provided that adequate investments are made in education, healthcare, and skill development to unlock the full potential of this resource. Moreover, India’s youthful population presents a unique opportunity for demographic advantage, with the potential to fuel productivity and innovation in various sectors, making it a crucial asset for the country’s future development.
6.) What are the plans to eradicate poverty? Explain.
Poverty is one of the foremost problems of India. It is the most widespread socio-economic problem of our Country. Both in rural and urban areas in India poverty still exists. the Central and State Governments to eradicate poverty. BPL cards are issued to poor families. Five year plans in India are directed to eradicate poverty and increase percapita income. Jawahar Rozgar Yojana, Rural Employment Guarantee Programe, Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojanas are some of the schemes undertaken to reduce poverty.
“OR”
The Indian government’s plans to eradicate poverty include a multi-pronged approach, encompassing social safety nets, economic development initiatives, and targeted welfare programs. These efforts aim to create employment opportunities through initiatives like “Make in India” and “Skill India,” enhance financial inclusion through schemes like Jan Dhan Yojana, ensure food security through the Public Distribution System, and provide healthcare access via Ayushman Bharat. Additionally, there is a focus on promoting education and vocational training, strengthening rural infrastructure through programs like MGNREGA, and encouraging entrepreneurship through “Startup India.” These measures are designed to alleviate poverty by addressing both income disparities and social vulnerabilities, with the goal of achieving inclusive and sustainable growth.
7.) What is meant by smuggling? What are your suggestions to control it?
Smuggling refers to the illegal transportation or trade of goods, substances, or people across borders or within a country, typically in violation of customs, immigration, or other regulatory laws. It often involves hiding contraband items to avoid detection by authorities, with the primary intent of evading taxes, duties, or legal restrictions.
To control smuggling effectively, a multifaceted approach is crucial. Firstly, strengthen border security with advanced technology, trained personnel, and increased surveillance. Secondly, enhance international cooperation and intelligence sharing to track smuggling networks across borders. Thirdly, impose stricter penalties for smugglers and collaborate with judicial systems to expedite prosecution. Fourthly, invest in public awareness campaigns to discourage demand for smuggled goods. Lastly, promote economic development in regions prone to smuggling, offering viable alternatives to criminal activities.
8.) “Profiteering brings loss both for producer and consumer”. How do you justify this statement.
The statement “Profiteering brings loss both for producer and consumer” can be justified by highlighting that excessive profiteering, where businesses prioritize maximizing profits at the expense of fair pricing and quality, ultimately leads to negative consequences for both producers and consumers. When producers engage in profiteering, they may compromise product quality or customer service to cut costs, which can harm their reputation and long-term viability. On the other hand, consumers suffer from inflated prices and diminished product value, eroding their trust and purchasing power. In the long run, this can create an unsustainable business environment with reduced customer loyalty, hindering the potential for mutual growth and success between producers and consumers.
III.) Activities:-
1.) Visit and understand why prices for the commodities are fluctuating in the nearby shops?
The most fundamental driver of price fluctuations is the balance between supply and demand. When demand for a commodity exceeds its supply, prices tend to rise, and when supply exceeds demand, prices tend to fall. Seasonal changes, changes in consumer preferences, and unexpected events (like natural disasters or pandemics) can affect supply and demand dynamics. The level of competition among local shops can impact prices. In a highly competitive market, shops may lower prices to attract customers, while in a less competitive market, prices may remain higher. The cost of producing or acquiring commodities can vary over time due to factors such as changes in labor costs, transportation costs, and raw material prices. These cost fluctuations can influence retail prices. If a significant portion of the commodities sold in a particular area is imported, changes in currency exchange rates can affect prices. A weaker local currency can lead to higher prices for imported goods. Government regulations and policies, such as taxes, tariffs, and subsidies, can have a direct impact on commodity prices. For example, changes in tax rates can affect the final price consumers pay.
Weather conditions can affect the production of agricultural commodities, leading to fluctuations in prices. For example, a drought can reduce crop yields and drive up food prices. Global events and trends, such as changes in international commodity prices, can filter down to local markets. For instance, if the global price of oil rises, it can lead to higher prices for gasoline and related products at local gas stations. Consumer preferences and behaviors can also play a role. For example, if consumers suddenly develop an increased preference for a particular type of product, its price may rise in response to increased demand. Disruptions in the supply chain, such as transportation delays or labor strikes, can lead to temporary shortages and price increases. Investor and trader sentiment can sometimes lead to speculative buying or selling, causing price volatility in commodity markets.
2.) Conduct a debate about regionalism against national integrity.
Regionalism, while often rooted in genuine cultural and historical identities, can pose a significant challenge to national integrity. Advocates of regionalism argue that it fosters a sense of local pride and autonomy, allowing regions to address their unique needs. However, excessive regionalism can weaken the bonds that hold a nation together. It can lead to disparities in development, competition for resources, and even separatist movements that threaten the very fabric of a nation. Striking a balance between preserving regional identities and upholding national unity is crucial, as a nation divided by excessive regionalism risks losing its ability to address broader challenges and create a harmonious society that benefits all its citizens.
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