NCERT Class 6 English Grammar Adjectives
NCERT Class 6 English Grammar Adjectives: A word that modifies or gives information (describe) about a noun or pronoun is an adjective.
When describing characteristics of something or someone, adjectives can be used both alone and in comparison to other things.
Example- Charming Personality,
A Beautiful flower
Sharp memory
Types of Adjectives-
1) Quality Adjectives or Descriptive Adjectives
2) Proper Adjectives
3) Interrogative adjectives
1) Descriptive Adjectives
A noun or pronoun is described or qualified by an adjective. Adjectives of quality are those that describe a person or thing’s characteristics. They are also known as Descriptive Adjectives since they describe a person or an object.
1) Snehal is a beautiful Girl
2) Paris is the most beautiful city.
3) Sahil is a hardworking boy.
In the above two sentences, the adjective “beautiful” describes the appearance of the person, and city ((quality of person and city)
In third sentence, it describes the attitude of person (quality of person)
Adjectives of quality can be used in 2 different way,
1) Attributively- Attributive adjectives are those placed in the first position, before the noun.
Example-
Radha lives in a big flat.
This is an old table.
2) Predicatively – Predicative adjectives are those that appear after the noun in the second position.
Adjectives that are predicative do not follow the noun immediately. Rather, they follow a verb.
Example-
Radha’s flat is big.
The table is old.
2) Proper Adjectives
Proper Adjectives are adjectives that are created from proper nouns.
Proper adjectives are words that give information about people, places, and things; they must also be capitalized because they are based on names.
Shahin is an Indian.
Our family is Hindu.
Dhoni is an Indian player.
I love hockey games.
3) Interrogative adjectives
When a noun is used in an interrogative phrase after an interrogative pronoun, it becomes an interrogative adjective.
Which color do you prefer most?
Whose bracelet is this?
What is your teacher’s name?
Degree of Comparison –
Degrees of comparison are of three types.:
1.) Positive (big) –The adjective employed in its original form is called a positive degree of comparison.
Example- I like this pen.
When there is no alternative subject to compare, this adjective form is used.
2.) Comparative (bigger)
The comparative form of the adjective is used to compare two subjects who are engaged in the same activity or possess the same quality.
Example- Shahin is taller than Mahi
3.) Superlative (biggest)
When two or more subjects with the same quality are being compared, the superlative degree of comparison is used to show which subject is better at performing the action than the other subjects.
Example-This is the most beautiful costume I’ve ever worn.
Note-
“A/An” is used before Positive Degree.
Than” is used in a comparative Degree.
Before the superlative degree, we use the determiner “the” .
The adjective’s original form is positive degree, which is used only for one individual.
When two person or things are compared, Comparative degree is used
When more than two people or things are compared, Superlative degree is used.
Positive |
Comparative | Superlative |
Cute | Cuter |
Cutest |
Tasty |
Tastier | Tastiest |
Big | Bigger |
Biggest |
Odd |
Odder | Oddest |
Lazy | Lazier |
Laziest |
Few |
Fewer | Fewest |
Soft | Softer |
Softest |
Case 1- When comparing two things or individuals, the comparative degree is utilized by putting ‘er’ to the adjective word in addition to the word ‘than’. (Comparative degree)
‘More’ is occasionally used.
He is taller than his brother.
She is more intelligent than her best friend.
Case 2-Similar to this, when more than two items or people are being compared, the superlative degree is utilized by adding the prefix ‘est’ to the adjective word, or in some situations, the ‘most’ is added. (Superlative degree)
Example-
She is the most intelligent student.
He is the bravest soldier.
Case 3-When comparing attributes of a single thing or person, the word “more” is employed. even though the first adjective is a word with only one syllable. (Comparative degree)
He is smarter than cuter.(Incorrect)
He is more smart than cute.(Correct)
Case 4 -Avoid using superlative or double comparative adjectives.
Example – These apples are tastier than those. (Correct)
These Apples are more tastier than those.(Incorrect)
Case 5 – ‘More’ or’ most’ should not be used with adjectives that make absolute sense.
The thought is more universal than that. (Incorrect)
This thought is universal and the other is not.(Correct)
Case 6 – A few adjectives, such as senior, junior, superior, inferior, preferable, and elder, are used with the preposition “to.” With these adjectives, ‘than’ is not recommended to use.
I am elder to Shahin.(Correct)
I am elder than Shahin.(Incorrect)
Case 7-There should be resemblance between the two items being compared that is similar things should be compared.
Example- This costume design is more beautiful than that of the old one. (Comparing Costume design with costume design)
Case 8 -When two adjectives with different levels of comparison are used in the same sentence, each one should stand alone as a complete thought.
Shahin is as good as if not worse than her friend. (Correct)
Shahin is as good if not worse than her friend.
Case 9- For the comparative degree of an adjective, we utilise quantifiers like (A bit, a little, a lot, far, much, a great deal, significantly, etc) to indicate how tiny or major the difference between the compared thing or person is.
Example-
He is a little more popular than his friend in their college.
While there are some phrases that are frequently used with superlative degrees of comparison, we don’t employ quantifiers with superlative degrees of adjectives.
Example- Taj mahal is one of the oldest palaces in the world.
Case 10- Instead of adding “er” or “est,” the word fully changes when an irregular adjective’s degree of comparison is changed.
I have little water in the glass.
I have less water than he has.
I have the least amount of water.
Case 11- Single-syllabic adjectives form their comparative and superlative degrees by adding the er and est to their positive degrees.
Positive- Kind
Comparative- Kinder
Superlative-Kindest
Positive- Near
Comparative- Nearer
Superlative-Nearest
Likewise. bold, high, rich, short, soft ,sweet, cool, bright
Case 12- To form their Comparative Degree and Superlative Degree, Single syllabic adjectives ending in e, take r and st to their Positive Degree.
Positive- Wise
Comparative- Wiser
Superlative- Wisest
Positive- Brave
Comparative- Braver
Superlative- Bravest
Likewise, safe, simple, sure, nice, noble, large, pure, gentle, fine etc.
Case 13- When a single syllabic adjective ends in a consonant followed by a short vowel, the comparative and superlative degrees are formed by adding the letters er and est after the final consonant has been doubled.
Positive- Big
Comparative- Bigger
Superlative- Biggest
Positive- Hot
Comparative- Hotter
Superlative- Hottest
Likewise,mad, red, sad, fat, wet, thin etc.
Case 14-.Adjectives with a y ending and a consonant before them change the y to an I, taking er and est to form their comparative degree and superlative degree, respectively.
Positive- Early
Comparative- Earlier
Superlative- Earliest
Positive- Healthy
Comparative- Healthier
Superlative- Healthiest
Likewise, Dirty, Ugly, Easy, Funny,Lucky, Wealthy etc.
Case 15-The majority of two-syllable adjectives, along with all adjectives with more than two syllables, generate their comparative by adding more or less, and their superlative by adding most or least.
Positive- Famous
Comparative- More/ less famous
Superlative- Most/least famous
Positive- Careful
Comparative- More/ less Careful
Superlative- Most/least Careful
Case 16- we can use Older – oldest for both person and things.
Shahin is older than Radha.
This is the oldest quin palace in the world.
Case 17- There is no degree of comparison for word “Perfect”
Her diagram is more perfect than mine.(Incorrect)
My diagram is not as perfect as her. (Correct)
Important points to note-
1.)The adjective “every” is stronger than “each.”
2.) Every refers to a group, while each refers to an individual.
3.) Few implies hardly any, few is the inverse of none, and few refers to a small number that can be counted.
4.) In affirmative sentences, some is used, whereas, any is used in negative ones.
Also See: English Grammar and Writing for Students
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