- As we all know that the Sanskrit phrase “VasudhaivKutumbkam” which means “the entire earth is one family”.
- The manmade activities, technologies are responsible for polluting air, water and soil also. The human being are using conventional energy sources on large scale which is causing harm to environment. So it is essential to mange and sustain these energy sources and to make environment pollution free.
- There are rural, national and international rules, regulations and acts are their for environment protection.
- It is most important that we have to make awareness about problems creating our society and how to overcome this problems to make environment pollution free.
- We have to use five R’s to save the environment. That are refuse, reduce, reuse, repurpose and recycle etc.
1.) Refuse:
It means that we have to say no to that thing we don’t want. Also it means say no to the things which harm the environment. In short say no to the plastic bags.
2.) Reduce:
It means we have to use less that quantities which are not more necessary to us. Like after use of electricity we have to switch the devices like fans, light and TV etc. We have to save water by using bucket and we have to avoid direct use of water through tab. We have to make food only that much which is needed to us. We don’t have to waste the food.
3.) Reuse:
We can reuse some things again and again. We can use papers for many purposes again and again. Also we can use plastic for many purposes. The waste materials from kitchen, store rooms can be reused. And we have to think about reuse rather than recycling.
4.) Repurpose:
If some products are not used originally more but they can be reused for many purposes.
Like cracked crockery or cups can be used in garden to plant trees or we can put water in them for birds. Also we use such material to decorate our home also.
5.) Recycle:
- It means we can collect plastics, papers, glass and operating some process on them we can recycle them so that they can be reused.
- So from five R’s we can say that it is more important to make people aware about this 5 R’s mostly. So that they can think about it and operate them.
Why do we need to manage our resources?
- All the things like building, bridges, technologies and so on are using food, cloths, books, toys furniture, tools and vehicles also and all these resources are obtained from the earth.
- The sun is giving us solar energy daily. Some sources are in limited quantities so we have to use them very less so that they can be sustained for future also.
- The energies or electricity generated from wind, nuclear
Why do we need to manage our resources?
- All the things like building, bridges, technologies and so on are using food, cloths, books, toys furniture, tools and vehicles also and all these resources are obtained from the earth.
- The sun is giving us solar energy daily. Some sources are in limited quantities so we have to use them very less so that they can be sustained for future also.
- The energies or electricity generated from wind, electricity generated from nuclear power plant , hydrothermal plant creates waste materials which are responsible for water, air and soil pollution.
- Also mining causes the pollution.
Forests and wildlife:
- Forests are the biodiversity hotspots. The biodiversity of particular area can be decided from the number of species found in that area. The species included may be bacteria, fungi, ferns, flowering plants, nematodes, insects, birds, reptiles and so on.
- The main aim of conservation is to try and preserve the biodiversity that is inherited.
- If there is loss in diversity it may cause loss of ecological stability.
Stakeholders:
- While focusing on conservation of forests we must need to look at the stakeholders which are as given below.
- Most of the people living in forests and around the forests are dependent for their life activity on the forests.
- Also forest department of the government who owns the land to control the resources from the forests.
- The industrialist such as the people who use tendu leaves for making bidis.
- The local people mostly need firewood, small timber and thatch. Also bamboo is used to make slats for huts and baskets for collecting and storing food material. The implements required for agriculture, fishing and hunting are mainly made of wood. The people who gathering fruits, nuts and medicine from forest are and their cattle also graze in forest areas or feed on the fodder which is to be obtained form the forests.
- The nature loving people are conserving flora and fauna from many centuries by sacrificing their lives to protect the environment.
- The government of India has recently instituted an “Amrita Devi Bishnoi National Award for Wildlife conservation” in the memory of Amrita Devi Bishnoi who in 1731 sacrificed her life along with the 363 other women’s for protecting ‘khejri’ trees in Khejrali village near Jodhpur in Rajasthan.
Management of forests:
- The “chipkoandolan” was played most important role in saving forests life.
- The destruction of forest affects not only forests product but also on the quality of soil and the sources of water.
- So management of forest is important to save different species in the environment.
- If one of the species get lost then the whole chain of the environment get collapsed.
- So to avoid such damage we have to manage forest.
Water for all:
- From rainfall we cannot wholly decide the water level of that area. In India rains is mostly due to monsoon and hence in few months of the year rainfall is possible.
- Due to loss of vegetation cover, diversion for high water demanding crops and pollution from industrial effluent and urban wastes are responsible for the decease in water level of the ground.
- Large dam construction, canals traversing large distances were implemented first by British which is more effective for saving water.
Dams:
- Large dams are constructed to store large amount of water and thereby produce electricity. And canal system leading from these dams can transfer large amount of water over the great distances. Like Indira Gandhi Canal has brought greenery in some areas of Rajasthan.
- The construction of large dams also creates problems which are discussed as below:
- Social problems get created because of the displacement of the large number of peasants and tribals without adequate rehabilitation.
- Also economic problems get created due to swallow up huge amount of public money without producing proportionate benefits.
- It may creates environmental problems because it may cause deforestation and loss of biological diversity also.
Water harvesting:
- Water harvesting is the old concept of India.
- Khadins, tanks and nadis in Rajasthan, bandhara and tals in Maharashtra, bundhis in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, hard and pynes in Bihar, kulhs in Himachal Pradesh, ponds in the Kandi belt of Jammu region, and eris in Tamil Nadu, surangams in Kerala,andKattas in Karnataka are the some ancient water harvesting which includes conveyance, structure still in use.
- In largely level terrains, the water harvesting structure are mainly Cresent shaped earthen embankment or low, straight concrete and rubble Check dams were builted seasonally flooded gullies.
- In monsoon only there is rain, so we can store rainwater underground and in dry season we can reuse that water again.
- And advantage to store water under ground is that it cannot be evaporated. And provides moisture for vegetations over a wide areas, recharge wells also.
- Also, the main thing is groundwater get protected from the contamination by human and animals waste.
Coal and petroleum:
- The important energy sources are fossil fuels which includes coal and petroleum are existing in limited quantities.
- The industrialisation and development of technologies has increased the large use of fossil fuels to fulfill their needs.
- The fossil fuels like coal and petroleum are formed from the degradation of bio mass millions of years ago and hence after more use of such fossil fuels may leads to exhaust them. Then only option or remained which is to use alternative sources of energy.
- These fossil fuels contains carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur which on burning produces carbon dioxide, water, oxides of nitrogen and oxides of sulphur.
- Due to insufficient air available for burning if fossil fuels may produce carbon monoxide instead of carbon dioxide which is highly poisonous at higher concentrations. And CO2 is the greenhouse gas. Due to increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere leads to global warming.
- So to avoid such environmental damage effect we may follow the following things which are easy to us.
- We have to take a bus instead of personal vehicles. Also we can go through walking or cycling.
- We have to use LED bulbs instead of Fluorescent tubes in our homes
- We have to wear an extra cloths in winter and have to avoid the heater or sigri.
An overview of natural resource management:
In order to save the environment and forest we have to take responsibility of our own first and then we have to go to society, village and then for nation. We have to reduce our needs which are not more necessary. So that energy sources will be conserved for future purpose also. We have to adapt some responsibility of taking care of environment around us so that our life activities can’t produce any type of pollution. So we all together will mange energy sources and our environment also.