As we know, There are total 118 elements present in modern periodic table . out of which 92 are naturally occurring 26 are man made or synthetic elements .
In naturally occurring elements 70 are metals and about 22 are non metals.
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What are metals ?
o Metals are the substance that are naturally found in the earth crust in free State or in combined state .
o The materials which conducts electricity easily as well as heat relatively and show a lustrous appearance that material is called metals
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Properties :
1) It is malleable and ductile in nature.
2) It show lustrous and shiny properties
3) Metals are hard and strong in nature that’s why it is use to make satellites ,automobiles parts ,cooking utensils jewelleries.
4) Most of the metals are hard except sodium and potassium.
5) It is usually solid at room temperature. Except mercury.
6) Most of the metals gives thin sheets after hammering
7) Some metals like gold , silver, platinum etc found in the free State but most of the metals are in combined state as oxides , carbonates, silicates that’s called metal ores.
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Types of metals :
1.) Classification by atomic structure: they are also classified based on atomic structure according to periodic table. That are
▪ Alkaline – group 1 St elements
▪ Alkaline earth metals – group 2 and elements
▪ Transition metals – group 3 to 12 elements Metal belonging to the same group show similar chemical properties and reacting nature.
2.) Iron content metal : The metal contain iron is called ferrous metal The compound do not have any iron metal is called non ferrous metal . e.g. Aluminium , steel, copper, gold ,silver.
3.) Magnetic and non magnetic metals :
▪ Ferromagnetic – metal attract strongly to magnet.
▪ Paramagnetic- metal have weak attraction towards weak attraction.
▪ Diamagnetic- metals have weak repulsion towards magnet.
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Types of metals :
1.) Classification by atomic structure: they are also classified based on atomic structure according to periodic table. That are
▪ Alkaline – group 1 St elements
▪ Alkaline earth metals – group 2 and elements
▪ Transition metals – group 3 to 12 elements Metal belonging to the same group show similar chemical properties and reacting nature.
2.) Iron content metal : The metal contain iron is called ferrous metal The compound do not have any iron metal is called non ferrous metal . e.g. Aluminium , steel, copper, gold ,silver.
3.) Magnetic and non magnetic metals :
▪ Ferromagnetic – metal attract strongly to magnet.
▪ Paramagnetic- metal have weak attraction towards weak attraction.
▪ Diamagnetic- metals have weak repulsion towards magnet.
- Examples:
o Gold(Au) – it is shiny in nature and use to make jewelleries .it gives thin sheet by hammering.
o Iron(Fe)- it is approximately 5% of the earth crust . Pure iron is unstable element. It is found in the earth crust in the form of iron oxides ores.
o Aluminium- it is found in the form of bauxite. is most widespread metal on earth .
o Copper- it is good conductor of electricity Rather other metal .widely application in electrical conductivity.