Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Solution Chapter 12 – India gains Independence
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Solution Chapter 12: India gains Independence. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 8 get here India gains Independence full Exercise Solution.
| Std | Maharashtra Class 8 |
| Subject | History and Civics Solution |
| Chapter | India gains Independence |
EXERCISE SOLUTION
(1.) Rewrite the statements by choosing the appropriate options.
1.) PANDIT JAWAHARAL NEHRU was the head of the Interim Government.
2.) The plan of creation of two independent nations, India and Pakistan, was made by LORD MOUNTBATTEN.
(2.) Answer the following questions in one sentence.
1.) WHICH DEMAND WAS ADVOCATED BY BARRISTER JINNAH?
ANS:- In 1930 Dr. Muhammad Iqbal, a well known poet put forth the thought of an independent Muslim state. Later Chaudhury Rahmat Ali put up the idea of Pakistan. Then Barrister Muhammad Ali Jinnah put forth the two nation theory and demanded a separate Muslim nation named Pakistan. Then Indian National Congress was only a Hindu organaisation, the muslims have no benefit for it. So such kind of propaganda was started by Barrister Jinnah.
2) WRITE THE NAME OF THE MINISTERS PARTICIPATING IN CABINET MISSION?
ANS:- after the end of the second world war the British rulers were in favour of granting freedom to India. Accoding to it the right of Indian people to draft their own constitution was recognised. It was also made clear that th issue of minorities will not come in the way of Indian’s Independence. In 1946 a delegation of British ministers namely Pethick Lawrence, Stafford cripps and A.V Alexander put forth England’s plan regarding India infront of the Indian leaders. These ministers were participated in Cabinet mission.
(3. ) Explain the following statements with reasons.
1.) THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS APPROVED THE PARTITION.
ANS:- When England prime minister Atlee had announced that England would leave its dominion on India. Then on the background of transfer of power in India Lord Mountbatten Was appointed viceroy in India. Thereafter he prepared a plan of creation of India and Pakistan as two independent nations. Then Indian National Congress opposed the plan of partition. Muslim league remained adamant on the creation of Pakistan. Then INC approved the decision of Partition with complete helpless.
2) THE WORKING OF INTERIM GOVERNMENT COULD NOT RUN SMOOTHLY.
ANS:- for the Independence the Inc was the most important political entity in India. While the blaze of violence had arisen in the country then viceroy Wavell established the Interim Government. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru was the head of this government,later he participated in it. But since the leaders of Muslim league adopted the policy of obstruction so the working of Interim government coild not run smoothly.
3) THE WAVELL PLAN COULD NOT BECOME SUCCESSFUL.
ANS:- In 1945 Lord Wavell the viceroy of India drew up a new plan . There were different provisions in this plan. Accordingly some of this provisions were that in central and provincial legislatures Muslims., dalits, minorities should be given proper representation and there will be equal number of Hindu and and muslim members in the viceroy council. A meeting was held in India at simla. All major political parties attend to consider the Wavell plan. Barrister Jinnah insisted that only the Muslim league should have the right suggest the names of muslim representatives to the viceroy’s xecutive council. But then the congress opposed it. Therefore the Wavell plan could not become successful.
(4.) Write the events on the following timeline.
1945= World war II was end and the labour party forms the government, Wavell plan.
1946= Obsereved ‘Direct action day’, Stafford cripps put forth England’s plan, Interim Government established.
1947=Mountbatten plan, India gains Independence.
1948=Mahatma Gandhi is assassinated by Nathuram Godse.
(5.) Answer the following questions in brief.
1.) WHY DID THE BRITISH TOOK STEPS TOWARDS GRANTING FREEDOM TO INDIA?
ANS:- After the civil disobedience movement, quit India movement and many other revolutionary outfits the Rulers were despotic towards the people and after the world war Britain lost a large amount of economic, military and political strength. After that on 18 july 1947 on the basis of Mountbatten plan the Indian Independence act was passed I British parliament. On 15th august two independent nations India and Pakistan formed. Thereafter the British parliament will not have any control over them. The act provided them the right to either join India or Pakistan or remain independent.
2.) WRITE INFORMATION ABOUT MOUNTBATTEN PLAN.
ANS:- England prime minister Atlee had announced that England would leave its dominion on India before june 1948. On the background of transfer of power in India, Lord Mountbatten was appointed as viceroy of India. Mountbatten held discussions with prominent leaders of India. Therefore he prepared a plan of creation of India and Pakistan as two independent nations. Indian National Congress opposed the plan of partition. Unity of the nation was the basic stand of INC, but the muslim league remained adamant on the creation of Pakistan. Then Inc was left with no option but to accept the decision of partition with complete helplessness.
3.) WHY DID MUSLIM LEAGUE DECLARE TO OBSERVE 16TH AUGUST AS DIRECT ACTION DAY? WHAT WERE ITS EFFECTS/
ANS:- In the cabinet miossion some of the provisions in the plan were not acceptable to th congress. Similarly there was no provision of independent state for the muslims so the muslim league was unsatisfied. Since the demand of Pakistan was not being fulfilled the Muslim league decided for direct action. So that 16th August 1946 was decleared as direct action day by Muslim league.
This led to the Hindu Muslim riots in various parts of the country as the supporters of the Muslim league resorted to violent ways to bring notice to their demands.
