Maharashtra Board Class 12 Political Science Solution Chapter 2 – Key Concepts and Issues since 1991: Globalisation
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 12 Political Science Solution Chapter 2: Key Concepts and Issues since 1991: Globalisation. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 12 get here Key Concepts and Issues since 1991: Globalisation full Exercise Solution.
Std |
Maharashtra Class 12 |
Subject |
Political Science |
Chapter |
2 |
Chapter Name |
Key Concepts and Issues since 1991: Globalisation |
Q.1 (A) Choose the correct alternative and complete the following statements.
1.) The technologies of the information age are by their nature transnational.
2.) In 1995, GATT was replaced by the World Trade Organization.
(B) Find the odd word in the given set. Mobile, Satellite, Internet, Gramophone
Ans: Gramophone is the odd one out, since it is not in the recent technological inventions. The mobile, satellite and internet are recent inventions while the gramophone is an old invention by Emilie Bernier in 1887.
(C) Suggest appropriate concepts for the given statements.
(1) The international agency dealing with international trade – World Trade Organization is the international agency dealing with international trade, deciding and determining what the rules of international trade would be.
(2) The companies that operate in several countries – Multinational Companies are the sort of companies that operate in several other countries but their main office remains in the home countries only.
(D) Identify the incorrect pair in every set, correct it and rewrite it.
1.) (i) Service sector – Bank (ii) Intellectual property – Trademark (iii) Perishable commodity – Coal
Ans: Perishable commodity and coal is the incorrect pair since coal does not count as a perishable commodity but fruits, seeds etc are considered as perishable commodities.
2.) (i) China – Socialist market economy (ii) India – Capitalist market economy (iii) Western European Countries – Welfare market economics
Ans: India and Capitalist Market Economy is an incorrect pair because India is not a capitalist country but rather follows an economic liberal method, encouraging both socialist and capitalist economy systems.
Q.2 State whether the following statements are true or false with reasons.
(1) Investment in infrastructure sector is most important – True
(2) Non-state actors have become irrelevant in the age of globalization- False
Q.3 Explain correlation between the following.
(1) Globalization and culture
(2) GATT and WTO
- Globalization and Culture: When we talk about the impact of globalization on the world, we understand that it has lasting effects on the culture of the countries where globalization has spread. In the prior chapter, we did learn about the concept of soft power, and globalization is exactly how the Western powers have exerted their soft powers, by using globalization to spread their culture and lifestyles among other countries, via social media, high end technology, etc. Let’s take an example of globalization and its relation with culture in our country India. We do not see a complete traditional lifestyle in our country, and we as people have accepted the impact of Westernization on our lifestyle and habits. From our dressing sense to what we’re learning and consuming, everything is westernized and it is there in our country because of globalization. We celebrate festivals in a completely westernized way by having Diwali or Holi parties and celebrate days like Father’s Day or Mother’s Day, which are not actually Indian festivals but complete Western concepts. These all have become much popular in the 21st century because of the prevalence of social media and the Internet, which is used in a phenomenal manner. So basically, India’s traditional culture has adopted a lot of westernization and that has become possible because of globalization.
- GATT and WTO: When we talk about the relation between the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade and the World Trade Organization, we are basically talking about the international trade treaties. GATT is a former organization that existed before WTO and was not an organization, to be precise, but was a form of agreement that existed between nations regarding international trade. It came into existence in 1948 and the World Trade Organization, a complete organization for international trade, came thereafter in 1995. It was just not an agreement like GATT, but an organization that promoted the idea of free trade by focusing on abolishing tariffs on imports. Basically, today it is the only organization to exist to look after international trade.
Q.4) Express your opinion: “Participatory State is beneficial to society.”
Ans: I completely agree on this term, that participatory states are indeed beneficial to society because they allow the society and the citizens to be a part of the government’s functioning and that it has its say in the decisions of the government through various ways. Basically, if we understand the term participatory states, we realize that participatory states are one which allows the participation of its people in the government. These are beneficial because they do not allow the tyranny of the government to exist in its working, and everything is done, even the election of the government is done on the basis of the participation of the people. They are beneficial because people get to choose who is to govern them, what decisions should be taken, and above all, they get the power to throw down the government in case the government disappoints them via their ways of functioning. The participatory states make everything citizen centric and not government centric, allowing elections, polls and even interviews of the politicians, making them realize that the actual rulers are the people themselves. It is a boon by democracy, which allows each and every segment of the society to participate in the making and building of the government, its policies and its functioning.
Q.5) Answer the following question in 80 to 100 words.
What are the positive and negative aspects of Globalization?
Ans: Globalization has basically been a very great thing in the development of trade and countries but it has its own positive and negative impacts. The positive aspects of globalization would be an increase in the employment sector and decreasing of evils like unemployment and poverty. With multinational companies coming to different countries, employment has been booming, helping countries develop. There are different kinds of culture intermixing with the traditional cultures, creating a completely different cultural diversity. Different inventions have helped ease lives, while the negative aspects of globalization is it has impacted traditional cultures and have rooted out the importance of regional cultures and languages, asserting that only Western cultures and languages are cool.