Maharashtra Board Class 10 Geography Solution Chapter 4 – Climate
Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 10 Geography Solution Chapter 4: Climate. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 10 get here Climate full Exercise Solution.
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Std |
Maharashtra Class 10 |
| Subject |
Geography Solution |
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Chapter |
Climate |
1.) Write the names of the States/Regions in appropriate columns :
Solution:
High rainfall in India – Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, Goa.
High rainfall in Brazil – Tocantins,Roraima, Rio Grande.
Moderate rainfall in India – Bihar, Eastern Maharastra, West Bengal.
Moderate rainfall in Brazil – Alagoas, Amazonas,Santa Catarina.
Low rainfall in India – Western part of Rajasthan, Gujarat, Western Andhra Pradesh.
Low rainfall in Brazil – Pernambuco, Rio Grande Do Norte, Paraiba.
Q 2. State whether right or wrong. Rewrite the wrong sentences
(a) The fact that Brazil lies on the equator affects its climate in a big way.
Ans) Right
(b) India and Brazil have the same seasons at the same time.
Ans) Wrong -India and Brazil have the different seasons at the same time.
(c) India faces tropical cyclones frequently.
Ans) Right
(d) Brazil gets a lot of rainfall because of the southwest monsoon winds.
Ans) Wrong-Brazil gets a lot of rainfall because of the southeast trade wind.
Q 3. Give geographical reasons:
(a) The north eastern part of Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall.
Ans) The north eastern part of Brazilian Highlands receives very less rainfall because it comes under the rain shadow region. Brazilian highlands extend up to the northern coast. Beyond the highlands, the effect of these winds gets reduced because of the escarpments, who act as obstructions and cause orographic type of rainfall in the coastal region. They are also the reason behind creating rain shadow region on the opposite side-the north eastern part of Brazilian Highlands.
(b) Snowfall doesn’t always occur in Brazil.
Ans) Snowfall doesn’t always occur in Brazil because-most of the part of this country lies in the tropical zone and the equator passes through the northern part of the country, which raises the temperature. Again the coasts also experience mild and humid climate because of the proximity to the sea. But sometimes the snowfall occurs in the southern part of the Brazil because of the arrival of the mass southern …polar air.
c) Convectional type of rainfall is not prominent in India.
Ans) Convectional type of rainfall is not prominent in India because it comes under Tropical region. Here we experience ‘monsoon’ type of climate as average temperatures are higher throughout the year and the sunrays are perpendicular upto the Tropic of Cancer , which passes through the middle of the country .Moreover hereOrographic type of rainfall occurs because of the natural obstruction of the Himalayas.
d) Tropical cyclones occur rarely in Brazil.
Ans) Tropical cyclones occur rarely in Brazil because the winds move in the vertical direction in this region and the convergence zone of the trade winds is weak here.
e) There is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus.
AnS) There is not much difference in the range of temperature in Manaus because it is situated near the equator and experiences maximum hot and humid types of climate. The Sun rays fall directly on the place throughout the year.
f) India receives precipitation from the North-East Monsoon winds too.
Ans) India receives precipitation from the North-East Monsoon winds too because of the Retreating Monsoon which occurs due to the obstruction of the Himalayas. Winds return from the Himalayan ranges blowing from the north-east towards the Indian Oceans, bring rainfall again to some parts of the Peninsula and receives moisture from the Bay of Bengal.
Q 4. Answer the following questions:
(a) Describe in brief the changes occurring in the climatic conditions of India while going from south to north.
Ans) India experiences tropical monsoon type of climate. Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the country and sunrays are perpendicular upto the Tropic of Cancer. As a result average temperatures are higher throughout the year and temperaturesincrease towards the south. Again due to the coastal effect temperature of the southern part of India is much higher. So while going from south to north one must experience moderate temperate types of climate. In winters, , the temperatures drop to – 40° Celsius in Jammu and Kashmir and parts of mountainous regions of Himalayas.
(b) Explain the importance of the Himalayas and the Indian Ocean with respect to the climate of India.
Ans) The Himalayas and the Indian Ocean has a great influence on the climate of India. The Himalayan ranges act as a barrier and obstructs the very cold Wind blowing from the North. Again orographic type of rainfall occurs because of the natural obstruction of the Himalayas. Retreating South–West Monsoons take place because of the position of Shiwalik and Himachal ranges of the Himalayas.
Indian Ocean is responsible for the monsoon and rainfall in India. Because of high temperatures in summers, low pressure areas develops in Punjab plains and the Thar desert of Rajasthan and attracts winds coming from the high pressure region in the Indian Ocean which start blowing towards the mainland of India. These moisture-laden winds bring rainfall.
(c) Discuss the factors affecting climate of Brazil.
Ans) The factors affecting climate of Brazil are-
*Equator and Tropic of Capricorn- near equator it is hot while temperate type of climate is found near Tropic of Capricorn.
*South-East Trade winds and the North-east Trade Winds- South-East Trade winds and the North-east Trade Winds.
*The escarpments- The escarpments act as an obstruction to the winds coming from the sea and cause orographic type of rainfall in the coastal region.
*The climate is cooler in the Highlands . Because of the proximity to the sea, the oasts experience mild and humid climate.
(d) Compare the climates of Brazil and India.
Ans) i) India has a monsoon types of climate and Brazil experiences hot climate near the equator and temperate type of climate near Tropic of Capricorn.
ii) Brazil gets rainfall from the South-East Trade winds and the North-east Trade Winds and India gets rain fall because of South-west and North-East monsoon winds.
iii) India experiences orographic rainfall rather Brazil experiences orographic and conventional rainfall.
Iv) The convergence zone of trade winds is weak in Brazil. As a result, cyclones are not formed. But in India natural disasters like erratic rainfall, droughts, cyclones, floods, etc. occur frequently.
