DAV Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 20 The Union Government The Judiciary
DAV School Books Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 20 The Union Government The Judiciary all Question Answer. DAV Class 8 20th Chapter The Union Government The Judiciary full Chapter explanation by expert teacher.
DAV School Books Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 20 The Union Government The Judiciary:
(A) Tick the correct option –
(1) The Lok Adalat is generally presided over by –
Ans: (b) Retired Judge.
(2) Who among the following does not work under the Board of Revenue?
Ans: (c) Metropolitan Magistrate.
(3) A judge of the Supreme Court may continue to remain in office till the attainment of –
Ans: (d) 65 Years.
(4) Which one of the following statements about Public Interest Litigation is false?
Ans: (b) It has proved to be a boon for the upper middle class people of India.
(5) Which case related to the following subjects is a civil case?
Ans: (a) Marriage.
(B) Fill in the blanks.
(1) Answer: Board of Revenue.
(2) Answer: Unconstitutional.
(3) Answer: First Information Report.
(4) Answer: Civil.
(5) Answer: Supreme.
(C) Write True or False for the following statements.
(1) Answer: True.
(2) Answer: False.
(3) Answer: False.
(4) Answer: True.
(5) Answer: False.
(D) Answer the following questions in brief –
(1) What is meant by independence of judiciary? Give any two examples to prove that Indian Judiciary is independent.
Ans: Independent judiciary means the judicial system is free from the influence of legislative and executive department. They should be impartial and unbiased.
For example judges are appointed and removed by a particular procedure. They are appointed on the basis of their qualification and removed by the impeachment process. No influence works on that.
(2) Differentiate between civil and criminal cases with the help of examples.
Ans: Marriages, Money, rent matters, purchase of goods etc are get into civil cases. Criminal cases include robbery, cheating, harassment of a woman, murder etc. Criminal cases need a FIR first, while civil cases do not
(3) Describe the composition of Criminal Courts and Revenue Courts.
Ans: Composition of –
Criminal Court- It deals with the criminal cases. Session judgeis the highest court for these matters. After this cases are handled by the magistrate of First, second and third class.
Revenue Court- highest revenue court is the Board of Revenue and deals with the cases of land revenue.
After this court of commissioners, collector, Tahasildar, Assistant Tahasildar are there
(4) What qualifications are required to be a judge of the Supreme Court? How can a judge of the Supreme Court be removed?
Ans: Qualification of a judge of Supreme Court –
1.) He/she should be an Indian.
2.) Should serve the high court or lower court as a judge for minimum period of 5years.
3.) He/she should be a distinguished jurist in the opinion of the President.
Removal procedure – The chief justice and the other judges of Supreme Court should hold the office till the age of 65 years in the normal situation. If any one proved guilty on the basis of misbehavioursand incapacity to discharge functions, they can be removed by the President on the basis of resolution passed by each house of parliament.
(5) ‘India has a single unified and integrated judicial system.’ Explain.
Ans: India has a single, unified and integrated judicial system . Entire judicial system of India is controlled and supervised by it .Being an independent judiciary it can also help to secure the democratic quality of the country. More over Supreme court is the highest court followed by the high court and other subordinate courts.
(E) Answer the following questions –
(1) Briefly describe any five powers and functions of the Supreme Court of India.
Ans: Powers and functions of the Supreme Court –
1.) Court of records – Supreme Court acts as a preserver all the records of the cases verdicted by the courts so that it can be used as a reference in future.
2.) Supervisory jurisdiction – supreme acts as a supervisor of all the sub ordinate court.
3.) Guardian of our constitution – Supreme Court has the only power to interpret the constitution and can take steps against the violation of the constitution. No executive or legislative council can go against the constitution because of the Supreme Court.
4.) Protector of Fundamental rights – Supreme Court protects the fundamental rights and if anyone go against it, punishment should be given by the supreme court.
5.) Advisory jurisdiction – Supreme Court can act as an advisor of the President if he needs that.
(2) Explain the main powers and functions of the High Courts.
Ans: Power and functions of the High court –
1.) If anyone wants to go against the decision of the lower court, appeal can be made in the high court.
2.) It has the power of judicial review.
3.) Like the Supreme Court it can also act as a court of records.
4.) Violating fundamental rights, disputes during the election procedure of MLA and MP’s come under its original jurist.
5.) It can handle both criminal and civil cases.
(3) State the significance of Public Interest Litigation in the Indian judicial system.
Ans: Significance of the Public Interest litigation –
1.) It is a very thoughtful device of the Supreme Court to give justice to the poor and illiterate.
2.) For appealing an ordinary letter on a post card is enough.
3.) With the help of PIL many common matters were desolved and which is the huge advantage for the society.
4.) Through this many Poor, illiterate, and the ignorant people got proper justice.
(4) Explain the concept of Lok Adalats? Why are they called People’s Courts?
Ans: Lok Adalat – It is a part of Indian judiciary for the common people who can’t afford huge amount to drag the cases. It is presided by the retired judges. No advocate or pleader, even no witness are allowed to the court room. Compromise, mutual agreement are the decision making process of Lok Adalat. It is called people’s court because after this common people’s common problems can get solved. Common people, who can’t afford the case fees got the chance to have justice without spending a single penny.
(5) Describe the composition of the High Court. Explain the qualifications, tenure and the method of removal of the High Court judges.
Ans: Composition of high court -President of the country with the advice of the chief justice of Supreme Court and governor of the concerned state gives appointment to the chief justice of high court. Except the chief justice some other judges are also their, whose numbers vary from state to state according to their population.
Qualification –
1.) Should be citizen of India.
2.) Should work as an advocate of one or more high court for not less than 10years or worked as a judge of any subordinate courts for not less than 10 years.
Tenure – till the age of 62 the judges of high court can hold the office of confidence.
Removal – here also impeachment procedure is followed to remove the judges of high court after proving mis behaviour or miss deed. The president can remove them with the help of resolution, passed by the both house of parliament with majority votes.
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