Chhattisgarh State Board Class 10 Social Science Chapter 4 Mineral Resources & Industrialization Exercise Multiple Choice, Fill in the Blanks, Questions and Answers here.
Chhattisgarh State Class 10 Social Science Chapter 4 Solution
Fill in the blanks:
(1) In India’s east coast states we have ___ and ___ industrial regions, whereas in west coast states we have ___and ___ industrial regions.
(2) Chhattisgarh’s slurry pipeline has been constructed to carry iron ore mined ___mines to ___.
(3) Automobile industry is located in India’s ___and ___ industrial regions. and ___ industrial regions, whereas in west coast states we have ___and ___ industrial regions.
Answer :
(1) Hugli Industrial Region, Vishakhapatnam and Guntur Industrial Region, Mumbai Pune Industrial region, Bangalore-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region.
(2) Dantewada, to Visakhapatnam port
(3) Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region and Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut Industrial Region.
Answer the following questions in brief:
(1) Which minerals are important sources of energy!
Answer :
Minerals like coal, petroleum, and nuclear elements like Uranium and Thorium are important sources of energy. Coal is found in Damodar Valley, Son, Valley, Mahanadi Basin, and Godavari basin in India. Petroleum reserves are found in Northeast region, Gujarat, Bombay offshore area, and east coast region. Whereas Uranium reserves are found in Tummalpalle and Bima Valley in Karnataka and Thorium is found along Kerala coast.
(2) Which metallic mineral is most abundantly found in India?
Answer :
Iron ore is most abundantly found in India. Most iron ore deposits in India are hematite and magnetite ores. According to estimates 1788 crore tons of iron ore is found in India.
(3) What was the objective of the first mineral-related law enacted after independence?
Answer :
The first mines and minerals Act in India was passed in 1952. It was mainly passed to protect the rights of labour and their health from the hazardous mining practices which were undertaken under the colonial rule.
(4) When did foreign companies get permission to mine in India?
Answer :
The Indian government in 1993 brough new Mining Policy under which the mining activities which were reserved for the public sector was opened for private sector. This mining act was further amended in 1994, 1999 and 2008 to allow the private and foreign companies to undertake mining activities in India.
(5) What type of industries is established close to sources of raw material; and what type of mines are established close to the market?
Answer :
Industries like iron and steel industry, aluminum industry, cement industry, etc. are located close to the source of raw materials. It is being done to reduce the cost of transportation. Whereas industries like textiles, processed goods etc. are located near the markets.
(6) What is the role of banks in the establishment of industries?
Answer :
Capital is the most important requirement for establishment of industries. This capital is provided by share markets, banks, insurance companies etc. to the industrialists to establish an industry. In banks people park their funds which are in turn invested by the banks in these industries. This cyclic movement of funds from the banks is helpful for the development of industry.
(7) Why is it that only the government invests in industries in backward regions?
Answer :
Private investors have the sole purpose of earning profit. So, they invest money only in those areas where they can get maximum profits. Because of this urban center are their main beneficiaries. While in the rural areas government invests for the establishment of industry to drive its development and help in equitable development of all the regions in the country.
(8) What is the difference between hydel power and thermal power?
Answer :
Hydel power plants generate electricity by using the water which is stored in dams. Whereas thermal power plants use coal as their main source of electricity generation.
(9) What are the negative environmental impacts of mining? What are the possible means to curb this negative impact?
Answer :
The negative effects of mining are-
- Mine workers face a lot of health challenges like lung disease because of large dust clouds.
- After the exhaustion of mineral resources, mines are left open, which is dangerous for humans and animals. Many people and animals fall in these mine shafts which are several hundred feet deep.
- It alters the groundwater resources and drainage pattern of the area.
- Activities like sand mining causes sedimentation in riverbeds which destroy the underwater habitat of living organisms.
(10) What should be done to minimize the impact of mining on local communities and what mea- sures can be undertaken to ensure that they benefit from mining operations?
Answer :
Following steps should be undertaken to minimize the impact of mining on local communities-
- Mining activities should be undertaken only with the consent of the residents of that area.
- The forest land which is lost because of mining of rural communities should be balanced with afforestation.
- They should be given priority in employment to compensate for their loss of livelihood.
- There should be a balance between mining and environmental degradation.
- After mining the land should be restored to pre-mining situation or used to some other productive activity like agriculture.
(11) What should be done to ensure that the whole country and not just a few investors gain from mining activities?
Answer :
To ensure that the whole country is benefitted from the mining activities, following steps should be taken-
- Collecting fees and taxes on mining and using it for the betterment of disadvantaged sections of society.
- Proper implementation of the existing laws to better realize the income from mining sector.
- Emphasize the balance between mining and environmental protection to ensure overall livelihood.
- Ensuring that local people are provided employment in the mining setup to provide them alternative source of livelihood.
- The mines which are closed should be used for alternative purposes like agriculture.
(12) What can be done to make capital and technology available for mining? How could national interests be threatened in the process?
Answer :
Capital and Technology both are very important for the development of the mining industry. Financial inclusion in the country would be helpful in increasing the investment in the sector and private investment should also be appreciated in the industry through easier tax regimes. While technological requirements can be met by promoting research activities in the country as well as importing the latest technology from the foreign country. But it can become a challenge for the national interest as it would increase the import bill of India, and more exports of ores and minerals from India to other countries.
(13) What are the advantages and disadvantages of permitting foreign companies to enter the mining industry?
Answer :
Various advantages of permitting foreign companies in mining industry include-
- development of many industries based on minerals which makes goods available to the consumers at very low prices.
- It diversified the number of goods produced.
- It created new opportunities for employment.
- It increased the foreign trade in India, and it also led to the development of the transport sector.
Various disadvantages of the permitting foreign industries in mining industry include-
- Exploitation of natural resources and degradation of environment.
- Increased cost of land, labor, transportation, power, water etc.
- Regional imbalance in development as some areas get greater investment while rural areas are not able to attract any foreign investment.
(14) The districts in India with the most abundant mineral resources are also the regions that are least developed and where the poorest people live. Why is this so in your opinion?
Answer :
The regions in which most minerals are found in India are Damodar Valley, Son Valley, Mahanadi basin and Godavari basin. These regions are covered by dense forests and are occupied by tribal communities. With the discovery of minerals in these regions, the companies involved in mining deforested the area and degraded its natural environment. Because of this the tribal population living in these areas face unemployment and poverty. It is the main reason behind the least development and poorest people living in the most abundant mineral resource rich regions.
(15) Why have industries migrated from developed to developing nations in the last 50 years? Explain with examples.
Answer :
The Industrial revolution started in England in the 18th century. From then England and other developed countries have been engaged in extracting minerals which led to the extinction of minerals in their geographical areas. Because of availability of raw materials in developing countries and other factors like cheap labor, transportation, and a big market, the industries shifted from developed countries to developing countries.
(16) Why are industrial regions unstable? Why do industries shift out of locations that they were well established in?
Answer :
Industries usually shift from their original established location to a new location because of exhaustion of resources, increase in the prices of land, labor, power, water etc., activities of labor organizations which hamper their productivity, discouragement from the government etc. These are the major reasons for instability in the industrial regions and their migration from one place to another.
(17) What is the relation between labor and market development?
Answer :
Labor is an important aspect in the development of an industrial region. Skilled and trained laborers are required to work in the industries. Developed countries have a huge population of skilled labor but their wage levels are high, because of which many industries shifted to developing countries in the search of cheap availability of skilled labor.
Additional questions and answers
Mcq
Chapter 4
1.) Which river flows through the Korba district and provides water for the industries?
a.) Mahanadi
b.) Hasdo
c.) Ib
d.) Ganga
2.) The Bharat Aluminium Company is established where?
a.) Ahmedabad
b.) Korba
c.) Jodhpur
d.) Manesar
3.) Manipet mines are famous for production of
a.) Bauxite
b.) Iron
c.) Coal
d.) Manganese
4.) Chotanagpur Industrial Region encompasses the area of
a.) Odisha
b.) Damodar Valley
c.) Singhbhum
d.) All of the above
5.) Cotton textile is the prime industry of which industrial region?
a.) Gujarat industrial region
b.) Bangalore-Coimbatore industrial region
c.) Hugli industrial region
d.) Mumbai Pune industrial region
6.) Asia’s largest nuclear reactor is
a.) Apsara
b.) Tarapur
c.) Kudankulam
d.) None of the above
7.) Uranium reserves are found in India in
a.) Tummalpalle
b.) Kerala coast
c.) Bhima river valley in Karnataka
d.) Both a and c
8.) Major coal producing regions of India are
a.) Godavari basin
b.) Damodar Valley
c.) Son Valley
d.) All of the above
9.) Largest lead deposits in India are found in
a.) Gujarat
b.) Rajasthan
c.) Jharkhand
d.) Chhattisgarh
10.) Malajkhand mines are famous for production of which mineral?
a.) Coal
b.) Iron
c.) Bauxite
d.) Copper
Very short
Q.) Which body is responsible for gathering information about the mines and the availability of minerals?
Geological Survey of India.
Q.) Name any two atomic minerals.
Uranium and Thorium.
Q.) Name the types of iron ore.
Haematite, Magnetite, limonite, and Siderite.
Q.) Which types of iron ore is mostly found in peninsular plateau?
Hematite ore
Q.) Mention the uses of manganese.
It is used for manufacture of steel, glass, clay utensils, plastics, floor tiles, glass, varnish, and dry cell batteries etc.
Q.) The biggest reserves of chromite ore are found in which state?
Sukinda valley, Cuttack and Jhanjpur district of Odisha.
Q.) Liberalisation began with which five-year plan in India?
7th five-year plan.
Q.) The first modern cotton textile mill was started by whom?
Kavas ji Dabar
Q.) Chotanagpur Industrial Region is famous for production of which manufactured goods?
Steel production, heavy engineering industries, and fertilizers.
Q.) When was Bharat Aluminium Company established?
27th November 1965