Biosphere Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes
We have provided here Biosphere Class 8 Extra Questions and Answers Notes by our Experienced Teacher. This Extra Questions and Answers Notes consists of MCQ Questions and Answers; Very Short Type Questions and Answer & Short Type Questions and Answers.
Mcqs
1.) What is the fourth component of the Earth where life exists?
a) Hydrosphere
b) Atmosphere
c) Biosphere
d) Lithosphere
Answer: c)
2.) What scientific field studies the interaction of living organisms with their environment?
a) Geology
b) Ecology
c) Meteorology
d) Astronomy
Answer: b)
3.) Which term refers to a community of plants and animals, along with their immediate environment?
a) Ecosystem
b) Biosphere
c) Habitat
d) Environment
Answer: a)
4.) What is the unfavourable alteration of the surroundings, wholly or partly by human action, through direct and indirect effects called?
a) Ecosystem
b) Pollution
c) Climate change
d) Natural phenomenon
Answer: b)
5.) Which type of pollution is caused by substances put into the air by human activity, leading to harmful effects on health and the environment?
a) Water pollution
b) Noise pollution
c) Soil pollution
d) Air pollution
Answer: d)
6.) What is the primary cause of global warming, leading to an increase in Earth’s temperature?
a) Acid rain
b) Greenhouse effect
c) Ozone depletion
d) Noise pollution
Answer: b)
7.) Which gas is a significant contributor to the greenhouse effect?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Carbon dioxide
d) Hydrogen
Answer: c)
8.) What is the thin layer of gas in the stratosphere that absorbs ultraviolet rays and protects life on Earth called?
a) Carbon dioxide layer
b) Ozone layer
c) Methane layer
d) Hydrogen layer
Answer: b)
9.) What term describes the variety of flora and fauna in a region?
a) Environment
b) Ecology
c) Biodiversity
d) Pollution
Answer: c)
10.) What is the primary gas responsible for causing acid rain?
a) Oxygen
b) Nitrogen
c) Sulfur dioxide
d) Carbon monoxide
Answer: c)
Oneliners:
1.) What is the study of living organisms’ interactions with their environment?
Answer: Ecology
2.) What is the thin layer of gas that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet rays?
Answer: Ozone
3.) What is the unfavourable alteration of the environment due to human actions?
Answer: Pollution
4.) What is the process where Earth’s temperature increases due to the trapping of heat by greenhouse gases?
Answer: Global warming
5.) What term describes the variety of plant and animal species in a region?
Answer: Biodiversity
6.) What do we call a community of plants and animals in their environment?
Answer: Ecosystem
7.) Which gas is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect?
Answer: Carbon dioxide
8.) What is the atmospheric phenomenon causing the depletion of the ozone layer?
Answer: Ozone depletion
9.) What type of pollution results from substances put into the air by human activity?
Answer: Air pollution
10.) What is the primary cause of acid rain?
Answer: Sulfur dioxide
Short questions
1: What is the biosphere and why is it important in the context of life on Earth?
A: Biosphere refers to the part of the earth inhabited by life, which includes all living organisms. It is significant because it is the basis of all life on our planet and creates the conditions for the development and preservation of various life forms.
2: Define ecology and explain its role in understanding the environment.
A: Ecology is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their physical, chemical and biological environments. It plays a crucial role in understanding how organisms adapt, evolve and coexist in natural ecosystems, helping us understand the delicate balance of life on Earth.
3: What is an ecosystem and how is it defined?
A: An ecosystem is a community of plants and animals and their immediate environment, which includes both living and non-living parts. It can also be defined as the sum of all the elements and interactions of a given ecological community.
4: Why is ecological balance important and what does it mean in the natural environment?
A: Ecological balance is necessary because it represents the harmonious coexistence and interdependence of different organisms in the natural environment. This means that these organisms carry out their tasks without disturbing the delicate balance that ensures the sustainability of life in the ecosystem.
5: What are the two main types of environments and how do they differ?
A: Environments can be divided into two main types.
-Natural or geographic environment: This refers to the environment created by natural processes such as landscapes, climate and ecosystems.
-Cultural or man-made environment: This applies to environments formed or modified by human activity, such as cities, buildings and infrastructures.
6: What is environmental pollution and why is it considered a major ecological crisis?
A: Environmental pollution Is a partial or complete adverse change in our environment caused by both direct and indirect human activities. It is considered a major ecological crisis because it negatively affects the quality of life of plants, animals and people due to factors such as overpopulation, industrialization and exploitation of natural resources.
7: What are pollutants and how are they classified by origin?
A: Pollutants are substances that cause pollution. According to their origin, they can be divided into two groups:
-Natural pollutants: substances originating from natural processes such as volcanic eruptions, forest fires and cosmic dust.
– Anthropogenic pollutants: substances produced by human activities, including emissions from industry, vehicles and waste management.
-Man-made pollutants are often more dangerous than natural ones.
8: Describe the different types of environmental pollution and their effects.
A: There are different types of environmental pollution:
-Air pollution: the release of harmful substances into the air, which leads to health problems, climate change and damage to vegetation.
-Water pollution: Pollution of water bodies, which causes waterborne diseases, damages aquatic organisms and damages agriculture.
-Soil pollution: the deterioration of soil quality, which leads to a decrease in fertility and to the conversion of wastelands.
-Noise pollution: unwanted sounds that can cause health problems, psychological disorders and loss of concentration.
9: What is global warming and what affects this phenomenon?
A- Global warming is a gradual increase in the Earth’s temperature, mainly caused by the greenhouse effect. This is due to the accumulation of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, which trap heat in the atmosphere. Burning fossil fuels and deforestation contribute to this phenomenon.
10: Why is ozone depletion a concern and how is it caused?
A: The depletion of the ozone layer is a concern because ozone absorbs harmful ultraviolet rays from the sun and protects life on Earth. This is mainly due to the release of synthetic chemicals, especially chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), into the atmosphere through operations such as air conditioning, refrigeration and spraying. The depletion of the ozone layer leads to the formation of the ozone hole, which threatens both current and future generations
Long ans type:
1: What is the biosphere and why is it considered the fourth component of the Earth?
A: The biosphere is the part of the Earth where there is life, which includes all living organisms and their interactions. It is called the fourth component of the Earth because it completes the quartet of the main spheres of the Earth, which also includes the lithosphere (earth), hydrosphere (water) and atmosphere (air).
2: Explain the concept of ecology and ecological balance. Why is it important to maintain ecological balance?
A: Ecology is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their physical, chemical and biological environments. Ecological balance refers to a natural balance where different organisms live harmoniously side by side in an ecosystem. Maintaining ecological balance is important because it ensures the stability and sustainability of ecosystems, supports plant and animal life, which in turn affects human well-being.
3: Define an ecosystem and describe its components. How does an ecosystem contribute to the survival of organisms?
A: An ecosystem is a community of plants and animals and their immediate environment, including non-living components. This includes living organisms such as plants, animals and microorganisms, as well as abiotic factors such as soil, water and climate. Ecosystems contribute to the survival of organisms by providing essential resources such as food, shelter, and a balanced environment for reproduction and growth.
4: What is environmental pollution and what are its main causes? Discuss the different types of environmental pollution.
A: Environmental pollution means an unwanted change in the natural environment that is partially or fully caused by human activity. The main causes of environmental pollution are overpopulation, industrialization, urbanization, excessive use of natural resources and excessive use of automobiles. There are several types of environmental pollution: air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, and noise pollution, each of which has its own source and effect.
5: Explain the concepts of global warming, greenhouse effect, ozone depletion and acid rain. How do these environmental issues affect the planet?
A: Global warming is a gradual increase in the earth’s temperature as a result of the greenhouse effect, when greenhouse gases trap heat in the atmosphere. Ozone depletion is caused by the release of chemicals such as CFCs, which cause the ozone layer to thin. Acid rain is rain with high acidity caused by pollution. These problems affect the planet by causing climate change, increasing ultraviolet radiation, damaging ecosystems and damaging human health and infrastructure.