Assam SCERT Class 5 EVS Solution: Here on this page we have provided Assam State Class 5 EVS full book Solution Chapter-wise. Students of Assam Board can get here Class 5 Environmental Studies (EVS) Textbook Exercise Solution.
Assam Board Class 5 EVS Solution:
Board |
Assam SCERT |
Class |
5th |
Subject |
EVS |
Medium |
English Medium |
Our Environment (Q) (1) write the answer: –
(a) What is the biotic component of the environment?
Ans:- Biotic component of the environments is – Plants, Animals, Microorganisms, Their waste materials, The waste from living things and dead organisms.
(b) How is the body structure of a penguin?
Ans:- Penguins have a fusiform body shape, which means they are tapered at both ends and streamlined. This shape helps them swim quickly and expertly.
(c) What is a wetland?
Ans:- A wetland is a low-lying area of land that is saturated with water, either permanently or seasonally. The water can come from groundwater, a nearby river, lake, or seawater.
(d) What are the abiotic components of the environment?
Ans:- In biology, abiotic factors can include, water, light, radiation, temperature, humidity, atmosphere, acidity, salinity, precipitation altitude, minerals, tides, rain, dissolved oxygen nutrients, and soil.
(e) What do you understand by the term ‘man-made environment?
Ans:- A man-made environment is, that humans have developed to control environmental conditions. It includes the social context that has existed since the beginning of time, such as traditions, rules, institutions, organizations.
(f) Given one example of each, what animals and plants can be found in the desert?
Ans:-
(1)Mammals: Fennec fox, meerkat, dromedary and Bactrian camel, gazelles etc.
(2) Succulents: Store water in fleshy leaves, stems, or roots.
(3) Birds: Sandgrouse and lappet-faced vulture.
(g) What is the role of light in the environment?
Ans:- Sunlight plays an important role in the ecosystem. It is the primary source of Energy, which is utilized by plants to produce food and is required for productivity And energy flow in the ecosystem.
(Q) (2) Fill in the blanks: –
(a) Camel is the chief animal of the desert.
(b) Polar bear lives in arctic region.
(c) African savanna is found in huge areas in the grasslands.
(d) Cactus/xerophytes types of plants are found in desert?
(e) Light is antibiotic component of environment.
(Q) (3) Write the following statements correctly: –
(a) Polar bear/deer/zebra is an animal of the polar region.
Ans:- Polar bear is an animal of the polar region.
(b) Seal/Reindeer/Yak has long and branched animals.
Ans:- Seal/Reindeer/Yak has long and branched animals.
(c) Giraffe/Lion/Tiger is an herbivorous animal.
Ans:- Giraffe is an herbivorous animal.
(Q) (4) Write short note on: –
Wetland, Micro-organism, Scenery.
(a)Wetland: – Wetland are those where the soil is covered with water or can be Present near the ground throughout the year.
(b)Micro-organism: – Microorganisms are living things that are too small to be seen With the naked eye. They are also known as microbes. Including bacteria, fungi, Archaea, protists, and viruses.
(c) Scenery: – Scenery ia a term used to describe the physical features of an area, such as mountains, valleys, rivers, and forests. It can also refer to the overall Appearance of a place, including the man-made elements.
Lesson – (2) Living Beings And Environment
(Q) (1) Write answers: –
(a) What are the biotic and a biotic components of environment?
Ans:- (1) Biotic components – Plants, animals, birds, micro-organisms are the biotic components of environment.
(2) Abiotic components – air, water, soil, heat, and light from the sun are the a biotic components of environment.
(b) Why are plants called as producers?
Ans:- Plants are called producers because they produce their own food through photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants absorb sunlight, water, minerals, and carbon dioxide to produce glucose, which is sugar energy. This energy-rich sugar gives plants what they need to grow and survive.
(c) How many types of consumers are there and what are they?
Ans:- There are four main types of consumers in an ecosystem.
(1) Herbivores: These animals eat plants, such as goats, cows, elephants, etc.
(2) Carnivores: These animals eat herbivores and sometimes other carnivores, Such as lions.
(3) Omnivores: These animals eat both plants and animals, such as crows and Bears.
(4) Decomposers: These animals consume the remains of dead plants or animals, Such as vultures.
(d) How do decomposers help us?
Ans:- Decomposers help maintain the balance of nature by breaking down dead plants and animals and returning nutrients to the soil. This makes nutrients available for new plants, restarting the food chain. Decomposers include fungi, bacteria, and invertebrates like worms and insects.
(e) Write down the name of three eco-systems?
Ans:-
There are three main types of ecosystems maintained below: –
(1) Terrestrial ecosystems
(2) Freshwater ecosystems
(3) Ocean water ecosystems.
(Q) (2) Fill in the blanks: –
(a) Snail is a primary consumer.
(b)The food webis formed by combining one or more food-chain.
(c) Kite is a tertiary consumer.
(d) There is more than one food-chain in a food-web.
(Q) (3) Find out the correct answers: –
(a) There is always a plant/animal/micro-organism at the beginning of a food-chain.
Ans:- There is always a micro-organism at the beginning of a food-chain.
(b) Decomposer/producer/consumers prepares food.
Ans:- Producer prepares food.
(c) Producer/decomposer/consumers help in rotting of dead bodies.
Ans:- Decomposer help in rotting of dead bodies.
(Q) (4) What is food-chain? Explain with examples?
Ans:- A food-chain is a way of describing how living things in ecosystems depend on each other to survive. A food chain shows how energy is transferred between organisms.
Examples: – (1) Grass → Grasshopper → Frog → Snake → Eagle.
(2) Grass → Deer → Tiger
(3) Grass → Insects → Frog → Snake → Bird
(Q) (5) Is Pond an eco-system? Justify your answer?
Ans:- Yes, a pond is an ecosystem. A pond is a self-contained system where living organisms, their physical environment, and their interactions coexist and influence each other. A pond is a natural ecosystem that is a fragile balance of organisms such as fish, plants, and other animals. Ponds support a diverse range of life, from algae and aquatic plants to insects, fish, amphibians, and birds.
(Q) (6) What do you mean by ‘Photosynthesis’?
Ans:- ‘Photosynthesis’ is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight to create energy. This process chemically converts carbon dioxide and water into food and oxygen.
(Q) (7) Write the difference between-
(a) Producers and Decomposers.
Ans:- Producers are organisms that can make their own food using light energy and inorganic molecules. Examples of producers include plants, algae, and some bacteria. Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organisms and other organic wastes and release inorganic molecules of decomposers include fungi, bacteria, and certain insects. Many kinds of decomposers are microscopic.
(b) Herbivorous and Carnivorous animals.
Ans:- Herbivores: Animals that primarily eat plants. They have adaptations that help them digest plants. Herbivores have alkaline saliva, which means their digestion process is slower than carnivores.
Carnivores: Animals that primarily eat meat. They have long and sharp claws, and sharp and strong teeth that help them tear through the flesh of other animals. carnivores have acidic saliva and start digesting food as soon as it is ingested.
(c) Food-chain and Food-web.
Ans:- A food chain is a linear sequence of organisms that shows how nutrients and energy flow from one trophic level to another. Food chains follow a single path. A food web is a network of interconnected food chains that shows the movement Of energy in an ecosystem. Food web follow multiple paths.
(Q) (8) What would happen if there is no primary consumer in an eco-system?
Ans:- If there are no primary consumers in an eco-system, there would be no food for secondary consumers and higher consumers. This would cause a population crash for higher consumers.
(Q) (9) Why is food-web formed?
Ans:- A food web is formed by interconnections of different food chains. In nature, due to a variety of producers and consumers many food chains become interconnected. Such a complex network of food chains is called as food web.
(Q) (10) Why do the dead plants and animals lying on the ground decompose?
Ans:- Dead plants and animals decompose to recycle nutrients and provide a fresh source of nutrients for new life. Decomposition is an essential part of life cycles on Earth. It limits competition for resources and provides nutrients for new generations of life.
Lesson – (3) The Weather
(Q) (1) Write the answer: –
(a) What do you mean by weather?
Ans:- Our earth is surrounded by air. This layer of air is known as atmosphere. A part from the gases like nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc. water vapour and dust are also present in the atmosphere. At different times, the condition of the atmosphere changes, such as-days are generally hot and nights are cool, sometimes it rains, sometimes wind blows and sometimes there is storm and thunder. Such situations of the atmosphere create the weather.
(b) How many seasons are there and what are they?
Ans:- The country’s meteorological department follows the international standard of four seasons with some local adjustment: (1) Winter (December to February), Summer (March to May), Monson or rainy season (June to September), and a Post- Monson period (October and November).
(c) What is ‘Weather forecasting’?
Ans:- Weather forecasting is the prediction of what the atmosphere will be like in a place by using technology and scientific knowledge to make weather observations. In other words, it is a way of predicting things like cloud cover, rain, snow, wind speed, and temperature before they happen.
(d) Name three instruments that give information on weather?
Ans:- Thermometer for measuring air and sea surface temperature. Barometer for Measuring atmospheric pressure. Hygrometer for measuring humidity. Anemometer for measuring wind speed.
(e) Which department prepares, broadcast weather forecast report for the country?
Ans:- The India Meteorological Department (IMD)is responsible for weather forecasting and meteorological observations in India. The IMD is a government agency that is part of the Ministry of Earth Sciences. The IMD was established in 1857 and is the country’s National Meteoritic Service.
(Q) (2) Match ‘A’ with coloum ‘B.’
Ans:-
A | B |
Atmospheric temperature | Thermometer |
Amount of water vapour in the air | Hygrometer |
Amount of rainfall | Rain gauge |
Speed of wind | Anemometer |
(Q) (3) Fill in the blanks: –
(a) Wearing light cotton clothes is very comfortable in the summers.
(b)Windsocks is an instrument used to measure the direction of wind.
(c) Wind sock is used to measure speed and direction of wind.
(d) Strom is accompanied by lightning and thunder.
(Q) (4) What are the media for weather forecasting?
Ans:- Weather forecasts are broadcast through three main types of media:
(1)Radio / FM
(2)Television
(3)The internet and social media
(Q) (5) Write short notes on following subjects.
(a) Rain gauge: A rain gauge is a device that measures the amount of liquid precipitation (rain) in a certain amount of time. It is usually measured in millimeters and inches. Rain gauge is a meteorological instrument for determining the depth of precipitation (usually in mm) that occurs over a unit area (usually one meter square) and thus measuring rainfall amount.
(b) Artificial satellite: An artificial satellite is a man-made object that has been placed into orbit around a celestial body. Satellites have a variety of uses, including communication relay, weather forecasting, navigation, broadcasting, scientific research, and Earth observation.
(c) Meteorological center: It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquartered in Delhi and operates hundreds of observation stations across India and Antarctica. Regional offices are at Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Nagpur, Guwahati, and New Delhi.
(d) Dry weather: Dry weather is a period when there is little to no rain. It can occur in any part of the world, but it is most common in the tropics. Dry weather can have several negative impacts on the environment and human health. Dry weather that can cause widespread crop failure, water shortages, and wildfires. In some cases, drought can even lead to famine.
(e) Clear weather: Sunny or clear means there are no clouds in the sky, and Cloudy means the entire sky is covered by clouds.
(Q) (6) How should the clothing be according to the weather?
Ans:- (1) Winter – Wear heavy, dark-colored clothes to keep warm and protect from the cold. Dark colors do not capture cold winds. You can also wear layers or thick coats that tap air.
(2) Summer – Wear loose, light-colored clothes to keep cool. Light colors do not absorb heat. Cotton clothes are also a good choice because they have small gaps that allow air to pass through and absorb sweat.
(3) Rainy season – Wear raincoats that do not allow water to pass through.
(4) Hot weather – Wear lighter, more breathable clothing, such as shorts, t-shirts, and sundresses.
(Q) (7) What are the activities in which weather forecasting helps?
Ans:- Weather forecasting is crucial since it helps to determine future climate changes. With the use of latitude, we can determine the probability of snow and hail reaching the surface. We can identify the thermal energy from the sun that is exposed to a region.
(Q) (8) What are the names of the factors of weather?
Ans:-
The main factors that affect weather are: –
(1) Temperature: The amount of heat in the atmosphere caused by the sun’s energy.
(2) Air pressure: Affected by altitude.
(3) Humidity: The presence of moisture in the atmosphere.
(4) Clouds: The amount of cloudiness.
(5) Wind: The speed of the wind.
Lesson-(4) Ways Of Living
(Q) (1) Write answers: –
(a) What is the main occupation of the people living in village? What are the crops they cultivate?
Ans:- The main occupation of village people is agriculture, Generally , rice, pulses, jute, mustard, sesame, sugarcane, various types of vegetables, etc. are cultivate in the
village.
(b) What are the crops cultivated by people living in char areas?
Ans:- People of char areas generally cultivated ‘rabi’ corps. As the soil of the char areas Are loamy and sandy, people grow plenty of pulse, mustard, chilly, brinjal, Watermelon there in the dry season.
(c) What is jhum cultivation? Which crops are cultivated with this agricultural method?
Ans:- Jhum cultivation, also known as shifting cultivation, is a method of agriculture where land is cleared by burning vegetation, cultivated for a few years, and then abandoned. ‘Paddy, marfa, sweet, pumpkin, cotton, sesame, and maize crops etc. The cultivators then move on to another plot of land.
(d) How do the people in the reverie areas live?
Ans:- Reverie communities are communities that live along a river basin. Many people in these communities make a living from water-related activities, such as fishing and agriculture. People who live in reverie areas often build houses on stilts. These houses are typically made with wooden poles or concrete columns that keep the structure above the ground.
(e) In what works are the tea garden labourers engaged?
Ans:- Field workers are engaged in plucking of green tea leaves and activities related to the maintenance of the plantation and its bushes. These include hoeing, weeding, pruning, drainage, etc. Women are mainly engaged in plucking and light maintenance work.
(Q) (2) Match part ‘A with part ‘B’.
Ans:-
A | B |
From The Natural Aspect Assam Is A | Rich State |
In Both Plains And Hilly Regions Of Assam | Tea Garden Are Seen |
Early Man | Passed Nomadic Life. |
Normally People Living In The Char Areas | Cultivate Rabi Crop. |
(Q) (3) Fill in the blanks: –
(a) There is scarcity of water in hilly areas during the dry seasons.
(b) Plain regions are generally flat lands.
(c) Generally, people of hilly regions practice jhum cultivation.
(d) Village/town areas are present in both plains and hilly regions of Assam.
(e) Villages people are associated with cottage industry.
(Q) (4) Write the following sentences correctly.
(a) In early age people lived a progressive life by building permeant houses.
Ans:- In early age the ways of living of human beings were not like that of the present day.
(b) The main occupations of people living in town areas are industry, service, business, etc.
Ans:- The main occupations of people living in town areas are industry, service, business, etc.
(c) Number of vehicles are less in villages than in the towns.
Ans:- Number of vehicles are high/more in the towns than in the villages.
(d) Some people of villages earn their livelihood as service holders besides agricultural work.
Ans:- Some people earn by doing service. Some people living in the reverie areas earn their livelihood by catching fish along with agriculture.
(e) People living in char areas generally cultivated Rabi crops.
Ans:- People living in char areas generally cultivated Rabi crops.
(Q) (5) How was the fire discovered?
Ans:- When the early man roamed in jungles for collection of food, accidently they witnessed the formation of sparks due to rubbing of two stones. Those sparks set fire by coming in contact with dry twigs. Thus, fire was discovered.
(Q) (6) What are the activities for which the early man used stone tools?
Ans:- Early man used tools and equipment’s made up of stones for various activities. stone was available everywhere at that time. They made stone tools in different shapes and sizes as per their need and used in hunting, cutting, and crushing of food stuffs. They used fine, long pointed stone tools to draw pictures.
(Q) (7) Distinguish between: –
(a) Town and Village: Town areas are more convenient for settlement than village. Roads are wide in towns and convenient for transportation. Population is thick in towns. Numbers of vehicles is high. There are enough schools, colleges, Government and non-government offices, institutions, establishments etc. In the towns. Big industries are established in the vicinity of the towns. Services or jobs, business, etc. are the main occupations of the people living in towns. People live in village in plain lands of the valleys. The main occupation of village people are agriculture. Generally, rice, pulses, jute, mustered, sesame, sugarcane, and various types of vegetables, etc. are cultivated in the village. Some people of the village are associated with the cottage industry. The people living in plains are benefitted economically by selling their products like various crops, fruit, vegetables, earthen wares, articles made up of cane and bamboo in the nearby markets.
(b) Plains and Hills: People living in uneven lands of mountains undertake different occupations. There is scarcity of water in hilly areas during the dry season. Generally, people practice jhum cultivation in the hilly areas. By cutting earth and making terraces in the slopes of hills, jhum cultivation is done. Rice, maize, sesame, ginger, turmeric, etc. are main among the crops they grow. It is very difficult to do jhum cultivation. People in the hilly region also make their livelihood by rearing pig, cow, poultry, etc. The transport system in this region is not convenient like plains. Plain regions are generally flat lands. River, lake, pond, etc. are present in the flat lands. The soil of the plains is fertile and therefore suitable for cultivation.
Lesson – (5) Necessity Of Food
(Q) (1) Write answers in short: –
(a) Why do we need food?
Ans:- We need food for survival. We get energy from food to do work. Food helps in the growth and development of our body. There are many nutritious elements in the food we eat.
(b) What are the components of food?
Ans:- There are many nutritious elements in the food we eat. These are called components of food or nutrients. These elements help our body in many ways.
(c) What do you mean by balanced diet? Why do we need a balanced diet?
Ans:- The food which proper amount of carbohydrates, proteins, fat, minerals, vitamins, And water required by our body is known as ‘balanced diet.’ Balanced diet gives us Energy, helps in the growth of our body and sustains our good health.
(d) Why we should drink plenty of water?
Ans:- (1) Water helps to digest the food easily.
(2) Water helps to expel the unwanted substance from the body in the form of Sweat and urine.
(3) Water keeps our body cool. etc.
(Q) (2) Fill in the blanks: –
(a) We need food for survival.
(b) The component of food which helps in growth and development of the body is protein.
(c) There are vitamins and minerals in green vegetables and fruits.
(d) The food in which all the components are there in required amount is called as nutrients.
(Q) (3) Match part ‘A’ and part ‘B’:-
Ans:-
A | B |
The component of food which gives us energy is | Carbohydrate |
The mineral that helps in the formation of bones and teeth is | Calcium |
The mineral which helps in the formation of blood is | Iron |
The disease caused due to lack of iodine is | Goiter |
(Q) (4) Find out the correct answer: –
(a) The components of food which protect our body from diseases are-milk and
curd/fats and proteins/vitamins and minerals.
Ans:- The components of food which protect our body from diseases are vitamins and minerals.
(b)The diseases caused due to absence of any component in food for a long time is called beriberi/night blindness/deficiency diseases.
Ans:- The diseases caused due to absence of any component in food for a long time is called beriberi.
(c) The source of vitamin ‘C’ is milk/soyabean/emblica myrobalan.
Ans:- The source of vitamin ‘C’ is isemblica myrobalan.
Lesson –(6) Natural Resources Of Assam And Its
Conservation
(Q) (1) Write the answers: –
(a) What do you mean by Natural Resources?
Ans:- The natural resources found in Assam can be divided into four types. i.e.
(1)Forest Resources
(2)Mineral Resources
(3)Agricultural Resources
(4)Aquatic Resources
(b) What do you understand by renewable and non-renewable resource?
Ans:- Natural resources such as air, soil, plants, solar energy, etc. are always available even though we use them again and again. They are known as renewable resource On the other hand, some resources take many more years to grow again if we use them once. For example, coal, minerals, crude oil, etc. they are known as non-renewable resources.
(c) Write the names of the National Parks of Assam?
Ans:- National Parks of Assam: –
(1) Kaziranga
(2) Manas
(3) Nameri
(4) Dibru
(5) Orange
(6) Raimona
(7) Dihing Patkai. etc.
(d) Name the district of Assam where limestone is found?
Ans:- Limestone is found following district of Assam: –
(1) Umrangsu of Dima Hasao district,
(2) Koilajan and Dilai of Karbi Anglong Dist.
(e) Name four rare species of animals found in the forests of Assam?
Ans:- Assam is home to many rare and endangered species of animals. i.e.
(1) Pygmy hog
(2) Great Indian one-horned rhinoceros
(3) Royal Bengal tiger
(4) Golden langur.
(Q) (2) Write short notes on:-
(a) Wild life sanctuary: – Based on bio-diversity, the govt. has declared of great natural importance as wild life sanctuary. The flora and fauna of the region are specially protected in the sanctuaries. Strict vigilance is provided there so that no one can cut trees without proper permission and kill animals.
(b) Reserved Forest: – Forest is the habitat of many plants and animals. The earth will be suitable for humans to live only if there are trees and animals. For protection and conservation of these forest resources, the government has recognized some natural regions full plants, wild animals and birds are reserved forests, wild life sanctuary, national park, bird sanctuary, botanical garden etc. The Govt. has announced some of the natural regions rich in forest resources as reserved forest.
(c) Botanical Garden: – Botanical gardens also serve for the conservation of rare and endangered species. They attract many visitors for observing plant diversity. They provide material for botanical research. They also serve for preservation of herbarium specimens.
(d)National Park: – A national park is an area of land that has been set aside by a govt. for the purpose of conservation and recreation. National parks are typically, areas of natural beauty that are home to a variety of plants and animals. They are also often used for educational and research purposes.
(Q) (3) fill in the blanks: –
(a) 21st March is observed as World Forest Day.
(b) All the materials we find in nature is not resources.
(c) The cool mine of Makum is very old.
(d) Limestone is used to produce cement.
(e) Brahmaputra and Barak are two main rivers of Assam.
(Q) (4) Write about the necessity of conservation of Bioresearches.
Ans:- Bioresearches are the living resources that are obtained from the environment. They can be used for a variety of purposes, including food, medicine, and energy. The conservation of bioresearches is important for several reasons. First, bioresearches are essential for human survival. We rely on them for food, water, air, and shelter. Second, are important for economy. The diseconomy is a growing sector that includes industries such as agriculture, forestry, and fisheries. These industries provide jobs and generate revenue. Third, are important for environment. They help clean the air and water, and provide habitat for wildlife.
(Q) (5) Write three measures to be taken to create environmental awareness?
Ans:- (1) Reduce, (2) reuse, and (3) recycle.
The three Rs are simple but effective way to reduce waste and conserve resources.
Reduce the amount of waste you produce by buying less stuff, reusing items
Whenever possible, and recycling everything you can.
(Q) (6) Find out the correct answer and write: –
(a) Which one of the following is a National Park?
Ans- (i) Raimona
(b) Which one of the following is the state bird of Assam?
Ans:- (iv) White winged wood duck
See also: