32/3/1 2022 Class 10 Social Science Question Paper Solution
Social Science
Section—A
( Very Short Answer-Type Questions )
1.) Mention the views of Mahatma Gandhi on Satyagraha. Ans:
The idea of Satyagraha :-
(i) Emphasised the power of truth.
(ii) Struggle against injustice.
(iii) Physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor.
(iv) Satyagrahi could win the battle through non-violence.
(v) Dharma of non-violence could unite all Indians.
2.) Explain the major concerns of Jute Textile industry.
Ans: (i) Stiff competition in the international market from synthetic substitutes.
(ii) Competition from countries like Bangladesh, Brazil, Philippines, Egypt and Thailand.
(iii) There is a need to stimulate demand.
(iv) The product needs to be diversified.
3.) Which two conditions democracy must fulfil in order to achieve a harmonious social life?
Ans: (i) Minority and majority must work together.
(ii) Majority does not become rule by majority community.
(iii) Democratic rule needs to be accommodative.
4.) Analyse the situation in which credit pushes the borrower into a situation from which recovery is very painful.
Ans: (i) Sometimes due to crop failure loan repayment is difficult.
(ii) One has to sell part of the land to repay the loan.
(iii) Credit, instead of helping leads to worsening the condition of the borrower.
(iv) Push the borrower in debt-trap.
5.) Read the following table and answer the questions that follow :
Table : Indian Railway Track
GAUGE IN METERS |
Route(Km) | Running Track(Km) |
Total Track(Km) |
Broad Gauge |
46,807 | 66,754 | 88,547 |
Metre Gauge | 13,209 | 13,976 |
16,489 |
Narrow Gauge |
3,124 | 3,129 | 3,450 |
Total | 63,221 | 83,859 |
1,08,486 |
Resource : 2017–18, Ministry of Railways, Government of India
5.1) Which gauge covers maximum of track length in hill areas in India?
Narrow Gauge
5.2) Which gauge has the highest length in India?
Broad Gauge(track length 1,17,560)
Section—B
( Short Answer-type Questions )
6.a) Examine the debate that took place in the World Trade Orgnisation for the developing countries.
Ans: (i) Though WTO is supposed to allow free trade for all, in practice, it is seen that the developed countries have unfairly retained trade barriers.
(ii) WTO rules have forced the developing countries to remove trade barriers.
(iii) An example of this is the current debate on trade in agricultural products.
Or
b) Examine the steps taken by the Central and State Governments in India to attract foreign companies to invest in India.
Ans: (i) Special Economic Zones (SEZs) are being set up.
(ii) SEZ are to have world class facilities- electricity/water/roads/transports/ Storage/recreational/educational facilities.
(iii) Companies who set up production units in the SEZs do not have to pay taxes for an initial period.
(iv) Government has also allowed flexibility in the labour laws to attract foreign investment.
(v) Companies are allowed ‘flexibly’ to hire workers for short period.
7.) “Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unite the nation.” Support the statement with three arguments. Ans:
(i) The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.
(ii) Salt was something consumed by the rich and the poor alike.
(iii) It was one of the most essential items of food.
(iv)The tax on salt gave government monopoly over its production.
(v) Mahatma Gandhi declared Salt Law as the most oppressive face of British rule.
(vi) Gandhiji started Salt March with 78 volunteers from Sabarmati to Dandi.
(vii) He urged Indians to peacefully defy the British.
(viii) Students, teachers, lawyers, traders, farmers, workers, and women joined together in the movement.
8.) “Democracy’s ability to generate its own support is itself an outcome that cannot be ignored.” Analyse the statement with examples. Ans:
(i) Democracy is a transparent and legitimate government.
(ii) It ensures that decision-making will be based on norms and procedure.
(iii) Every citizen has the right and means to examine the process of decision[1]making.
(iv) Democratic governments are accountable.
(v) People have the right to choose their rulers.
(vi) Democracy gives its citizens the right to information.
Section—C
( Long Answer-type Questions )
9.a) “Political parties have become omnipresent in democracies all over the world.” Explain the statement with examples.
Ans: (i) Political parties are the essential component of democracy.
(ii) Parties put forward different policies and programmes and the voters choose from them.
(iii) Parties play an important role in making laws for a country.
(iv) Parties form and run governments.
(v) Parties that lose the election play the role of opposition.
(vi) Parties shape the public opinion.
(vii) Parties provide the common man access to government machinery and welfare schemes.
Or
b) “There are various reforms taken to strengthen parties in India so that they perform their function well.” Explain the statement with examples.
Ans: (i) The constitution has been amended to prevent defection by MLAs or MPs.
(ii) Provision within a political party to tackle internal conflicts.
(iii) All the candidates contesting election must file income tax return.
(iv) The supreme court has made it mandatory to file an affidavit by all candidates contesting election regarding the criminal cases pending against them.
(v) File an affidavit as per the order given by the Supreme Court.
(vi) Election commission has passed an order to hold organisational election regularly by the political parties.
10.a) How are the “Self-Help Groups” the building blocks of the rural poor? Explain with examples. Ans: (i) Rural people create Self-Help Groups (SHGs).
(ii) SHGs are small groups of poor people which promote small savings among their members.
(iii) A typical SHG has about 15–20 members.
(iv) It helps borrowers to overcome the problem of lack of collateral.
(v) People can get timely loans for a variety of purposes and at a reasonable interest rate.
(vi) It helps mainly women to become financially self-reliant.
(vii) The regular meetings of the group provide a platform to discuss and act on a variety of social issues such as health, nutrition, domestic violence, etc.
OR
b) How does the credit vary substantially between formal and informal lenders? Explain with examples.
Ans: Formal lenders :
(i) Sources of formal lending are loans from banks and cooperatives.
(ii) The Reserve Bank of India supervises the functioning of formal sources of loans.
(iii)Charge low interest.
(iv)Collateral is must.
(v) Mainly taken by urban people.
Informal lenders :
(i) Sources of informal loans are moneylenders, traders, employers, relatives, friends, etc.
(ii) There is no organisation which supervises the credit activities in the informal sector.
(iii)High rate of interest.
(iv)Sometimes collateral is asked.
(v) Mainly taken by the rural people.
Section—D
( Case-based Questions )
11) Read the case given below carefully and answer the questions that follow
The Sense of Collective Belonging
This sense of collective belonging came partly through the experience of united struggles. But there were also a variety of cultural processes through which nationalism captured people’s imagination. History and fiction, folklore and songs, popular prints and symbols, all played a part in the making of nationalism.
The identity of the nation, as you know, is most often symbolised in a figure or image. This helps create an image with which people can identify the nation. It was in the twentieth century, with the growth of nationalism, that the identity of India came to be visually associated with the image of Bharat Mata. The image was first created by Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay. In the 1870s he wrote ‘Vande Mataram’ as a hymn to the motherland. Later it was included in his novel Anandamath and widely sung during the Swadeshi movement in Bengal. Moved by the Swadeshi movement, Abanindranath Tagore painted his famous image of Bharat Mata. In this painting, Bharat Mata is portrayed as an ascetic figure, she is calm, composed, divine and spiritual. In subsequent years, the image of Bharat Mata acquired many different forms, as it circulated in popular prints, and was painted by different artists. Devotion to this mother figure came to be seen as evidence of one’s nationalism.
11.1) How did the nation become a reality in the minds of people?
Ans: a) There were various cultural processes symbolized in a figure or image. It created an image with which people identified with nation.
11.2) How did nationalism capture people’s imagination?
Ans: a) Through history and fiction b) Through folklore and songs. c) Through popular prints and symbols. d) Through the image of Bharat Mata.
11.3) How did people belonging to different groups develop a sense of collective belonging?
Ans: (i) Bankim Chander Chottopadhyay created the image of Bharat Mata and wrote ‘Vande Mahataram’ and novel ‘Anadamath’.
(ii) Abanindranath Tagore painted image of Bharat Mata as ascetic figure.
(iii) Devotion to Bharat Mata came to be seen as evidence of one’s nationalism.
12.) Read the following source carefully and answer the questions that follow :
NTPC shows the way
NTPC is a major power providing corporation in India. It has ISO certification for EMS (Environment Management System) 14001. The corporation has a proactive approach for preserving the natural environment and resources like water, oil and gas and fuels in places where it is setting up power plants. This has been possible through (a) Optimum utilisation of equipment adopting latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment. (b) Minimising waste generation by maximising ash utilisation. (c) Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance and addressing the question of special purpose vehicles for afforestation. (d) Reducing environmental pollution through ash pond management, ash water recycling system and liquid waste management. (e) Ecological monitoring, reviews and online database management for all its power stations.
12.1) Examine the concept of sustainable development.
Ans: Sustainable development means ‘development’ should take place without damaging the environment and developing in the present should not compromise with the needs of the future generation.
12.2) Analyse the idea behind ISO certification.
Ans: It is a mark of quality and credibility for any company.
12.3) Examine the proactive approach of NTPC for preserving the natural environment and resources.
Ans: (a) Optimum utilisation of equipment adopting latest techniques and upgrading existing equipment.
(b) Minimising waste generation by maximising ash utilisation.
(c) Providing green belts for nurturing ecological balance and addressing the question of special purpose vehicles for afforestation.
(d) Reducing environmental pollution through ash pond management, ash water recycling system and liquid waste management.
(e) Ecological monitoring, reviews.
Section—E
( Map Skill-based Question )
13.1) On the given outline political map of India, identify the place marked as A with the help of the following information and write its correct name on the line marked near it :
(A) The place where Jallianwala Bagh Massacre took place .
13.2 On the same given map of India, locate the following:
(i) Singrauli Thermal Plant
Or
Mumbai Software Technology Park
(ii) Kolkata (Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose) International Airport
Ans: