Selina Concise Class 10 Biology Chapter 15 Population : The Increasing numbers And Rising Problems Solutions
Chapter 15
Population : The Increasing numbers And Rising Problems
Progress Check
(1) Answer:- Tool making revolution, agriculture revolution , scientific industrial revolution, these are three great cultural revolutions which steep rise in population.
(2) Answer:- antibiotics and vaccination are area of medical science which have indirectly contributed to high growth in human population
(3) Answer:-
Progress Check
(1) Answer:-
(i) Better healthcare
(ii) Fewer death
(iii) Food shortages minimize
(iv) improved infant deaths
(v) Fewer infant deaths
(vi) Large – scale immunization
(2)
Answer:-
(a) The population in India is 238 (in million) at the beginning
(b) Population in India is 1027 (in million) at the end of twentieth century.
Progress check
(1) Mention whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F).
(i) Answer:- True
(ii) Answer: false
(iii) Answer:- false
(2) Fill up the blanks by choosing the right option.
(i) Public conveyances like buses and railways are necessities. (necessities/ luxuries).
(ii) Many sets of garments per member in a family is fashion. (a necessity /fashion).
(iii) Petroleum is a resource of the same category as that of ground water (copper/ ground water).
Progress Check
(1) Give the technical terms for the following:
(i) Answer:- statistical study of human population – demography
(ii) Answer:- Death – rate or mortality
(iii) Answer:- population density
iv) Answer:- Growth- rate of population.
(2) List any three consequences of high population density
Answer:- (a) Natural resources- like decrease the land mineral, wood fuel etc.
(b) Decrease in per capita income
(c) General health and overall quality of life will go down.
Progress Check
(1) Answer:- (a) Malnutrition :- all the family members, specially children are unable to get enough food which leads to malnutrition and deficiency disease.
(b) Economic pressure:- large number of family members put a great pressure on the parents which affect their quality of life .
(c) Mother’s poor health:- Due to frequent pregnancies the mother may suffer from ill health.
(d) Insufficient education facilities:- Due to large number of children proper education facilities may not be available.
(e) Poor housing:- large families cannot offered good clean and well – ventilated house . In India, most of the families with family members including parents and grand parents together
(2) Answer:- The age restriction for marriage for boys is 21 years and 18 years for girls.
(3) Answer:- (a) family planning in terms of having a small family.
(b) Proper care of children like immunisation and oral rehydration therapy to ensure the survival of kids.
(c) Total welfare of the small including the diet of the child and the pregnant mothers.
Progress check
(1) Solution:-
(i)
Answer:- false
Some hormonal preparation prevent the release of the egg from the ovary.
(ii) Answer:- True
(iii) Answer:- false
IUDs prevent fertilization of the egg.
(iv) Answer:- True
(2)
Answer:-
MTP :- Medical termination of pregnancy.
if the women becomes Pregnant and the couple does not want, to genuine reasons or if there is definite evidence of any serious genetic disease in the embryo based on a special test, then the foetus can be removed by the trained doctor at a hospital.
Review Questions
(A) MULTIPLE CHOICE TYPE
(Select the most appropriate option in each case)
(1) Answer:- (d) Use of antibiotics and prophylactics vaccinations.
Antibiotics was discovered in 20th century and vaccine testing method also introduce. This vaccine and drugs increasing the life of people and so, more number of life saving lead to rise population.
(2) Answer:- (a) per 1000 people per year
Because, in India birth rate is always high than death rate, so birth rate is number of birth per 1000 people per year.
(B) VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE
(1)
Answer:- Demography is the technical for the statistical study of human population of a region.
(2)
Answer:-
for male vasectomy
For female Tubectomy
(C) SHORT ANSWER TYPE
(1) Mention whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
(a) Answer:- True
(b) Answer:- false
Reason:- the process sterilization that females fallopian tubes are separate that prevents the egg from reaching the uterus for implantation.
(c) Answer:- false
Reason:- because dog was the first domesticated animals.
(d) Answer:- True
(e) Answer:- False
Reason:- present human population growth is not following arithmetic progression.
(f) Answer:- false
Reason:- Birth rate (natality) is the number of live births per 1000 people of population per decade.
(g) Answer:- False
Reason:- vasectomy is a popular surgical method of contraception in human males.
(2) Answer:-
(i) Best the quality of life for children…..> The child gets better resources such as good school and food. Small family is also called nuclear family. It is not something like the children in the joint family resource are divided.
(ii) n good economic growth of the family…..> small family resources are not divided as in a joint family. The best life in small family that is parents with one or two children are happiest they can survive within the least amount of income.
(3) Answer:- (i) Agriculture revolution
(ii) Scientific industrial revolution
(iii) Toot making revolution.
This three are major landmarks in human history which contributed to the sudden rise in population of the world.
(4) Answer:- Family welfare centres are nothing but location where anyone can get advice about family planning. In hospitals, any pharmacy which are some places where get help about family plan.
In our country “India” inverts red triangle is the symbol of family welfare.
(5) Answer:- sterilization in means preventing the flow of sperms into the seminal vesicles by cutting and ligating the vas deferens. Yes, there could be a corresponding operation made in women. In female, Tubectomy is surgical procedure and it also know as tubal sterilization. Tubectomy is surgical process that used to ensure that the fallopian tubes are sealed or blocked, by which controlling the egg released by the ovary from reaching the uterus.
(6) Answer:- The present rate of growth of population of India is 1.13% and of world is around 1.05%.
(7) Answer:- The age restriction for marriage by law for boys is 21 and girls in India is 18.
(7) Answer:- (i) Illiteracy and unawareness …> 61%female and 36% males are illiterate in India. They being unware about cause a rise in the population.
(ii) Birth rate and death rate…> In “India”, birth rate is high than death rate in our country , marriage age is low due to this, population explosion is more . In case of death rate, it become low due to good food ,pure drinking water, many facilities like hospitals, medicals and therefore diseases like cholera, pneumonia are controlled. Due to this, child date rate has decreased. This is also big reason of rise in population.
(9) Answer:- Poverty is the lack of basic capacity resources to provide the necessities of life . Poverty affected the population growth and population growth cause to poverty . Poverty has its own effect on rising population due to illiteracy and traditional beliefs in economically weak. They are unaware about education and low the death rate comparison to birth rate. Birth rate increase rapidly due to lack of control on delivery and unawareness of people in birth rate.
(10) Answer:-
Census years | Population | Percent changes between censuses |
1991 | 846,421,039 | 23.9 |
2001 | 1,028,737,436 | 21.5 |
2011 | 1,210,193,422 | 17.6 |
(D) DESCRIPTIVE TYPE
(1)
(a) Answer:- Population is the number or group of individuals of a common feature that live in given place .
(b) Answer:- population density is nothing but the number of individuals live in each unit of geography.
(c) Answer:- demography is also called science of people. It is the statical and mathematical study of population changes like in size, distribution and density also.
(d) Answer:- Resources is defined as “different materials available in environmental which help to satisfy human requirement for their well-being is called as resources.
(e) Answer:- It is defined as the rate at which number of organism in a population increasing with given time, is known as the growth rate of population.
(2)
(a) Answer:-
Exhaustible | inexhaustible |
The exhaustible resources are those which are present in limited quantity. | The inexhaustible resources are those which are present in unlimited quantity. |
Ex – coal, petroleum | Ex – Air, water |
(b) Answer:-
Conventional sources of energy | Non- conventional sources of energy |
Conventional sources of energy are non- renewable | Non – conventional sources of energy are renewable |
Ex – natural Gas , petroleum | Ex – solar Energy |
(c) Answer:-
Natality | Mortality |
Natality is the number of persons or individuals produced or born per unit time per unit of population. | Mortality is the number of death of individual from the present population. |
It leads to increase in present population | It leads to decrease in the present population |
(d) Answer:-
Tubectomy | Vasectomy |
Tubectomy is the process which is done on the females | Vasectomy is the process which is done on the males. |
In this process the fallopian tubes are separated and tied together. | In this process, vasadeferance of males separated and tied together. |
It control the egg from meeting the sperms | It control the sperm from coming out. |
(e) Answer:-
Deforestation |
afforestation |
The destroying of the trees for the personal benefits of human beings is deforestation. | It is the planting of trees for benefits of human beings. |
It is extremely harmful for entire environment. | It is very important for life to be present on the earth. |
It increases the carbon dioxide | It increases oxygen. |
(3) Answer:- The three Rs is the reduce, Reuse and Recycle. This three are waste management hierarchy.
(i)Reduce ……> It is important strategy in 3Rs in which the amount of waste produced. It’s also important to know about the where the waste coming from
(ii) Reuse …> This is second strategy of 3Rs, in which materials are used again. In reusing process, two ways apply to waste reducing by to buy an item secondhand otherwise buying new item, it can be are respeatealy .
(iii) Recycle …> It’s third one strategy, in this method, waste material convert into new material. Glass, paper, metal, plastics, electronic also included in recyclable materials. Materials to be recycled by picked up from curbside, cleaned and reprocessed into new material manufactures. Recycling is the key component of waste reduction.
(4) Answer:- In case of rising population, so many resources are increased.
(i) As population increases, agriculture and forest destroying, are also increases by human activities, by they destroy the forest land and build up new building, industries.
(ii) With increasing population, unemployment is mostly found due to limited land for factories and land under cultivation.
(iii)In case of rising population, food would be running short because growing population is increasing use of more and more agricultural land to build houses.
(5) Answer:- knowledge or awareness of reproduction is important to overcome the overpopulation. To keep limited size of family, there should be known about physiology of reproduction.
(i) People should educated, that their selfishness for son can affect their family to declline by health and wealth. They should be understand or focus to upbring of child, may be daughter or son.
(ii) Family planing method should be followed by married couples mostly, married couples not prevent pregnancy after two children. They should educated to proper upbringing and to stop third.
(6) Answer:- population explosion is the rapid increase in numbers of human population in world In “India”, population explosion is expletives. Some of causes of population explosion is poverty. In absence of educational resources. Birth rate is high than death rate. In India, population rapidly increase, and this effect to unemployment , are and water pollution and shorten in food and health and educational resources.
(E) STRUCTURED /APPLICATION/ SKILL TYPE
(1) Solution:-
Country 1971 1981 1991
A 6.4 9.6 10.6
B 15.7 15.7 15.3
Fill in the blanks:
(a) Rate of growth of population of country B has declined between years 1981 and 1991.
(b) The country B shows negative population increase between years 1981 and 1991.
(c) The country B shows zero population increase between years 1971 and 1981.
(2) Observe the diagram (A) and (B) given below and answer the following questions.
(a) Answer:-
(1) sperm duct /vas deferens
(2) Testis/ Seminiferous tubule
(3) Oviduct /fallopian tube
(4) Uterus
(5) Ovary
(b) Answer:- The figure A is vasectomy.
(c) Answer:- The figure B is Tubectomy
(d) Answer:- cut part of vas deferens is P also the cut part of oviduct is Q . The cut mini piece of oviduct in female and vas deferens in males and suddenly last portions are the part of the contraception process of Tubectomy and vasectomy respectively
(e) Answer:- part 2 (testes ):-
The function of the testes is they produce the sperm.
Part 4 (uterus):- The function of uterus in female reproductive organ which accept the fertilized egg and support its development during pregnancy.
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