PSEB Class 10 English Grammar Lesson 3 Simple Complex and Compound Sentences all Question and Answers Solution
PSEB Class 10 English Grammar Lesson 3 Simple Complex and Compound Sentences Solution: Punjab Board (PSEB) 10th Class Lesson 3 all questions of grammar answers are in this page.
Exercise 1
Analyse the following sentences, selecting the Principal Clause and the Noun Clause. Also, state the function of the Noun Clause.
Set A
1.) That Mohan was a doctor was not known to me.
Answer: PC – was not known to me.
NC – That Mohan was a doctor
Function – Subject of the verb ‘was not known’
2.) Where the boys will stay is not yet known.
Answer: PC – (It)is not yet known.
NC – Where the boys will stay
Function – Subject of the verb ‘is not known’
3.) That Mohan will stand first is certain.
Answer: PC-is certain.
NC – That Mohan will stand first
Function – Subject of the verb – is
4.) What cannot be cured must be endured.
Answer: PC – must be endured.
NC – What cannot be cured
Function -Subject of the verb ‘must be endured’
5.) Why the thief did not take away the gold is a mystery.
Answer: PC –(It)is a mystery.
NC – Why the thief did not take away the gold
Function -Subject of the verb ‘is’
Set B
1.) Ask Asha if Papa has come.
Answer:PC –Ask Asha
NC – if Papa has come.
Function – Object of the verb ‘ask’
2.) Can you tell me why Mohan is absent today?
Answer: PC – Can you tell me
NC – why Mohan is absent today?
Function – Object of the verb ‘tell’
3.) I know that she loves music.
Answer: PC – I know
NC – that she loves music.
Function – Object to the verb ‘know’
4.) Tell me why you hate me.
Answer: PC – Tell me
NC – why you hate me.
Function – Object to the verb ‘tell’
5.) I had never thought that your brother was so lazy.
Answer: PC – I had never thought
NC – that your brother was so lazy.
Function – Object to the verb ‘thought’
Set C
1.) My fear was that Mohan would reach late.
Answer: PC –My fear was
NC – that Mohan would reach late.
Function – Complement of the verb ‘was’
2.) Life is what you make it.
Answer: PC – Life is
NC – what you make it.
Function – Complement of the verb ‘is’
3.) It seems that it will rain soon.
Answer: PC – It seems
NC – that it will rain soon.
Function – Complement of the verb ‘seems’
4.) Things are not Things are not
Answer: PC – Things are not
NC – Things are not
Function – Complement of the verb ‘are’
5.) My firm belief is that Harpreet will stand first.
Answer: PC – My firm belief is
NC – that Harpreet will stand first.
Function – Complement of the verb ‘is’
Set D
1.) Aren’t you ashamed of what you have done?
Answer: PC – Aren’t you ashamed of
NC- what you have done
Function – Object of the preposition ‘of’
2.) She must listen to what her teacher says.
Answer: PC – She must listen to
NC- what her teacher says.
Function – Object of the preposition ‘to’
3.) She agrees to whatever Mohan says.
Answer: PC – She agrees to
NC- whatever Mohan says.
Function – Object of the preposition ‘to’
4.) There is no truth in what is stated by Asha.
Answer: PC – There is no truth in
NC- what is stated by Asha.
Function – Object of the preposition ‘in’
5.) Your success depends on how hard you work.
Answer: PC – Your success depends on
NC- how hard you work.
Function – Object of the preposition ‘on’
Set E
1.) The statement that all students will get two rasgullas every day is not true.
Answer: PC – The statement
NC – that all students will get two rasgullas every day
Function – Apposition to noun ‘statement’
2.) The news that Sania Mirza has won is correct.
Answer: PC – The news is correct.
NC – that Sania Mirza has won
Function – Apposition to noun ‘news’
3.) The story that Ram Nath kidnapped his own nephew has been confirmed.
Answer: PC – The story has been confirmed.
NC – that Ram Nath kidnapped his own nephew
Function – Apposition to noun ‘story’
4.) It is true that boys are generally taller than girls.
Answer: PC – It is true
NC – that boys are generally taller than girls.
Function – Apposition to pronoun ’it’
5.) The fact that Harbhajan is a cricketer is known to all.
Answer: PC – The fact is known to all.
NC – that Harbhajan is a cricketer
Function – Apposition to noun ‘fact’
Set F
1.) Finding that the situation was getting worse, the police opened fire.
Answer: PC – the police opened fire. Finding
NC – that the situation was getting worse
Function – Object of the participle ‘finding’
2.) I went to the manager finding that I had been cheated by the company.
Answer: PC – I went to the manager finding
NC – that I had been cheated by the company.
Function – Object of the participle ‘finding’
3.) Thinking that he was a stranger to the city, I helped him.
Answer: PC – I helped him. thinking
NC – that he was a stranger to the city,
Function – Object of the participle ‘thinking’
4.) Mohan left the meeting saying that he could not compromise with his principles.
Answer: PC – Mohan left the meeting saying
NC – hat he could not compromise with his principles.
Function – Object of the participle ‘saying’
5.) We attacked the robber knowing that he was desperate to do anything.
Answer: PC – We attacked the robber knowing
NC – that he was desperate to do anything.
Function – Object of the participle ‘knowing’
Set G
1.) I want to confirm if he has a hand in it.
Answer: PC – I want to confirm
NC – if he has a hand in it.
Function – Object of the infinitive ‘to confirm’
2.) We asked him to explain what he had done.
Answer: PC – We asked him to explain
NC – what he had done.
Function – Object of the infinitive ‘to explain’
3.) She wants to know how the quarrel started.
Answer: PC – She wants to know
NC – how the quarrel started.
Function – Object of the infinitive ‘to know’
4.) I want to know for certain if you helped the thief.
Answer: PC – I want to know for certain
NC – if you helped the thief.
Function – Object of the infinitive ‘to know’
5.) I want to know why he stole the money.
Answer: PC – I want to know
NC – why he stole the money.
Function – Object of the infinitive ‘to know’
Adjective Clause
Exercise 2
Pick out the Adjective Clauses from the following sentences and state the function of each:
1.) She is the girl who helped me.
Answer: AC – who helped me.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘girl’
2.) He killed the snake that bit his wife.
Answer: AC – that bit his wife.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘snake’
3.) The habits that are formed in early age are difficult to break.
Answer: AC – that are formed in early age
Function – qualifying the noun ‘habits’
4.) The furniture he gave us was worth nothing.
Answer: AC – he gave us
Function – qualifying the noun ‘furniture’
5.) He who helps others is sure to be helped by God.
Answer: AC – who helps others
Function – qualifying the pronoun ‘he’
6.) Such students as work hard are liked by all.
Answer: AC – as work hard
Function – qualifying the noun ‘students’
7.) He who has no money has no friends.
Answer: AC – who has no money
Function – qualifying the pronoun ‘he’
8.) This is the doctor who treated me.
Answer: AC – who treated me.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘doctor’
9.) This is the reason why she refused to marry Mohan.
Answer: AC – why she refused to marry Mohan.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘reason’
10.) There was not a single worker who did not go on strike.
Answer: AC – who did not go on strike.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘worker’
11.) I gave him such advice as was very useful.
Answer: AC – as was very useful.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘advice’
12.) Time once lost is lost forever.
Answer: AC – once lost
Function – qualifying the noun ‘time’
13.) This is the school that the President visited.
Answer: AC – that the President visited.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘school’
14.) I remember the village where I was born.
Answer: AC – where I was born.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘village’
15.) He is the man who displayed those magic tricks.
Answer: AC – who displayed those magic tricks.
Function – qualifying the noun ‘man’
Adverb Clause
Exercise 3
Pick out the Principal Clause and the Adverb Clause from each of the following sentences and state the function of each Adverb Clause.
Set A
1.) Look before you leap.
Answer: PC – Look
AC – before you leap.
Function – Adverb clause showing time
2.) No sooner did the train stop than the boys jumped out.
Answer: PC – the boys jumped out.
AC – No sooner did the train stop than
Function – Adverb clause showing time
3.) Strike the iron while it is hot.
Answer: PC – Strike the iron
AC – while it is hot.
Function – Adverb clause showing time
4.) The plane had landed before I reached the airport.
Answer: PC – The plane had landed
AC – before I reached the airport.
Function – Adverb clause showing time
5.) As long as you work hard, we will not throw you out.
Answer: PC – we will not throw you out.
AC – As long as you work hard
Function – Adverb clause showing time
Set B
1.) The boat sailed where the wind took it.
Answer: PC – The boat sailed
AC – where the wind took it.
Function – Adverb clause showing place
2.) Send the scooter where it came from.
Answer: PC – Send the scooter
AC – where it came from.
Function – Adverb clause showing place
3.) I’ll go with you wherever you go.
Answer: PC – I’ll go with you
AC – wherever you go.
Function – Adverb clause showing place
4.) He gets into trouble wherever he goes.
Answer: PC – He gets into trouble
AC – wherever he goes.
Function – Adverb clause showing place
5.) Buy this book wherever you find it.
Answer: PC – Buy this book
AC – wherever you find it.
Function – Adverb clause showing place
Set C
1.) Since you are late, I cannot let you in.
Answer: PC – I cannot let you in.
AC – Since you are late
Function- Adverb clause showing reason
2.) You will pass the examination because you are working hard.
Answer: PC – You will pass the examination
AC – because you are working hard.
Function- Adverb clause showing reason
- I respect her because she is kind to me.
Answer: PC – I respect her
AC – because she is kind to me.
Function- Adverb clause showing reason
4.) I am glad that you have acted honestly.
Answer: PC – I am glad
AC – that you have acted honestly.
Function- Adverb clause showing reason
5.) He is afraid that he may be punished.
Answer: PC – He is afraid
AC – that he may be punished.
Function- Adverb clause showing reason
Set D
1.) I’ll help her provided she works hard.
Answer: PC – I’ll help her
AC – provided she works hard.
Function – Adverb clause showing condition
2.) If Mohan comes late, the teacher will punish him.
Answer: PC – the teacher will punish him.
AC – If Mohan comes late
Function – Adverb clause showing condition
3.) He won’t get the book unless he comes to me.
Answer: PC – He won’t get the book
AC – unless he comes to me.
Function – Adverb clause showing condition
4.) If it rains, we shall stay indoors.
Answer: PC – we shall stay indoors.
AC – If it rains
Function – Adverb clause showing condition
5.) If the bus is late, we will take a taxi.
Answer: PC – we will take a taxi.
AC – If the bus is late
Function – Adverb clause showing condition
Set E
1.) Mohan is as active as he is hard-working.
Answer: PC – Mohan is as active
AC – as he is hard-working.
Function – Adverb clause showing extent
2.) As you sow, so shall you reap.
Answer: PC – so shall you reap.
AC – As you sow
Function – Adverb clause showing manner
3.) Dress as you like.
Answer: PC – Dress
AC – as you like.
Function – Adverb clause showing manner
4.) I know French better than you do.
Answer: PC – I know French
AC – better than you do.
Function – Adverb clause showing manner
5.) He behaves as if he was mad.
Answer: PC – He behaves
AC – as if he was mad.
Function – Adverb clause showing manner
Set F
1.) No matter how hard up she is, she cannot be mean.
Answer: PC – she cannot be mean.
AC – No matter how hard up she is
Function – Adverb clause showing contrast
2.) We shall go ahead with this business even if we suffer a great loss.
Answer: PC – We shall go ahead with this business
AC – even if we suffer a great loss.
Function – Adverb clause showing contrast
3.) Although he tried hard, he did not succeed.
Answer: PC – he did not succeed.
AC – Although he tried hard
Function – Adverb clause showing contrast
4.) You cannot pass however hard you may try.
Answer: PC – You cannot pass
AC – however hard you may try.
Function – Adverb clause showing contrast
5.) Papa did not agree though I requested him time and again.
Answer: PC – Papa did not agree
AC – though I requested him time and again.
Function – Adverb clause showing contrast
Compound Sentence
Exercise 4
Combine the following sets of simple sentences using the conjunctions given in the brackets.
1.) Ram is very rich. He is miser. (Use although)
Answer: Although Ram is very rich, he is miser.
2.) It rains. We shall stay indoors. (Use if)
Answer: If it rains, we shall stay indoors.
3.) He broke three windows. He did not get punishment. (Use but)
Answer: He broke three windows but he did not get punishment.
4.) Mohan came late. Ram came late. (Use and)
Answer: Mohan came late and Ram came late.
5.) He is the boy. He broke the window. (Use who)
Answer: He is the boy who broke the window.
6.) The box is too heavy. No one can lift it. (Use too….to)
Answer: The box is too heavy to lift it.
7.) The sum is very difficult. We cannot solve it. (Use so….that)
Answer: The sum is so difficult that we cannot solve it.
8.) This is the house. Ramesh built it. (Use that)
Answer: This is the house that Ramesh built it.
9.) He left the job. Tell me the reason. (Use why)
Answer: Tell me why he left the job.
10.) A grammarian is a person. He makes simple things difficult. (Use who)
Answer: A grammarian is a person who makes simple things difficult.
11.) The beggar sits there. The two roads meet there. (Use where)
Answer: The beggar sits there where the two roads meet.
12.) She is good. She is beautiful. (Use as….as)
Answer: She is as good as she is beautiful .
Exercise 5
Without changing the meaning, transform the following sentences as per instruction given in the brackets in each other.
1.) I shall not help you if you do not work hard. (Use unless)
Answer: Unless you work hard, I shall not help you.
2.) No sooner did it stop raining than we went for a walk. (Use as soon as )
Answer: As soon as it stopped raining, we went for a walk.
3.) Mohan behaves like the director. (Use as if….was)
Answer: Mohan behaves as if he was the director.
4.) You say something. I agree to it. (Use what)
Answer: I agree to what you say.
5.) He found the door open and stepped inside. (Use finding)
Answer: Finding the door open, he stepped inside.
6.) The magistrate saw the situation getting worse and ordered the police to open fire. (Use seeing)
Answer: Seeing the situation getting worse, the magistrate ordered the police to open fire.
7.) I like those boys who are obedient. (Use such…as)
Answer: Such boys as obedient are liked by me.
8.) Boys are generally taller than girls. (use not as tall as)
Answer: Not all girls are as tall as boys are.
9.) He wrote this essay at the age of ten. (Use when)
Answer: He wrote this easy when he was ten.
10.) Walk fast lest you should miss the train. (Use if you do not)
Answer: If you do not walk fast, you will miss the train.
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