Pollution – A Rising Environmental Problem assertion reason questions for Class 10 ICSE
1.) Assertion (A): Acid rain is a result of pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with atmospheric moisture.
Reason (R): Acid rain can have detrimental effects on soil, water bodies, and vegetation.
– (a) A is False and R is True
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is True and R is False
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) Both A and R are True
2.) Assertion (A): Noise pollution can lead to stress, sleep disturbances, and other health problems in humans.
Reason (R): Wildlife is generally unaffected by noise pollution, as they adapt to human-made sounds.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (d) Both A and R are False
3.) Assertion (A): The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a massive collection of marine debris, primarily consisting of plastic.
Reason (R): Ocean currents concentrate plastic and other debris in certain areas, forming garbage patches.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
4.) Assertion (A): Indoor air pollution can be caused by factors such as cooking with solid fuels and inadequate ventilation.
Reason (R): Exposure to indoor air pollutants can lead to respiratory diseases.
– (a) A is False and R is True
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is True and R is False
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is True and R is False
5.) Assertion (A): The “ozone hole” is a localized thinning of the ozone layer over Antarctica.
Reason (R): Ozone layer depletion allows more harmful UV radiation to reach the Earth’s surface.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
- )Assertion (A): Light pollution refers to excessive, misdirected, or obtrusive artificial light.
Reason (R): Light pollution can disrupt ecosystems, affect wildlife behavior, and impact human health.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) A is True and R is False
7.) Assertion (A): Sustainable development goals include targets related to population and reproductive health.
Reason (R): Ensuring access to family planning services is considered essential for achieving sustainable development.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) A is False and R is True
8.) Assertion (A): Climate change can have indirect effects on population dynamics through its impact on resources and migration patterns.
Reason (R): Changes in climate can influence food security and trigger population movements.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (d) Both A and R are False
9.) Assertion (A): Population growth is influenced by both birth rates and death rates.
Reason (R): The difference between birth rates and death rates determines the rate of population growth.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is False and R is True
– (c) A is True and R is False
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) A is False and R is True
10.) Assertion (A): Overpopulation can lead to resource depletion and environmental degradation.
Reason (R): Sustainable development involves balancing population growth with the availability of resources.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) A is False and R is True
– (c) Both A and R are True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) Both A and R are True
11.) Assertion (A): Deforestation contributes to climate change by reducing the number of trees that absorb carbon dioxide.
Reason (R): Forests act as carbon sinks, helping regulate the Earth’s climate.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) Both A and R are True
12.) Assertion (A): Marine pollution includes the release of oil spills, plastic debris, and harmful chemicals into the ocean.
Reason (R): Marine ecosystems are resilient to human-induced pollution, and their health remains unaffected.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
13.) Assertion (A): The Montreal Protocol aims to phase out the production and consumption of substances that deplete the ozone layer.
Reason (R): Ozone layer depletion is not a significant environmental concern.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
14.) Assertion (A): Biodiversity loss is mainly caused by natural processes and has minimal human impact.
Reason (R): Human activities, such as habitat destruction and pollution, significantly contribute to biodiversity loss.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
15.) Assertion (A): Pesticide use in agriculture can have unintended consequences, harming non-target species and ecosystems.
Reason (R): Pesticides are specifically designed to target only the pests, ensuring no harm to other organisms.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) A is True and R is False
16.) Assertion (A): The concept of “greenwashing” refers to companies exaggerating their commitment to environmental sustainability.
Reason (R): Greenwashing can mislead consumers who seek environmentally friendly products and practices.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
17.) Assertion (A): Electronic waste (e-waste) poses environmental and health risks due to the improper disposal of electronic devices.
Reason (R): E-waste contains hazardous substances that can leach into the soil and water.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
18.) Assertion (A): Urbanization can contribute to the urban heat island effect, leading to higher temperatures in cities compared to rural areas.
Reason (R): Increased green spaces in urban areas counteract the urban heat island effect.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) Both A and R are True
19.) Assertion (A): Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, have no environmental impact.
Reason (R): The extraction and production of renewable energy technologies do not involve any environmental consequences.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
20.) Assertion (A): The concept of “sustainable development” seeks to meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Reason (R): Achieving sustainable development requires a balance between economic, social, and environmental considerations.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
21.) Assertion (A): Desertification is primarily caused by excessive rainfall and soil erosion.
Reason (R): Planting native vegetation can help prevent desertification.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
22.) Assertion (A): The concept of “carbon offsetting” involves reducing carbon emissions in one area to compensate for emissions elsewhere.
Reason (R): Carbon offsetting has no role in mitigating climate change.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
23.) Assertion (A): The Green Revolution led to increased agricultural productivity through the use of advanced technologies and high-yield crops.
Reason (R): The Green Revolution had no impact on global food production.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) A is True and R is False
24.) Assertion (A): Marine protected areas (MPAs) are established to conserve and protect marine ecosystems and biodiversity.
Reason (R): MPAs have no effect on the health and resilience of marine ecosystems.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
25.) Assertion (A): The concept of “sustainable development” emphasizes meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
Reason (R): Sustainable development focuses solely on economic growth.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
26.) Assertion (A): The Paris Agreement aims to limit global temperature increases and mitigate the impacts of climate change.
Reason (R): All countries worldwide have agreed to the same specific emissions reduction targets under the Paris Agreement.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
27.) Assertion (A): Sustainable transportation involves the use of fossil fuels and high-emission vehicles.
Reason (R): Sustainable transportation has no impact on reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) A is True and R is False
28.) Assertion (A): Agroforestry integrates trees and shrubs into agricultural landscapes to improve sustainability.
Reason (R): Agroforestry practices have no positive effects on soil fertility and water conservation.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
29.) Assertion (A): The concept of “resilience” in ecosystems refers to their ability to adapt and recover from disturbances.
Reason (R): Ecosystems with high biodiversity are less resilient to environmental changes.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) Both A and R are True
30.) Assertion (A): Renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, have no environmental impact.
Reason (R): The extraction and production of renewable energy technologies do not involve any environmental consequences.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
31.) Assertion (A): Ozone layer depletion is primarily caused by emissions of greenhouse gases.
Reason (R): Ozone layer depletion leads to an increase in global temperatures.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (c) A is False and R is True
32.) Assertion (A): The concept of “carbon offsetting” involves reducing carbon emissions in one area to compensate for emissions elsewhere.
Reason (R): Carbon offsetting has no role in mitigating climate change.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
33.) Assertion (A): Environmental conservation involves the sustainable management and protection of natural resources.
Reason (R): Conservation efforts have no impact on biodiversity and ecosystem health.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (b) A is True and R is False
34.) Assertion (A): The concept of “biodiversity hotspots” identifies regions with high species richness and high levels of threat.
Reason (R): Protecting biodiversity hotspots is considered crucial for global biodiversity conservation.
– (a) Both A and R are True
– (b) A is True and R is False
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) Both A and R are True
35.) Assertion (A): Environmental impact assessments (EIAs) are conducted to evaluate the potential environmental effects of proposed projects.
Reason (R): EIAs are not a common practice in responsible and sustainable project planning.
– (a) A is True and R is False
– (b) Both A and R are True
– (c) A is False and R is True
– (d) Both A and R are False
– Answer: (a) A is True and R is False