Industrialisation demands lots of energy per day. Industrialization has greatly increase the need of energy but conventional energy sources does not able to fulfil this requirement. Stocks of Conventional energy sources are limited in nature. It takes thousands of year for creation.Also it produces pollutants in atmosphere which are harmful for living beings. Therefore we cannot extend the use of conventional energy sources.So we have to find out the alternate for conventional energy sources. They will beunlimited in nature. Also they will not produce any pollution. That alternatives are non- conventional energy sources.
Definition:
The energy sources are being produced continuously by nature without any pollution is called nonconventional energy sources.
Types of non conventional energy sources.
- Wind energy
- Bio energy
- Solar energy
- Tidal energy
- Geothermal energy
Non conventional energy sources are continuously produced by nature. We have not to pay any cost for their use . But only thing is that we can not use this energy directly from the source. We need some techniques which converts this energy into usable form. Sun continuously emit energy in the form of radiations but only 1% of this energy is used. Rest of the energy of sun iswasted. Also there are so many other energy sources which continuously produce. Such energy sources has some properties.
- These energy sources arerenewable.
- It does not produce any pollution.
- We do not pay for this energy sources.
- Stocks of non conventional energy sources are unlimited.
- It does not require any fuel therefore we havenot to worry about limited stock of fuels.
- These energy sources are eco-friendly.
Do you familiar with the word Gobar-Gas? Gobar gas or bio gas converts animal and kitchen waste into gas. In many villages this technique is used from few decade.
Bio Gas:
LPG gas is widely used in domestic purpose as a fuel. Stocks of petroleum gas are limited in nature so we should find out alternate way for this. As we know that decomposition of human body, plants, and their waste produces nitrogen, this nitrogen is a type of good fuel. Kitchen waste, cow dung, plant and animal wasteis considered as Bio-mass. When this Bio mass decomposes in absence of oxygen then it will produces energy in the form of gas. Let’s try to understand construction and working of biogas.
Construction:
Make a dome like structure from bricks. Seal the digester in such a way that there is no oxygen.Connect the pipes to get the gas out. The constructionof bio gas plant is as
Working of non conventional energy sources:
Make a slurry from cow dung, kitchen waste and water. Fill that slurry in digester tank through opening. Anaerobic microorganism decomposes this waste in absence of oxygen. After few days slurry will converted into gas of carbon dioxide, hydrogen,hydrogen sulphide, methane, nitrogen etc.The bio gas plant also produces organic fertilizer and manure as a by products.
Advantages of non conventional energy sources:
- Cow dung, kitchen waste are used in Bio gas plant as a fuel.
- The Bio gas plant is economically cheap.
- Bio gas plant produces fertilizers and manures which helpsto increase outturnof farming.
- It burns without producing smoke so biogas is pollution free.
Disadvantages of non conventional energy sources:
- Bio gas plant requires enough space.
- Cow dung and animal waste does not available at everywhere.
- This plant is not convenient for cities.
Answer the following questions:
- How does conventional energy sources and non conventional energy sources differ?
- Why do we prefer non conventional energy sources?
- State any four examples of nonconventional energy sources.
- Explain construction and working of Bio gas.
- Define non conventional energy sources.