NCERT Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Extra Questions and Answers
Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Extra Inside Questions and Answers – Sources of Energy. Here in this Page Class X Students can Learn Extra Questions & Answer 14th Chapter Science fully Inside.
We Provided Here Sources of Energy Science Chapter 14 Long Answer Type Question, Multiple Choice Questions & Answer, Short Answer Type Questions (2 or 3 marks), and Very Short answer Type Question (1 marks) Solution.
Class 10 Science Chapter 14 Extra Question with Answer – Sources of Energy
Science Chapter 14 Sources of Energy Class 10 Inside 5 Marks, 3 marks, 2 Marks & And 1 Marks Important Questions and Answers.
1.) Fill in the blanks:
1.) The fossil fuels are ____ sources of energy.
Ans:
The fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy.
2.) The _______ gas is responsible for greenhouse effect.
Ans:
The carbon dioxide gas is responsible for greenhouse effect.
3.) In thermal power plants fuel is burnt to produce ____ energy which is converted into ________.
Ans:
In thermal power plants fuel is burnt to produce heat energy which is converted into electrical energy.
4.) Hydro power plants convert the ________ energy of falling water into _______.
Ans:
Hydro power plants convert the potential energy of falling water into electricity.
5.) Biogas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to _______.
Ans:
Biogas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to 75% methane.
6.) Sun is the ______ source of energy.
Ans:
Sun is the inexhaustible source of energy.
7.) In solar cooker _____ mirrors are used to focus the sunlight to create large heat.
Ans:
In solar cooker concave mirrors are used to focus sunlight to create large heat.
2.) Multiple Choice questions:
1.) The good source of energy would be one
a) which would do a large amount of work per unit volume or mass
b) be easily accessible
c) be economical
d) all of the above
Ans: d) all of the above
Explanation: Because, the good source of energy would be one which would do large amount of work per unit volume or mass, be easily accessible, be easy to store and transport and be economical.
2.) Fossil fuels are
a) non-renewable sources of energy
b) exhaustible sources of energy
c) inexhaustible sources of energy
d) a and b
Ans: d) a and b
Explanation: Because, fossil fuels are non-renewable and Exhaustible energy sources as there continuous and rapid use may exhaust them.
3.) Bio gas is an excellent fuel as it contains
a) 75% of oxygen
b) 75% of hydrogen
c) 75% of methane
d) 75% of ethane
Ans: c) 75% of methane
Explanation: Because, bio gas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to 75% methane.
4.) The largest wind energy farm has been established near ______ in Tamil Nadu which generates 380 MW of electricity.
a) Chennai
b) Coimbatore
c) Kanyakumari
d) Madurai
Ans: c) Kanyakumari
Explanation: Because, near Kanyakumari in Tamil Nadu largest wind energy farm is established which generates 380MW of electricity.
5.) Burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in the atmosphere which may cause
a) greenhouse effect
b) global warming
c) acid rain
d) a and b
Ans: c) acid rain
Explanation: Because burning of fossil fuels release oxides of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur in atmosphere and by mixing with water at higher height produces acidic pollutants which are responsible for acid rain.
6.) Sun is the which source of energy?
a) non renewable
b) inexhaustible
c) exhaustible
d) a and c
Ans: b) inexhaustible
Explanation: Because we are receiving solar energy from billions of years ago free of cost and it’s daily use or extra use may not exhaust them. Hence sun is the inexhaustible source of energy.
7.) Following is the way of harnessing energy from ocean
a) geothermal energy
b) tidal energy
c) wave energy
d) b and c both
Ans: d) b and c both
Explanation: Because, tidal energy and wave energy would be harnessed from ocean.
8.) The best alternative for LPG gas is
a) biomass
b) solar cell
c) solar cooker
d) none
Ans: c) solar cooker
Explanation: Because solar cooker is the best alternative for LPG gas.
3.) Very short answer questions:
1.) Why solar cooker is the best alternative for LPG gas?
Ans:
Solar cooker is the best alternative for LPG gas because solar cooker uses solar energy to cook food and it is cheapest method which does not produce any kind of pollution.
2.) What is biomass?
Ans:
Biogas is a fuel produced from plants and animal waste.
3.) Mention the ways of harnessing energy from ocean?
Ans:
Following are the ways of harnessing energy from ocean:
- Tidal energy
- Wave energy
- Ocean thermal energy
4.) What is ocean thermal energy?
Ans:
The temperature difference in upper level and deep level in sea is used to produce thermal energy called as Austin thermal energy and it is converted into electrical energy.
5.) What are the conventional energy sources?
Ans:
- Conventional energy sources are also known as non-renewable energy sources which are having high energy efficiency.
- But they not eco-friendly.
- If we use them for long time they may exhaust.
- Fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, wood water, petrol etc. are conventional energy sources.
6.) What are non-conventional energy sources?
Ans:
- The non-conventional energy sources are eco-friendly and if we use them continuously, they will not exhaust.
- Non-conventional energy sources are solar power, hydroelectric power, ocean wave energy, tidal energy, wind energy, solar cell, ocean thermal power energy, biomass etc.
7.) What is solar cell?
Ans:
Solar cell is also called as photovoltaic cell which is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. And it is based on the working of PN junction diode in a semiconductor.
4.) Short answer questions:
1.) Why solar cells are advantageous to use?
Ans:
- The solar cells are advantageous because it works on the basis of solar energy which is easily available and does not create any kind of pollution.
- It is the pollution free device and safe to use. Also, it has no movable parts so easy to handle and work.
- And solar energy is available in tremendous form which is available to every person equally and daily.
- Because of the above all advantages of solar cell it is beneficial to use.
2.) How we can say that the energy from any source is coming from the sun? Explain.
Ans:
- Energy from different sources is considered to have been derived from the sun because, the energy harnessed from any sources us the energy derived from sun directly or indirectly and the sun is the ultimate source of energy.
- The energy coming from sun is the cheapest and huge source of energy.
- Ocean thermal energy is due to temperature difference and it is due to the solar energy.
- The solar cooker, solar panel, solar cell are most usable sources which uses solar energy.
- Wind energy is based on the speed of wind and indirectly it depends on the temperature and hence the solar energy.
- In this way we can say that all energy sources are harnessing energy indirectly which comes from the sun.
3.) Draw a neat labelled diagram of biomass.
Ans:
The following diagram shows the biomass.
Fig. neat labelled diagram of Biomass
4.) Draw a neat labelled diagram of solar cell.
Ans:
Following is the diagram of solar cell.
Fig. Solar cell
5.) What are the disadvantages of producing wind energy?
Ans:
- In case of producing wind energy, we must have large area for wind mills. The speed of wind blowing should be constant but in actual it does not remain constant.
- Also, we have to maintain the blades of the wind mills properly because they are exposing to all environmental conditions such as rain, cyclone and sometimes high speed of wind also.
- Wind energy is produced only in those areas where the speed of blowing wind is high in order to generate electricity in more form.
6.) What are the environmental effects is using fossil fuels? How they will be overcome?
Ans:
- Now a days, lot of factories, vehicles are using fossil fuels in huge amount and after burning of this fossil fuels there is a evolution of tremendous amount of gases in air which are responsible for air pollution.
- In order to avoid this, we have to use pollutant free energies and have to plant more trees for better environmental conditions.
- We have to limit the uses of fossil fuels for extra purposes. We have to use vehicles, machines which working on electricity or the energy which cannot produce pollution.
- We have to ban on deforestation and have to plant more trees which will produce pollution free environment in future.
5.) Long answer questions:
1.) How solar cell works explain with neat labelled diagram and give it’s advantages.
Ans:
- Solar cell is also called as photo voltaic cell which is used to convert solar energy into electrical energy. It is based on the working of PN junction diode in a semiconductor. On the n-type layer p-type layer is formed and the top surface is coated with anti-reflecting surface to avoid reflection of light and whole light will be absorbed completely.
- The total surface is coated with protecting glass. When light is incident on the top surface, it gets absorbed and potential is developed because of crossing of majority charge carriers.
- The potential difference developed displaces the charges such as holes to p-side and electrons to n-side and in this way potential difference is developed.
- If a load resistance is connected current flows through it and electrical energy is produced. In this way solar cell produces electrical energy from solar energy.
Fig. Solar Cell
Advantages of solar cell:
- The solar cell has vast of advantages because it works on the basis of solar energy which is easily available and does not create any kind of pollution.
- The solar cell is a pollution free device and safe to use. Also, it has no movable parts, so easy to handle and work. And the solar energy used is in tremendous form which is available to every person on the earth equally and daily.
- So, we have to only work on it, to produce electricity by using solar cell without giving any harm to environment.
2.) How nuclear power plants works explain in detail.
Ans:
- These days the nuclear power plants, which are using the heat energy produced during nuclear fission reaction mostly. The heat energy evolved during nuclear fission reaction in the core of nuclear reactor is used to boil steam water and which rotates the blades of turbine and helps in producing electricity.
- The main reaction is nuclear fission reaction in which heavy atomic nuclei are bombarded with low energy neutron. In this reaction, fission of reactant nuclei takes place and most of the mass is converted into energy and it is evolved out after reaction.
- The difference between mass of reactant nuclei and mass of product nuclei is the amount of energy evolved during the reaction.
- The nuclear fission reaction is based on Einstein mass energy relation. The amount of energy evolved which takes main role in generating electricity.
- But in a nuclear fission reaction, most of the radioactive waste are generated which are more hazardous to the human life and creates water pollution.
- The nuclear fission reaction is also used in atom bomb. After explosion of atom bomb huge amount of energy is evolved and radioactive waste are also emitted.
- There is a dangerous effect of this waste on human health up to thousands of years on human health and generation also. Thus, in this day’s nuclear fission reaction is used to harness nuclear energy.
3.) Write a short note on
a) tidal energy
b) wave energy
c) ocean thermal energy
Ans:
a) Tidal energy:
- Tidal energy is harnessed due to the difference in sea levels. The gravitational force of moon on the spinning earth leads to rise and fall in the sea water.
- The rising and falling of water level is called as high tide and low tide. The dam is constructed near the sea and at its opening a turbine is rotating which converts tidal energy into electrical energy.
- Tidal energy is the pollution free energy.
b) Wave energy:
- Wave energy is also the form of energy harnessed from ocean, which is due to the huge waves in the sea level. These waves are trapped somewhere and used for producing wave energy.
- The wave energy is formed due to the strong winds blowing on the sea level which are due to the temperature difference and pressure difference in the atmosphere.
- In this way from tidal energy and wave energy we can produce electrical energy. The above discussed energies are the two forms of energy harnessed from ocean.
c) Ocean thermal energy:
-
- The temperature difference in the upper level and deep level in the sea is used to produce thermal energy called as Austin thermal energy and it is converted into electrical energy.
4.) How we can obtain the energy from biomass? Explain.
Ans:
- The biomass uses the animal and plant waste material as a form of fuel. The main source of fuel used is biogas. From decades ago, we are using bio mass.
- The cow dung, plant waste or residue, vegetable waste is decomposed in the absence of oxygen to produce biogas.
- The starting material used is only the cow dung.
Principal:
The biogas is produced only because of anaerobic fermentation of organic and inorganic waste in the presence of water and absence of oxygen.
Fig. Schematic diagram of Biomass
Working:
- It consists of a dome like structure built with bricks. The slurry of cow dung and water is in the tank where it is supplied to digester. The digester is totally sealed and does not consist of any oxygen.
- In the absence of oxygen in the digester anaerobic fermentation takes place and after few days when decomposition is completed the gases such as methane, carbon dioxide, nitrogen and hydrogen sulphide are produced.
- These biogases are stored in the tank above the digester and used through pipe supply.
- The biogas that is methane produced is the best fuel because after the burning of methane less amount of smoke is produced in the environment.
- Biomass is the eco-friendly to use and has no environmental side effects.