Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Chapter 6 Beginning of Freedom Movement Solution

Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Solution Chapter 6 – Beginning of Freedom Movement

Balbharati Maharashtra Board Class 8 History Solution Chapter 6: Beginning of Freedom Movement. Marathi or English Medium Students of Class 8 get here Beginning of Freedom Movement full Exercise Solution.

Std	Maharashtra Class 8
Subject	History and Civics Solution
Chapter	Beginning of Freedom Movement

EXERCISE SOLUTION

1.) The servants of India society was founded by GOPAL KRISHNA GOKHALE.

2.) The first session of Indian National Congress was held at MUMBAI.

3.) LOKMANYA TILAK wrote the Geeta Rahasya.

(B.) WRITE THE NAMES-

1.) MODERATE LEADERS- SURANDRANATH BANARJEE, GOAPAL KRISHNA GHOKHALE, DADABHAI NAORAJI

2.) EXTREMIST LEADERS- BALA GANGADHARA TILAK, BIPIN CHANDRA PAL, LALA LAJPAT RAI, AUROBINDO GHOSH.

(2.) Explain the following statements with reasons Solution

1. ) IN THE STRUGGLE FOR INDEPENDENCE A SENSE OF IDENTITY WAS AWAKENED AMONG THE INDIANS.

ANS:- The ideological awareness about the ancient tradition and the exploitation imposed by Britishers made sense of identity among the Indians. The other reasons are-

a)The spread of western education new ideas such as a justice liberty equality democracy etc. was introduced to the Indians.

b) Many Indians started the study in the Indian culture and they realized they no longer should tolerate slavery under the British rule.

C) Mahatma Gandhi’s efforts and the feeling that the freedom battle could be won made Indians more united.

2.) TWO GROUPS WERE FORMED IN THE INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS.

ANS:- The Indian National Congress was formed in 1885. Indian leaders were politically aware kept aside their differences of caste, religion , and gathered on a single platform of INC. But there are differences regarding the working system. From these differences two maion political groups were formed.The groups were- a) Extremists.  B) Moderates.

The reason for the differences were-

A) The moderates had the influenced of the ‘moderate’ idea that the Britishers would agree with their demands as and when they confirm it.

B) But moderate failed to achieve any notable goals. They only could expand the legislative council by the Indian Council act of 1892. This creates unhappiness among the members in INC.

C) The partition of Bengal made the members restless, and it was one of the reasons for the rise of extremism in INC. In 1907 INC meeting was conducted in pune. The extremists wanted Lala Lajpat Rai or Bal Gangadhar Tilak as President. But moderates wanted Rash Behari bose as a President. Therefore a decision was made by Gopal Krishna Gokhlae to change the meeting place of INC from Pune to Surat. If Pune was the meeting place then Bal Gangadhar Tilak would become President. This was the fear of moderates.

3.) LORD CURZON DECIDED TO PARTITION BENGAL.

ANS:-The partition of Bengal was announced on 19^th july 1905 by the viceroy of India. The partition took place on 16^th October 1905. The British decided to nuse ‘Divide and Rule’ to create a rift  between Hindu and Muslim’. To carry out of the work of this province was difficult from administrative point of view. BY putting this reason He decleared the partition of Bengal.with this partition arrangement was made such that majority Muslims will remain in East Bengal and west Bengal for majority of hindus.  The hidden strategy of the British was if vthe Hindu- Muslims were divided due to partition then the freedom movement will be weakened.

(3.) Short notes-

1.)  OBJECTIVES OF INDIAN NATIONAL CONGRESS.

ANS:- Indian National Congress started in 1885 by A.o Hume was mainly to use the organization as an intermediary to discuss the Indian social matters. The leaders are Dadabhai naoraji, Surendranath banarjee etc . After the jalianwala bhag massacre incident two developments happened. Lala lajpat Rai, Bipinchandra Pal, Bal Gangadhar Tilak got identified with extremists.  To make the people from different parts of India forget the differences in religion, caste, language and bring them on a common platform to understand each other problems and views to increase the feeling of oneness among the people to take efforts for the development of the country were the objectives of the Indian Nartional Congress.

2) ANTI PARTITION MOVEMENT:- British ruled India for nearly a hundred years stayed on in the idea to divide and rule India. Partition of Bengal was such a political idea of the British to divide the India. All over the India there were protest meetings to condemm the Governments decision. As a symbol of unity, ‘Raksha Bandhan’ programs were held. The leadership ofb this movement was in the hands of Surendranath Banarjee, Anand Mohon Bose, Rabindranath Tagore. The extent of INC increased due to anti partition movement.

A) OBJECTIONS AND GATHERINGS:- The people appealed to the government to change the decision in Bengal Partition. Objection meeting were orgainaized all over Bengal. Leaders of Bengal travelled through the country and asked people the  boycott of British goods. The boycott movement spread in all over the Bengal. Students forced the shopkeepers to stop sellings British goods through picketing. They boycotted Government schools and colleges.

B) SWADESI MOVEMENT:- They boycott movements lead the way to the swadesi movement. The swadesi movement was to make Indians use Indian goods only. All class of people participated in the movement. The idea of British to create communual tension was lessened by the national spirit and patriotism.

3.) FOUR POINT PROGRAM OF INC:- The INC has put forward many objectives in the political administration. It can be labeled in the four point program. Gopal Krishna Gokhlae supported the anti partition movement. In 1906 Dadabhai Naoraji was the President. For first time he announced the word ‘Swaraj’ from the stage. Inhis Presidential speech he gave that meassage  remain united,try sincerely and fdulfil extremist trying that this opposition should not be successful.Such moderate leaders blamed that the exterimist leaders are trying to capture the INC. Lala lajpat Rai tried to act as a mediator. As per, Tilak’s opinion , Indian National congress was a national platform . During this session the vtension increased and since no compromise was possible finally there was a split in the Indian National Congress.