DAV Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 13 Colonialism and Urban Change
DAV School Books Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 13 Colonialism and Urban Change all Question Answer. DAV Class 8 13th Chapter Colonialism and Urban Change full Chapter explanation by expert teacher.
DAV School Books Class 8 SST Solution Chapter 13 Colonialism and Urban Change:
(A) Tick the correct option –
(1) Which one of the following was not a Presidency Town during the British period?
(a) Surat
(b) Bombay
(c) Calcutta
(d) Madras
Ans: (a) Surat
(2) The British shifted their capital from Calcutta to which other place in 1911?
(a) Shimla
(b) Madras
(c) Bombay
(d) New Delhi
Ans: (d) New Delhi
(3) Which one of the following did not happen due to the introduction of railways in India?
(a) Awareness against social evils
(b) Freedom from foreign exploitation
(c) Aroused the need for modern education
(d) Divided the Indian Society
Ans: (b) Freedom from foreign exploitation
(4) Employment opportunities of Calcutta increased many times due to-
(a) Building infrastructure facilities
(b) Its Location in the east of India
(c) Its Nearness to the sea.
(d) Migration of people from other cities.
Ans: (a) Building infrastructure facilities
(5) Which one of the following was not an objective of the New Delhi Municipal Committee set-up by the Britishers?
(a) To provide an underground sewer system
(b) To construct more open nallas to drain out water
(c) To Provide medical and Public health facilities
(d) To introduce a proper water supply system
Ans: (a) To provide an underground sewer system
(B) Fill in the blanks.
(1) The great literary figures like _______, ________ and _______ were influenced by the English pattern of writing.
Ans: Rabindranath Tagore, Aurobindo Ghosh, Sarojini Naidu.
(2) Many huge _________ wonders were built in the port city of Madras by the Britishers.
Ans: Architectural.
(3) Many English painters arrived in India in search of princely ________.
Ans: Patronage.
(4) Calcutta was the ________ capital of the British, whereas their _________ capital was Shimla.
Ans: imperial, summer.
(5) _________ _________ _________ was set-up in 1955 to develop and manage land in Delhi.
Ans: Delhi Development Authority.
(C) Match the Following:
(1) Relocation of New as the British Capital | (a) 1877 |
(2) Formation of Delhi Municipal Committee | (b) 1946 |
(3) Delhi Durbar for Queen Victoria | (c) 1863 |
(4) Beginning of Indian Railways | (d) 1911 |
(5) Restructuring of Delhi Police | (e) 1853 |
ANS:
(1) Relocation of New as the British Capital | (d) 1911 |
(2) Formation of Delhi Municipal Committee | (c) 1863 |
(3) Delhi Durbar for Queen Victoria | (a) 1877 |
(4) Beginning of Indian Railways | (e) 1853 |
(5) Restructuring of Delhi Police | (b) 1946 |
(D) Answer the following questions in brief –
(1) Why did the British introduce railways in India? Explain any three reasons.
Ans: British introduced railways in India to look after the administration, to control the trade and to hold the political power of India.
(2) Describe the police organisation of Lord Cornwallis.
Ans: Police organization of Lord Cornwallis-according to him police force was a regular force and each district was looking after by the superintendent of police. He was assisted by Deputy superintendent of police and each and every area was divided into thanas, was looked after by daragas. Chokidar and kotwals used to look after the towns and villages.
(3) Highlight any three major improvements that took place in Delhi before the Delhi Durbar of 1877.
Ans: Major three improvements were-
(i) Town duties committee was set up to look after and for the development of the cantonments, Khyber Pass, civil lines and the ridge area.
(ii) Delhi Municipal committee was set up.
(iii) Land revenue and City administration was taken over by the British.
(4) How did some old trading centres lose their glory and became de-urbanised?
Ans: Many trading centres lost their glories by the declining product demand and by the replacement of the new trading centres.
(5) What type of discrimination did the people of Calcutta experience after it became the British capital in India?
Ans: After Calcutta became the British capital the people of Calcutta faced a huge discrimination such as they had to stay in the congested area with congested streets and shanties. Where as British people used to stay at sprawling bunglows.
(E) Answer the following questions-
(1) ‘The British successfully influenced painting, literature and architecture of India.’ Give examples to support this statement.
Ans: British influenced painting, architecture and literature of India. They came to India to get influenced by the British and to please them. Moreover the Indian royal architecture and environment attracted them. The theme of the painters – Indian royal court, flora and fauna states that they were highly pleased by the royal patronage of India. Again architects built few buildings resembled with buildings of England. Such as churches, town halls, railway station of Bombay city, banquet hall, bungalows of Madras built like the cities of England. Indian literature was also influenced by English culture. Many translations, dictionary, manuscripts, grammars written by the scholars of Fort William College prove the greatness of the British. Moreover many Indian scholars like Rabindranath Tagore, Aurobindo Ghosh etc. got influenced by the British writings.
(2) Describe any five major changes brought about in Delhi by the British before the development of New Delhi.
Ans: Changes brought about by the British at Delhi were-
(i) Town duties committee was set up to look after and for the development of the cantonments, Khyber pass, civil lines and the ridge area.
(ii) Delhi Municipal committee was set up.
(iii) Land revenue and City administration was taken over by the British.
(iv) Civil lines area now Delhi University was set up
(v) Imperial Delhi Committee was set up.
(3) Describe the distinct features of the city of Calcutta as developed by the British in India. Inspite of this, why did the British shift their capital to New Delhi?
Ans: Features of the developed Calcutta by the British-
(i) Calcutta Municipal corporation was established.
(ii) The city was divided into two parts-white town (for the British) and black town (for the Indians).
(iii) Increasing population and employment opportunities.
(iv) Developed with different infrastructure facilities such as railways, telegraph ine etc.
Despite of all these developments British had to shift the Capital from Calcutta to Delhi. It was done for increasing population and to maintain the political peace. Moreover the central position of Delhi was the another major reason for shifting.
(4) ‘Introduction of railways in India proved to be a blessing in disguise.’ Give three arguments in favour of and three against the statement.
Ans: Introduction of railways in India is the blessings in disguise because it became a great source of connection among the citizens of India which spread awareness against different social and political evils. Moreover people became more aware about the foreign dominion and exploitations.
It helped the British more than the Indians. For example-
(i) This investment by the British gave them huge profits.
(ii) British administration easily held their political control over the country.
(iii) It put a speed into the transportation system of India which helped the British to carry raw materials to the factories and the finished products to the markets easily.
(5) Describe the developmental activities undertaken to construct and develop New Delhi as the new British Capital.
Ans: Developmental activities to construct New Delhi-
(i) Residence of Viceroy was set up at Delhi. Now we call it Rashtrapati bhawan.
(ii) Parliament House and King’sway-Rajpath was set up.
(iii) New Delhi Municipal committee was established to look after the civic purposes.
(iv) Delhi improvement Trust was established to look after different developmental plans for the city.
(v) Delhi Development Authority was established for the overall development.
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